3.

6 optimization part1
8 A piece of wire, 100 cm in length ,is divided into two parts.One part is bent to
功课 form a square of side x cm and other is bent to form a square of side
y cm.calculate the value of x for which the total area of the two squares is (i)
1 x 2 x
1 Sketch (i) y  (ii) ( x  3) x (iii) maximum (ii) minimum. （模仿 example 5.1）
x x2 1
9 A piece of wire of length 104cm,is bent to form a trapezium as shown in the
2 A piece of wire,360cm long,is used to make the twelve edges of a rectangular diagram. Find the value of x for which the area is maximum.
box in which the length is twice the breadth.Denoting the breadth of the box by
x cm and the height by h cm. Find the maximum volume of the box.
Ans:24000

3 The volume of a cylinder is 500 cm3 . r is the radius of the base. Find the value
of r which makes the surface area a minimum.
自测题
4 A closed container is in the shape of a cuboid with a base length twice its
x3
width, is to be made with 48m2 of thin metal sheets.find the maximum volume 10 find the asymptote of y  1  x 
1 3 x
of the cuboid. Ans= 21
3 1
11 Given S  ab ，where (b  1)(2  a)  2  0 and a  2 , find the minimum
5 An open cardboard box with a square base has a capacity of 4 m . Find the 3
2
dimensions if the area of the cardboard used is as small as possible. value of S . Answer=4
解答错了，我做成有盖的

6 A fence 8 m tall runs parallel to a tall building at a distance of 4 m from the

building,What is the length of the shortest ladder that will reach from ground
over the fence to the wall of the building? Ans=16.65
2
7 Two positive quantities p and q vary in such a way that p q  9 .Another

quantity z is defined by z  16 p  3q .Find the values of p that make z

a minimum. Ans:1.5
1
 3.6 optimization part1

3.6 absolute maximum/minimum and optimization

上一 chapter 我们连画图都会了，要找 absolute max/min 那不是问题。

怎样找 absolute maximum 和 minimum points

※example 1
※example 2
x 3 3x 2
Find the absolute maximum and minimum value of f ( x )    2x Find the absolute maximum and minimum value of function
3 2
f ( x )  3 x 4  2 x 3  6 x 2  6 x
Solution:

f ' ( x)  x 2  3 x  2  ( x  1)( x  2)

When f ' ( x )  0

( x  1)( x  2)  0
x  1 or x2
M1:用画表来看 shape( first derivative test)

M2:用二微来看 shape（2nd derivative test）

2
 3.6 optimization part1
※example 2.1
Closed interval method(封起来的东西必有 absolute max,min)
5 4
Given z  x  x , find absolute maximum and minimum values of z
※example 3
Method 1:（画表） Find the absolute maximum and minimum value of function

f ( x )  3 x 4  2 x 3  6 x 2  6 x ，2  x  2

Optimization 最优化
Method 2:(二次微分) fail!
简单而言，optimization 就是要找 absolute maximum/minimum
※example 4
A rectangle has a perimeter of 100 m.Find the length and width of the rectangle so
that the rectangle has a maximum area.

※example 4.1
3

An open paper box with a square base of side x cm is made from a vanguard
2
sheet of area 75cm .find the value of x for which the volume is maximum.
3.6 optimization part1
※example 4.2
From a rectangular piece of metal of width 2 m and length 6 m,two squares of side
x m and ( x  y ) m are removed as shown in diagram.the metal is then folded

about the dotted lines to give a closed box with height x m.

Find the value of x for which the volume of box is maximum.(3 significant figure)

4

如果太难二微，可以考虑画表(first derivative test)或者
closed interval method
※example 5
已知 Y 字形水泥预制品，规定高为 3.2m，宽为 2.4m，问 x 为多少时最省材料？
3.6 optimization part1
※example 6
A piece of wire 10 m long is cut into two pieces.one piece is bent into a square and
the other is bent into an equilateral triangle.How should the wire be cut so that
the total area enclosed is (i)maximum (ii)minimum?
Ans: use all wire for square, use 40 3 / (9  4 3) for square