Name: Renia Belgrave

1. Explain the following as it relates to the Kinetic Theory of Matter

a. Perfume sprayed in one corner of a room is soon detected in an entire room.

When the molecules of the scent escape from the container, where they are present
in very high concentration which is the corner of the room. They eventually
spread outward into regions where they are in low concentration, that is the entire
room.
b. When a prune is placed in water, it swells.

As the prunes are placed in the water they absorb water by the process of osmosis
and swell up. Osmosis is the net movement of molecules from a region of their
high concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable
membrane.

2. Complete the table below.

Chemical Protons Electrons Neutrons Atomic Mass Electronic

Symbol Number Number Configuration

S 16 16 16 16 32 2,8,6

H 1 1 - 1 1 1

Ca 20 20 20 20 40 2,8,8,2

Ar 18 18 22 18 40 2,8,8

3. Identify the positions (Group and Period) in the Periodic Table of the last 2 elements
in Question 2.
Calcium is in group 4 period 2.
Argon is in group 18 period 3.
4. Predict the type of bonding expected between (a) sulphur and oxygen (b) fluorine and
magnesium.
Sulphur and Oxygen
The predicted bonds formed between sulfur and oxygen atoms are covalent in nature
due to the fact that the three atoms(one sulfur and two oxygen atoms) will share a
total of eight valence electrons, the equivalent of two double bonds.

Fluorine and Magnesium

Magnesium is a type of metal whereas fluorine is a nonmetal. Hence, this makes their
compound ionic.

5. Astatine (At) is an element below Iodine in the Periodic Table.

a) To what group does Astatine belong?

Astatine belongs in group 17.
b) Is Astatine likely to be a solid, liquid, or gas?
Astatine is likely to be solid.
c) Which should be more reactive, astatine or iodine? Explain your answer.

Iodine should be the most reactive due to the fact that breaking the bond requires
less energy as it goes down the column.