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DESCRIPTIVE GUIDE

3.11. FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

3.11.1. GENERAL

The carbon dioxide (CO2) fire protection system supplied is designed to extinguish fires by
reducing the oxygen content of the air in a compartment from an atmosphere normal of 21 per
cent to less than 15 per cent ; an insufficient concentration to support the combustion of
turbine fuel or lubricating oil. System design is in accord with the requirements contained in
the Fire Protection recommendations and recognizing the reflash potential of combustibles
exposed to high temperature metal it provides an extended discharge to maintain an
extinguishing concentration for a prolonged period to minimize the likelihood of a reflash
condition.
Major system components include :
Carbon dioxide cylinders, (in and off-base station), discharge pipes and nozzles, pilot valves,
fire detectors, and pressure switches. Refer to the schematic diagram (Figure FP-1) where
system components are shown in their respective compartments.
Carbon dioxide is supplied from an off-base skid where banks of high pressure cylinders are
connected to a distribution system which conducts the carbon dioxide through pipes to
discharge nozzles located among others in the various compartments of the gas turbine unit.
For the gas turbine itself, there are two distinctive zones (see Figure FP-1 here after) :
• Zone 1 : turbine accessory compartment and turbine compartment ;
• Zone 2 : tunnel of bearing number 3 and load shaft compartment.
Two sorts of discharge are used : initial discharge and extended discharge. Within a few
seconds after actuation, sufficient CO2 flows from the initial discharge system into the
compartment of the machine to rapidly build up an extinguishing concentration. This
concentration is maintained for a prolonged period of time by the gradual addition of more
CO2 from the extended discharge system.
WARNING : Carbon Dioxide, in a concentration sufficient to extinguish fire, creates an
atmosphere that will not support life. It is extremely hazardous to enter the
compartments after the CO2 system has been discharged. Anyone rendered
unconscious by CO2 should be rescued as quickly as possible and revived
immediately with artificial respiration. The extend and type of safeguards and
personnel warnings that may be necessary must be designed to meet the
particular requirements of each situation. It is recommended that personnel be
adequately trained as to the proper action to take in case of such an
emergency.

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3.11.2. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

To better understand the CO2 system, a brief description of its operation and distinctive
features is given in the following paragraph only for the load shaft compartment. For the rest
of the compartments, refer to the concerned Environment volume. Refer to the Fire Protection
System schematic Figure FP-1 here after.
Should a fire occur in one of the protected compartments of the unit, the pilot valves in the off-
base skid will be energized by one of the heat-sensitive fire detectors, more exactly : 45 FA-
1A, -1B, 45 FA-2A,- 2B, 45 FA-10A,-10B, 45 FA-11A,-11B, 45 FA-12A,-12B, 45 FA-13A,-13B
in the accessory compartment, 45 FA-6A,-6B, 45 FA-7A,-7B in the DLN gas module, 45 FT-
1A, -1B ; 45 FT-2A, -2B ; 45 FT-3A, -3B in the turbine compartment and 45 FT-8A, -8B, -9A, -
9B in the tunnel of bearing n° 3.
The CO2 flow rate is controlled by the size of the orifices to the discharge nozzles in each
compartment for the initial and extended discharge system. The orifices for the initial
discharge must permit a rapid discharge of CO2 to quickly build up an extinguishing
concentration. The orifices for the extended discharge are smaller and permit a relatively slow
discharge rate in order to maintain the extinguishing concentration over a prolonged period of
time. By maintaining the extinguishing concentration, the likelihood of a fire reigniting is
minimized.
In the bearing no 3 zone, there is one nozzle for the initial discharge and the other is for the
extended discharge.
When fire is detected and CO2 is emitted, CO2 operated latches close the shutter provided for
the load shaft compartment.
Note that the CO2 latches located in the ventilation path must be opened manually after a fire.
the latches are provided with a limit switch preventing a gas turbine restart after a fire.
Emergency stop buttons 5E1-1,-2 called blow of fist and fire alarm strobe SL1-1,-2 are
installed in the accessory compartment.
In addition to the thermostatic sensors, fire detection can also be actuated by mean of break
glass (43 CP) unit located near each zone package access door.
Horn and flashing light units (SLI) are installed inside and outside protected zones.

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PART NOMENCLATURE

43 CP-1 to 7 CO2 release break glass unit – dig : binary signal.

45 FA-1A,-1B Accessory compartment fire detector.
45 FA-2A,-2B Accessory compartment fire detector.
45 FA-6A,6B Fire detector gas compartment.
45 FA-7A,-7B Fire detector gas compartment.
45 FA-10A,-10B Accessory compartment fire detector.
45 FA-11A,-11B Accessory compartment fire detector.
45 FA-12A,-12B Accessory compartment fire detector.
45 FA-13A,-13B Accessory compartment fire detector.
45 FT-1A,-1B Turbine compartment fire detector.
45 FT-2A,-2B Turbine compartment fire detector.
45 FT-3A,-3B Turbine compartment fire detector.
45 FT-8A,-8B N° 3 bearing fire detector.
45 FT-9A,-9B Load compartment fire detector.
5 E-1,2 Button of stop of emergency.
SL1-1,-2 Fire alarm strobe and horn.
SLI-1A,-1B,-1C Horn and flashing light unit – electrical signal.
SLI-2B,-2C,-3C Horn and flashing light unit – electrical signal.
SLI-1D Horn and flashing light unit – electrical signal.

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FIGURE FP-1 : FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

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3.11.3. GAS DETECTORS : FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Should a fire or a gas leakage occur in one of the protected compartments of the unit, the pilot
valves in the off-base skid will be energized by one of the hazardous atmosphere detector 45
HA-4,-5,-6, in the DLN gas compartment ventilation duct, 45 HT-1,-2,-3 in the turbine
compartment, 45 HT-4,-5,-6 in the turbine compartment ventilation duct.

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PART NOMENCLATURE

45 HT-1,-2,-3 Turbine compartment gas detector.

45 HT-4,-5,-6 Turbine compartment ventilation duct gas detector.
45 HA-4,-5,-6 DLN Gas compartment ventilation duct gas detector.

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DESCRIPTIVE GUIDE

GAS DETECTOR SCHEMAT IC DIAGRAM

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