Chemistry is often called the central science because of its role in connecting the physical

sciences,
[1]
which include chemistry, with the life sciences and applied sciences such
as medicine and engineering. The nature of this relationship is one of the main topics in the philosophy of
chemistry and in scientometrics. The phrase was popularized by its use in a textbook by Theodore L.
Brown and H. Eugene LeMay, titled Chemistry: The Central Science, which was first published in 1977,
with a twelfth edition published in 2011.
[2]
People cull lt the Centrul Sclence becuuse understundlng of utoms und molecules ls bullt upon the luws of physlcs und
muthemutlcs. Blology und llfe processes represent the next rung up the ludder. The next hlgher order of conceptuul
uggregutlon ls bullt on un understundlng of molecules, thelr propertles, und lnteructlons.

Anita Roberts: She was a molecular biologist who was instrumental in the discovery of the protein TGF-
beta. This protein has the potential of playing a dual role of blocking as well as stimulating cancer and it
helps in the healing of wounds and fractures. Anita Roberts is one of the most-cited scientists in the
world.
Christiane Nusslein-Volhard: She is a German biologist who conducted a successful research in
mutagenesis to demonstrate the embryonic development in fruit flies. For her research on the genetic
control of embryonic development, she won the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1991
and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1995.

Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin: She was a British chemist who worked in the field of protein
crystallography. She was instrumental in determining the structure of penicillin and vitamin B12. This work
earned her a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. She also discovered the chemical composition of insulin.
Passionate and peace-loving by nature, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin is one of the most notable scientists in
the field of X-ray crystallography.
Gertrude B. Elion: She is a notable American biochemist and pharmacologist who received the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She is attributed with the discovery many drugs, the most significant one
being the AIDS drug, AZT. She received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1988 followed by the National
Medal of Science in 1991 and the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award in 1997. She was inducted
to the National Inventors Hall of Fame and was the first woman to receive this honor.

Gerty Theresa Cori: She was an American biochemist and the proud winner of the Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine, which she shared with her husband. The Cori couple was awarded the Nobel
Prize for their discovery of glycogen.
1. Curiosity. A scientist shows interest and pays particular attentions to objects or events. He
asks questions and seeks answers.
2. Objectivity. A scientist is objective if he does not allow his feelings and biases to influence his
recording of observations, interpretation of data, and formulation of conclusions.
3. Critical-mindedness. A scientist bases suggestions and conclusions on evidences. When in
doubt, he questions the veracity of a statement in relation to the evidences presented.
4. Open-mindedness. A scientist listens to and respects the ideas of others. He accepts
criticism and changes his mind if reliable evidence contrdicts his believes.
5. Inventiveness. A scientist can generate new and original ideas.
6. Risk-taking. A scientist expresses his opinions and tries new ideas even at the risk of failure or
criticism.
7. Intellectual honesty. A scientist gives a truthful report of observations. He does not withhold
important information just to please himself or others.
8. Humility. A scientist is humble when he admits that he is not free from commiting errors. He
recognizes that there may be better ideas and realizes that there are individuals whom he may
have to consult to arrive at correct observations and conclusions.
9. Responsibility. A scientist actively participates in a task and also dutifully performs tasks
assigned to him.