Nama : Bagja Gumelar (20416261201387)

Kelas : MN20C

Use of E-Learning as Learning Media

Wiwin Hartanto

Abstract : Form of information technology that can be used as a

learning media is to use e-learning. E-learning is innovation that would
is used in learning, not only for learning material but also a change in
the various competence students. The components of the e-learning form
are e-learning infrastructure, the system and application e-learning and
e-learning content. E-learning benefits for the world general education,
namely: (1) flexibility place and time, (2) independent learning, (3)
costs, (4) flexibility speed learning, (5) standardization teaching, (6) the
effectiveness of teaching, (7) speed distribution, (8) on-demand
availability, e-learning can be accessed at any moment, (9) automation
the process of administration. The strategy of e-learning is to support
the implementation of a learning process, expected to improve
absorption capacity from school tuition over the materials given,
increase active participation from school tuition, improve the ability of
independent study school tuition, material improve the quality of
education and training, improve the ability of the displays information
with a device information technology , expand the teaching and learning
process by the use of the internet, not just limited to space and time. The
e-learning involving four first is analysis, planning, implementation and
evaluation. Conclusions from the discussion is information technology
and telecommunications cheap and easily would eliminate the cap time
and space been limit education world. Some logical consequence
occurring include (1) students can easily take the material learning
anywhere without limited in scope the place and time; (2) students can
easily learn and discuss with the experts at things that they are
interested in; (3) the material of learning even can easily be taken in
every corner of the world without depending on where students learn.
But that opportunities were still face the challenges in costs aspect, the
readiness of infrastructure information technology, the community, and
regulations support for the e-learning.
 Education world in Indonesia has undergone significant
development. The development is visible from more and learning
diversity of the method used. Methods used often utilized various
media to improve the quality of lessons.
The development of various media learning this along with
the technological progress rapidly. The dynamics of this technology
will reach remarkable acceleration. The technology that have
learned from few years a go now starts replaced with the new
various technology including the conventional learning ways.
The form of information technology that can be used as a
learning media is named e-learning. E-learning is innovation that
can be used in learning process, not only for learning material but
also a change in the various competence students. Through e-
learning, learners not only listen to the discussion material from
educators but also active in observing, do, demos, and so on. The
material of learning can be virtualized in a variety of formats so it
could be more interesting and more dynamic in order to motivate
students in learning.
The utilization of technology telecommunications to
learning activities college in Indonesia has conducive with the
enactment of minister decree the ministry of national education (sk
minister) 2001 that encourage conventional college to implement
distance learning (dual mode). To a favorable climate, some
colleges have done many preparations, as the assignment lecturers
to (a) follow training about the development of material electronic
text, (b) identifying various platforms of learning electronic that are
available, and (c) experiment about the use of platform learning
electronic certain to present matter lecture.

Keywords : e-learning, learning media, online learning

 The world of education in Indonesia is experiencing a significant
development. This development can be seen from the increasingly diverse
learning methods used. The method used uses a lot of various media to improve
the quality of learning outcomes.
The development of various learning media is in line with the
increasingly rapid technological advances. The dynamics of today's technology
achieve tremendous acceleration. The technology that was learned several years
ago has begun to be replaced with new technology, including various
conventional ways of learning.
The form of information technology development that can be used as a
learning medium is to use e-learning. E-learning is an innovation that can be
used in the learning process, not only in the delivery of learning material but also
changes in the abilities of various competences of students. Through e-learning,
students not only listen to material descriptions from educators but also actively
observe, do, demonstrate, and so on. Teaching material can be virtualized in
various formats so that it is more interesting and more dynamic so that it can
motivate students to go further in the learning process.
The use of telecommunication technology for learning activities in
universities in Indonesia is increasingly conducive with the issuance of the
Decree of the Minister of National Education (SK Mendiknas) 2001 which
encourages conventional universities to organize distance education (dual mode).
With this conducive climate, several universities have made various
preparations, such as assignments for students
lecturers to (a) attend training on the development of electronic learning
materials, (b) identify various available electronic learning platforms, and (c)
conduct experiments on the use of certain electronic learning platforms to
present lecture materials.

Definition of E-learning
E-learning is information and communication technology to enable
students to study anytime and anywhere (Dahiya, 2012). Electronic learning or
e-learning began in the 1970s (Waller and Wilson, 2001). Various terms are used
to express opinions / ideas about electronic learning, including: on-line learning,
internet-enabled learning, virtual learning, or web-based learning. There are 3
(three) important things as requirements for electronic learning activities (e-
learning). ), namely: (a) learning activities carried out through the use of
networks, in this case limited to the use of the internet, (b) the availability of
learning support services that can be used by learning participants, for example,
external hard drives, flask drives, CD-ROMs, or printed materials, and (c) the
availability of tutor support services that can help participants learn if they
experience difficulties. In addition to the three requirements above, other
requirements can be added, such as: (a) institutions that organize and manage e-
learning activities, (b) positive attitudes of students and education personnel
towards computer and internet technology,
(c) the design of a learning system that can be studied and known by each
learning participant, (d) an evaluation system of progress or development
learning participants learn, and (e) a feedback mechanism developed by the
organizing agency.
The term e-learning has many meanings because of the various uses of
e-learning today. Basically, e-learning has two types, namely synchronous and
asynchronous. Synchronous means at the same time. The learning process occurs
at the same time between educators and students. This allows direct interaction
between educators and students on line. In its implementation, synchronous
training requires educators and students to access the internet simultaneously.
Educators provide learning material in the form of papers or presentation slides
and students can listen to presentations directly via the internet. Students can
also ask questions or comments directly or via the chat window. Synchronous
training is a description of a real class, but it is virtual (virtual) and all students
are connected via the internet. Synchronous training is often referred to as virtual
classrooms.
Asynchronous means not at the same time. Students can take different
learning times with educators providing material. Asynchronous training is
popular in e-learning because students can access learning materials anywhere
and anytime. Students can carry out learning and complete it at any time
according to a predetermined schedule range. Learning can take the form of
reading, animation, simulation, educational games, tests, quizzes and
assignments.
 E-learning component
The components that make up e-learning according to Romisatriawahono
(2008) are e-learning infrastructure, e-learning systems and applications and e-
learning content. E-learning infrastructure is equipment used in e-learning which
can be in the form of a Personal Computer ((PC), which is a computer that is
privately owned, a computer network, which is a collection of a number of
devices in the form of computers, hubs, switches, routers, or other connected
network devices. by using certain communication media., the internet which
stands for Interconnection Networking which is defined as computers connected
around the world and multimedia equipment, namely media devices that combine
two or more elements of media consisting of text, graphics, images, photos ,
audio, video and animation in an integrated manner.
E-learning systems and applications, e-learning systems and applications
that are often referred to as Learning Management Systems (LMS), which are
software systems that virtualize conventional teaching and learning processes for
administration, documentation, reports on training programs, classrooms and
online events , e-learning programs, and training content, for example, all
features related to the management of the teaching and learning process such as
classroom management, material or content creation, discussion forums, scoring
systems, and online exam systems, all of which are accessible to the internet.
 E-learning content, e-learning content is content and teaching materials
in the e-learning system (LMS). Content and teaching materials can be in the
form of multimedia-based content or interactive multimedia content such as
multimedia learning that allows us to use a mouse, keyboard to operate it or text-
based content, which is text-based content such as textbooks on wikipedia.org,
ilmukomputer.com, etc. Usually stored in a Learning Management System
(LMS) so that students can run it anytime and anywhere.
While the main actors in implementing e-learning can be meant the same
as the conventional teaching and learning process, namely there is a need for
teachers (lecturers) to guide students (learners) who receive teaching materials
and administrators who manage administration and the teaching and learning
process.

Benefits of E-learning
E-learning can bring a new atmosphere in a variety of learning
development. The good use of e-learning can improve learning outcomes
maximally. Some of the benefits of e-learning include, according to Rohmah
(2016) (1) the existence of e-learning can shorten learning time and make study
costs more economical (2) E-learning makes it easier for students to interact with
material, (3) Students can share information and can access learning materials at
any time and repeatedly, with such conditions students can further strengthen
their mastery
towards learning materials (4) With e-learning, the process of developing
knowledge does not only occur in the classroom, but with the help of computer
equipment and networks, students can be actively involved in the teaching and
learning process.
The benefits of e-learning for the world of education in general are: (1)
Flexibility of place and time, if conventional learning in the classroom requires
students to attend class at certain hours, e-learning provides flexibility in
choosing the time and place to access lessons. (2) Independent learning, e-
learning provides opportunities for learners to take control of each other's
learning success, meaning that learners are given the freedom to determine when
to start, when to complete, and which parts of the module they want to learn first.
If he's having a hard time, he can repeat it again until he feels he can understand.
Learners can also contact instructors, resource persons via email or participate in
interactive dialogue at certain times. Many people find this independent learning
method more effective than other learning methods which force them to study in
a predetermined order. (3) Costs, many costs that can be saved from e-learning
methods. Financially, the costs that can be saved include transportation costs to
study places and accommodation during study, management administration
costs, providing physical facilities and facilities for learning. (4) The flexibility
of learning speed, e-learning can be adjusted according to the learning speed of
each student. If students do not understand and understand a certain module, they
can repeat it again until they understand. (5) Standardization of teaching, e-
learning learning always has the same quality every time it is accessed and not
many costs that can be saved from the way of learning with e-learning.
Financially, the costs that can be saved include transportation costs to study
places and accommodation while studying, management administration costs,
providing physical facilities and facilities for learning. (4) The flexibility of
learning speed, e-learning can be adjusted according to the learning speed of
each student. If students do not understand and understand a certain module, they
can repeat it again until they understand. (5) Standardization of teaching, e-
learning learning always has the same quality every time it is accessed and not
many costs that can be saved from the way of learning with e-learning.
Financially, the costs that can be saved include transportation costs to study
places and accommodation during study, management administration costs,
providing physical facilities and facilities for learning. (4) The flexibility of
learning speed, e-learning can be adjusted according to the learning speed of
each student. If students do not understand and understand a certain module, they
can repeat it again until they understand. (5) Standardization of teaching, e-
learning learning always has the same quality every time it is accessed and not
(4) The flexibility of learning speed, e-learning can be adjusted according to the
learning speed of each student. If students do not understand and understand a
certain module, they can repeat it again until they understand. (5)
Standardization of teaching, e-learning learning always has the same quality
every time it is accessed and not (4) The flexibility of learning speed, e-learning
can be adjusted according to the learning speed of each student. If students do
not understand and understand a certain module, they can repeat it again until
they understand. (5) Standardization of teaching, e-learning learning always has
the same quality every time it is accessed and not on the teacher's mood. 6) The
effectiveness of teaching, the delivery of e-learning lessons can be simulated and
cases, using the form of games and applying advanced animation technology. (7)
Speed of distribution, e-learning can quickly reach all corners, the design team
only needs to prepare learning materials as soon as possible and install the
results on the e-learning central server. (8) Availability of On-Demand, e-
learning can be accessed at any time. (9) Automation of administrative
processes, e-learning using a Learning Management System (LMS) which
functions as a platform for e-learning lessons.
 Thus the application of e-learning in higher education is expected to
provide benefits, among others (1) There is an increase in student interaction
with each other and with lecturers (2) The availability of unlimited learning
resources (3) E-learning that is developed properly will be effective in improving
the quality of graduates and the quality of tertiary institutions (4) The formation
of learning communities that interact, give and receive each other and are not
limited to one location
(5) Improving the quality of lecturers because it is possible to gather information
in a wider and even unlimited manner.

E-learning Use Strategy

The strategy of using e-learning to support the implementation of the
learning process is expected to increase students' absorption of the material being
taught; increasing active participation of students; improve students' independent
learning abilities; improve the quality of education and training materials,
improve the ability to display information with information technology tools,
expand the reach of the teaching-learning process using the internet, not limited
to space and time.
To achieve the things mentioned above, in developing an e-learning
application it is necessary to pay attention to the material displayed must support
the delivery of correct information, not only prioritizing the beauty side; pay
close attention to the teaching and learning techniques used; pay attention to the
technique of evaluating the progress of students and storing data on the progress
of students.
Material from the learning process can be taken from valid sources and
with e-learning technology, materials can even be produced based on sources
from experts (experts). For example, a digital video display featuring a
marketing expert showing how to organize a product within a retail. With 3-
dimensional animation, it can be shown how the steps are to be properly
arranged in implementing product preparation strategies for a variety of different
types of products.
In applying technology such as the use of e-learning, it is necessary to
formulate a clear strategy as a reference. The formulation of an e-learning
strategy as presented by Empy (2005) is useful for (1) clarifying the training or
educational objectives to be achieved (2) knowing the resources needed (3)
making all parties involved to stick to the same goal. (4) knowing the
measurement of success.
The e-learning strategy involves four stages, namely analysis, planning,
implementation and evaluation. Analysis, the factors that need to be analyzed
include the needs of the organization in seeing the current situation and the
existence of e-learning in providing a positive impact. In addition to
organizational needs, it is also necessary to analyze the organizational
infrastructure for the implementation of the use of e-learning. Planning, the
aspects of planning that must be reviewed are networks, learning management
systems, materials and management management. Implementation, this stage
requires good project management expertise to ensure coordination and
execution of work according to plan and does not deviate from goals and
strategies. Evaluation, after implementing the e-learning implementation plan,
then assesses the success of the program.

E-learning in the Learning Process

The online learning process can be carried out in the following ways (1)
Conventional learning process (more face to face meetings) with additional
learning through computer interactive media via the internet or using interactive
computer graphics. (2) With a mixed method, that is, most of the learning
process is carried out via computer, but still requires face-to-face measurement
for tutorial purposes or discussing teaching materials. (3) The whole learning
method is only done online, this method is not found face to face meetings at all
The learning model developed through e-learning emphasizes resource-
based learning, which is also known as learner-centered learning. With this
model, students are able to obtain teaching materials from their respective places
(through personal computers in their homes or offices). The advantage of this
kind of learning model is the level of independence of students for the better and
their communication technique skills that show encouraging progress. With this
model, communication between students and teaching staff takes place
simultaneously or individually through computer network support.
Information technology-based learning model using e-learning results in
changes in the learning culture in the context of learning. There are at least four
important components in building a learning culture using the e-learning model
in schools, the four components are (1) Students are required to be independent
in learning with various appropriate approaches so that students are able to
direct, motivate, organize themselves in learning. (2) Educators are capable
develop knowledge and skills, facilitate learning, understand learning and things
that are needed in learning. (3) Availability of adequate infrastructure. (4) The
existence of creative administrators and preparation of infrastructure in
facilitating learning.
In the e-learning application, not only students are required to master
certain skills, but an educator is also required to have several competencies that
he must have so that the e-learning program he is running can run well.
 There are three basic competencies that educators must have to
implement an e-learning learning model, namely
(1) Ability to make instructional design (instructional design) in accordance with
the pedagogical principles outlined in the lesson plans. (2) Mastery of technology
in learning, namely the use of the internet as a source of learning in order to
obtain up to date and quality teaching materials. (3) Mastery of learning material
(subject meter) in accordance with the areas of expertise possessed.
Several things need to be considered in organizing the e-learning digital
classroom program, namely that educators use the internet and email to interact
with students and measure their learning progress, students are able to manage
learning time, and manage the effectiveness of internet use in multimedia spaces.
By looking at the development of information technology in the world of
education and several important components that need to be prepared in
developing an e-learning program, the e-learning program is not something that
is impossible to realize.

Conclusion
The success of the learning is supported by the existence of maximum
interaction between educators and students, between students and various
educational facilities, between students and other students, and the existence of
active learning patterns in these interactions. If the learning is web-based, it is
necessary to have a student activity center, interaction between groups,
administration supporting systems, deepening of the material,
exams, and online material. In terms of information technology; the internet
allows a total overhaul of the learning concepts that have been in effect.
Cheap and easy information technology and telecommunication will
eliminate the time and space constraints that have limited the world of education.
Some of the logical consequences that occur include (1) students can easily take
learning material anywhere without being limited to the limitations of time and
place; (2) Students can easily learn and discuss with experts or experts in their
field of interest; (3) Learning materials can even be easily taken in various parts
of the world without depending on where students study. These various
opportunities still face challenges both in terms of costs, readiness of
information technology infrastructure, society, and regulations that support the
continuity of e-learning.
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