LEISHMANIASIS

BY:NAYELY GARCÍA, ESTEBAN

TORRES, YARA AÑAZCO, JUAN
EMILIO VINUEZA
INTRODUCTION
TD caused by different species of protozoa from the genus Leishmania.
Clinical manifestations vary depending on the species of Leishmania, but go from
cutaneous ulcers to multisistemic organ failure.
Leishmaniasis has 3 distinct presentations.

1 2
CUTANEOUS VISCERAL
LEISHMANIASIS LEISHMANIASIS

VECTOR:

3
MUCOCUTANEOUS PHLEBOTOMUS SPP.
LEISHMANIASIS AKA SANDFLIES. AND
LUTZOMYA
WHY IS IT A
NEGLECTED DISEASE?

At the moment, Leishmaniasis is among

the top ten neglected tropical diseases
with more than 12 million infected
people all over the world.

-0.9 to 1.6 million new cases every year.

-Between 20,000 and 30,000 deaths.

-350 million people at risk of infection.

WHY IS IT A NEGLECTED DISEASE?

Leishmaniasis is considered one of the most neglected diseases

because it is associated with poverty and lack or limited resources
for diagnosis, treatment and control of the infection

NEGATIVE ATTITUDE
KNOWLEDGE GAPS ABOUT

1 2
TOWARD MODERN
LEISHMANIASIS IN THE
MEDICINE WHICH IS
POPULATION
USED FOR TREATMENT

INACCESSIBILITY AND

3 LONG DISTANCES FROM

WHERE HEALTH SERVICE IS 4 TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

PROVIDED
 Factors involved
EPIDEMIOLOGY Poor Nutritional status
Age <5 years (for L. infantum infection)
HIV coinfection
CUTANEOUS Host immunogenetic factors
VISCERAL
LEISHMANIASIS
LEISHMANIASIS
Afghanistan Close to 13,000 incident cases of VL
Algeria were reported to the World Health
Brazil Organization in 2020
Colombia Middle East
Iraq Iran
Pakistan
The Syrian Arab Republic
LEISHMANIASIS IN ECUADOR (CASES)
CASES OF LISHMANIA IN ECUADOR
THROUGH TIME
IN THE PRESENT YEAR THERE ARE
SITLL NO CASES REPORTED OF
LEISHMANIASIS

PROVINCES MORE AFFECTED IN 2017:

LOS RIOS(432 CASES)
EL ORO(228 CASES)
PASTAZA (199 CASES)
MANABI (180 CASES)
SANTA ELENA (134 CASES)
TRANSMISSION

VECTOR FACTORS THAT RESERVOIRS

INFLUENCE
Sandflies-Phlebotomus spp. Human reservoirs
Climate change: Invasion and
Mostly between dusk and Animal reservoirs (dogs and
deforestation in the Amazon
dawn rodents)
Urbanization, human
Rare: IV drugs, blood displacement and tourism:
transfussion, congenital migration and exotic travel.
infection Wat: military deployment
TRANSMISSION

Sandflies sting a healthy person,

inoculating promastigotes.
Macrophages phagocytize
promastigotes, which then
develop into amastigotes.
Sandflies sting an infected
person and ingest macrophages
with amastigotes.
Amastigotes develop in the mid
gut into promastigotes and the
cycle repeats.
 PREVENTION
Vector control: insecticide bed nets
Reservoir contro: Animal control (L. infantum) mainly
dogs
Adequate management of infected people: rapid
diagnosis
Health education
Cover skin with clothes
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