𝗡𝗦𝗧𝗣 𝗥𝗘𝗩𝗜𝗘𝗪𝗘𝗥

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗗𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗙𝗜𝗟𝗜𝗣𝗜𝗡𝗢 𝗦𝗘𝗥𝗩𝗜𝗖𝗘

•𝗕 𝗔 𝗬 𝗔 𝗡 𝗜 𝗛 𝗔 𝗡- tradition among Filipinos shows community participation, democracy and

cooperation.

𝗦𝗣𝗔𝗡𝗜𝗦𝗛 𝗖𝗢𝗟𝗢𝗡𝗜𝗔𝗟 𝗔𝗗𝗠𝗜𝗡𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗥𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡

• 𝗣 𝗢 𝗟 𝗢 𝗦 𝗬 𝗦 𝗘 𝗥 𝗩 𝗜 𝗖 𝗜 𝗢 𝗨 𝗦- this policy or practice were used to compel the filipinos to

work in public works.

• 𝗣 𝗢 𝗟 𝗜 𝗦 𝗧 𝗔 𝗦- constructed churches, casas reales, roads and built or repaired ships.

𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗧𝗨𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗗𝗔𝗧𝗘

• all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, 𝙏𝙊 𝙍𝙀𝙉𝘿𝙀𝙍 𝙋𝙀𝙍𝙎𝙊𝙉𝘼𝙇
𝙈𝙄𝙇𝙄𝙏𝘼𝙍𝙔 𝙊𝙍 𝘾𝙄𝙑𝙄𝙇 𝙎𝙀𝙍𝙑𝙄𝘾𝙀𝙎. (1987 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏, 𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒍𝒆 2, 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 4)

• 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗴𝗻𝗶𝘇𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘃𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗵 𝗶𝗻 𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻-𝗯𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴. (1987 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏, 𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒍𝒆 2,
𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 13)

________________________________________________________
𝗡𝗦𝗧𝗣𝗔𝗰𝘁𝗼 𝗳 2 0 0 1

   𝙉𝙎𝙏𝙋𝙈𝙀𝘼𝙉𝙄𝙉𝙂: National Service Training Program

   - instituted by Government of the Philippines on 5 𝗝𝗔𝗡𝗨𝗔𝗥𝗬 2000 by virtue of 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰
𝗔𝗰𝘁 9163
   - otherwise known as the " National Services Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001."

𝙉𝙎𝙏𝙋𝘾𝙊𝙈𝙋𝙊𝙉𝙀𝙉𝙏𝙎𝘼𝙍𝙀:

• Civic Welfare Training Services ( CWTS )

• Literacy Training Service ( LTS )
• Reserve Officers' Training Corps ( ROTC )

LTS and CWTS program- are organized into the National Services Reserve Corps ( NSRC )

ROTC program- are organized into the Citizen Armed Force.

Legal Precedents to the National Service Training Program ( NSTP ) Act of 2001; These are
include:

• 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗻𝘄𝗲𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗵 𝗔𝗰𝘁 𝗡𝗼. 1

    - also known as " National Defense Act of 1935"
    - enacted by the National Assembly of Philippines on December 21 1935.
• 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗡𝗼. 1706
    - also known as " National Service Law"
    - signed into law on 8 August 1980.
• 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗔𝗰𝘁 7077
    - also known as " Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act"
    - was enacted by the 8th congress of the Philippines on June 27 1991.

________________________________________________________

𝗟𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗡 2: 𝙋𝙃𝙄𝙇𝙄𝙋𝙋𝙄𝙉𝙀 𝘾𝙊𝙉𝙎𝙏𝙄𝙏𝙐𝙏𝙄𝙊𝙉 𝙋𝙍𝙀𝘼𝙈𝘽𝙇𝙀 𝘼𝙉𝘿 𝘽𝙄𝙇𝙇 𝙊𝙁 𝙍𝙄𝙂𝙃𝙏𝙎

PREAMBLE

• Preambulus "walking before"

𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 1987 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘁𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

"𝘞 𝘦, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘴𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘦 𝘪𝘨𝘯 𝘍𝘪𝘭𝘪𝘱 𝘪𝘯 𝘰 𝘱𝘦𝘰𝘱𝘭𝘦 , 𝘪𝘮 𝘱𝘭𝘰𝘳𝘪𝘯 𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘢𝘪𝘥 𝘰𝘧 𝘈𝘭𝘮 𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘺 𝘎𝘰𝘥 , 𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘳
𝘣𝘶𝘪𝘭𝘥 𝘢 𝘫𝘶𝘴𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘩𝘶𝘮 𝘢𝘯𝘦 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦 𝘵𝘺, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘢𝘣 𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘩 𝘢 𝘎𝘰𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘯𝘮 𝘦𝘯𝘵
𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘴𝘩𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘰𝘥𝘺 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘢𝘭𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢𝘴𝘱𝘪𝘳𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴, 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘮𝘰𝘵𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘦
𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘰𝘯 𝘨𝘰𝘰𝘥, 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘦𝘳𝘷𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘦𝘷𝘦𝘭𝘰𝘱 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘱𝘢𝘵𝘳𝘪𝘮𝘰𝘯𝘺, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘴𝘦𝘤𝘶𝘳𝘦 𝘵𝘰
𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘭𝘷𝘦𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘰𝘶𝘳 𝘱𝘰𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘵𝘺, 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘣𝘭𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘱𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘯𝘤𝘦
𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘥𝘦𝘮𝘰𝘤𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘺 𝘶𝘯𝘥𝘦𝘳 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘶𝘭𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘭𝘢𝘸 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘢 𝘳𝘦𝘨𝘪𝘮𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘵𝘩,
𝘫𝘶𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘦, 𝘧𝘳𝘦𝘦𝘥𝘰𝘮, 𝘭𝘰𝘷𝘦, 𝘦𝘲𝘶𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘺, 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘱𝘦𝘢𝘤𝘦, 𝘥𝘰 𝘰𝘳𝘥𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘢𝘯𝘥
𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘮𝘶𝘭𝘨𝘢𝘵𝘦 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘶𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯."

𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗹𝗲:

  • Imploring the Aid of Divine Providence; Imploring the Aid of Almighty God (𝘮𝘰𝘳𝘦
𝘥𝘪𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘵 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭)
  • 1973 Preamble: General Welfare; 1987 Preamble: Common Good.
  • 1973 Preamble: The Patrimony; 1987 Preamble: Our Patrimony.
  
𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗱𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗹𝗲:

   • Independence
   • Truth
   • Aspirations
   • Rule of law
   • Love

________________________________________________________
𝗕𝗜𝗟𝗟 𝗢𝗙 𝗥𝗜𝗚𝗛𝗧𝗦:

    - Declaration of rights

    - Charter of Rights
    - 𝘢 𝘭𝘪𝘴𝘵 𝘰𝘧 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘰𝘴𝘵 𝘪𝘮𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘵 𝘳𝘪𝘨𝘩𝘵𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘻𝘦𝘯𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘢
𝘤𝘰𝘶𝘯𝘵𝘳𝘺.

𝗕𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗼𝗳 𝗥𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 ( 𝗔𝗿𝘁. 𝗜𝗜𝗜 𝗼𝗳 1987 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹. 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘁𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻)

𝗦𝗲𝗰. 1: life, liberty, or property

𝗦𝗲𝗰. 2: secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and
seizures
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 3: Privacy of communication and correspondence
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 4: No law shall be assed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press,
or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 5: No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 6: liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be
impaired
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 7: right of the people to information
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 8: right of the people; to form unions, associations, or societies
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 9: Private property shall not be taken for public use without just
compensation.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 10: No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 11: Free access to the courts and quasi judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 12: person under investigation; right to remain silent and to have competent and
independent counsel.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 13: The right to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas
corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 14: No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 15: writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 16: the right to a speedy disposition of their cases.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against
himself.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 18: No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political
beliefs and aspirations.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 19: Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading
or inhuman punishment inflicted.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 20: No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of
a poll tax.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 21: No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for
the same offense.
𝗦𝗲𝗰. 22: No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall been acted.

𝗗𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗽𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗶𝗻𝗼

1. 𝖳𝗈 𝖻𝖾 𝗅𝗈𝗒𝖺𝗅 𝗍𝗈 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝖱𝖾𝗉𝗎𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼.

2. 𝖳𝗈 𝖽𝖾𝖿𝖾𝗇𝖽 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝖲𝗍𝖺𝗍𝖾.
3. 𝖳𝗈 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗋𝗂𝖻𝗎𝗍𝖾 𝗍𝗈 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝖽𝖾𝗏𝖾𝗅𝗈𝗉𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍 𝖺𝗇𝖽 𝗀𝖾𝗇𝖾𝗋𝖺𝗅 𝗐𝖾𝗅𝖿𝖺𝗋𝖾 𝗈𝖿 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝖲𝗍𝖺𝗍𝖾.
4. 𝖳𝗈 𝗎𝗉𝗁𝗈𝗅𝖽 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗍𝗎𝗍𝗂𝗈𝗇 𝖺𝗇𝖽 𝗈𝖻𝖾𝗒 𝗅𝖺𝗐𝗌.
5. 𝖳𝗈 𝖼𝗈𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗋𝖺𝗍𝖾 𝗐𝗂𝗍𝗁 𝖽𝗎𝗅𝗒 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗍𝗎𝗍𝖾𝖽 𝖺𝗎𝗍𝗁𝗈𝗋𝗂𝗍𝗂𝖾𝗌.
6. 𝖳𝗈 𝖾𝗑𝖾𝗋𝖼𝗂𝗌𝖾 𝗋𝗂𝗀𝗁𝗍𝗌 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗉𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗂𝖻𝗅𝖾 𝖺𝗇𝖽 𝗐𝗂𝗍𝗁 𝖽𝗎𝖾 𝗋𝖾𝗀𝖺𝗋𝖽 𝖿𝗈𝗋 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝗋𝗂𝗀𝗁𝗍𝗌 𝗈𝖿𝗈𝗍𝗁𝖾𝗋𝗌. 7.𝖳𝗈
𝖾𝗇𝗀𝖺𝗀𝖾 𝗂𝗇 𝗀𝖺𝗂𝗇𝖿𝗎𝗅 𝗐𝗈𝗋𝗄.
8.𝖳𝗈 𝗋𝖾𝗀𝗂𝗌𝗍𝖾𝗋 𝖺𝗇𝖽 𝗏𝗈𝗍𝖾.

𝗗𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀:

𝖺.𝖳𝗈 𝗏𝗈𝗍𝖾 𝗁𝗈𝗇𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗅𝗒 𝖺𝗇𝖽 𝗐𝗂𝗌𝖾𝗅𝗒

𝖻.𝖳𝗈 𝗈𝖻𝖾𝗒 𝗅𝖺𝗐𝗌 𝗈𝖿 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝗅𝖺𝗇𝖽
𝖼.𝖳𝗈 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗉𝖾𝖼𝗍 𝗉𝗎𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼 𝖺𝗎𝗍𝗁𝗈𝗋𝗂𝗍𝗒
𝖽.𝖳𝗈 𝖻𝖾 𝗅𝗈𝗒𝖺𝗅 𝗍𝗈 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝖱𝖾𝗉𝗎𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼
𝖾.𝖳𝗈 𝖽𝖾𝖿𝖾𝗇𝖽 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝖬𝗈𝗍𝗁𝖾𝗋 𝗅𝖺𝗇𝖽
 𝖿.𝖳𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗒 𝗍𝖺𝗑𝖾𝗌 𝗍𝗈 𝗍𝗁𝖾 𝗀𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗋𝗇𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍
𝗀.𝖳𝗈 𝗍𝖺𝗄𝖾 𝖺𝖼𝗍𝗂𝗏𝖾 𝗂𝗇𝗍𝖾𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗍 𝗂𝗇 𝗅𝗈𝖼𝖺𝗅, 𝗇𝖺𝗍𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗅 𝖺𝗇𝖽 𝗂𝗇𝗍𝖾𝗋𝗇𝖺𝗍𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗅 𝖺𝖿𝖿𝖺𝗂𝗋𝗌

𝗥𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀:

𝖺.𝖭𝖺𝗍𝗎𝗋𝖺𝗅 𝗋𝗂𝗀𝗁𝗍𝗌
𝖻.𝖢𝗂𝗏𝗂𝗅 𝗋𝗂𝗀𝗁𝗍𝗌
𝖼.𝖯𝗈𝗅𝗂𝗍𝗂𝖼𝖺𝗅 𝗋𝗂𝗀𝗁𝗍𝗌
𝖽.𝖢𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗍𝗎𝗍𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗅 𝗋𝗂𝗀𝗁𝗍𝗌
𝖾.𝖲𝗍𝖺𝗍𝗎𝗍𝗈𝗋𝗒𝗋𝗂𝗀𝗁𝗍𝗌.

𝗜𝗦𝗦𝗨𝗘𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗥𝗜𝗚𝗛𝗧𝗦 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗜𝗣𝗣𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗦

1. Philippine War – Drug Campaign

2. Death Penalty
3. Lowering the Age of Criminal Liability
4. Freedom of Expression
5. Rights of the members of the LGBTI Community

𝗔𝗗𝗗𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡𝗔𝗟 𝗜𝗡𝗙𝗢𝗥𝗠𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗛𝗨𝗠𝗔𝗡 𝗥𝗜𝗚𝗛𝗧𝗦 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗜𝗣𝗣𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗦

1. Human rights can be classified as individual, collective, civil, political, economic, social and
cultural.

2. Article III of the 1987 Constitution also called as the Bill of Rights provides Filipino citizen’s
rights, protection and privileges.

3. In 2014, nearly 75,000 people filed for recognition as victims of human rights violations during
the implementation of the Martial Law.

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𝗟𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗻 4: 𝗙𝗹𝗮𝗴 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗰 𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀

𝗥𝗔 𝗡𝗼. 8491 𝗼𝗳 2002 :

     • Also known as (Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines).

𝗣𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗽𝗽𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗙𝗹𝗮𝗴

1. Our national flag is the symbol of our country.

2. A flag is a sacred and respected feature of the nation which it
represents.
3. The Philippine national flag is said to be the primary symbol of the
nation’s camaraderie, sovereignty, solidarity and unity. It is
therefore, the symbol of nationalism and patriotism in our country.
________________________________________________________
𝗙𝗹𝗮𝗴 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗼𝗹

1. The flag should be displayed in all government buildings, official residences, public plazas,
and schools every day throughout the year.

2. National Flag day and Independence Day are designated as flag

days.

3. In Section 9 of RA 8491, the Philippine flag must be permanently

hoisted and illuminated at night at the following locations:
    A. Malacañang Palace
    B. The Congress of the Philippine buildings (Senate and House of Representatives)
    C. Supreme Court of the Philippine Building
    D. The Rizal Monument
    E. Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite
    F. Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan
    G. Tomb of the unknown Soldiers in La Union,
    H. Libingan ng mga Bayani in Makati.
    I. Mausoleo de los Veteranos de la Revolucion
    J. All international ports of entry
    K. All other places as may be designated by the National Historical Commission of the
Philippines (NHCP).
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𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗵𝗶𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗔𝗰𝘁𝘀:

𝗦𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 34 𝗼𝗳 𝗥𝗔 8491 the flag cannot be used in the following rationales:

1. Defacing or ridiculing the flag by dipping the flag as a salute, or adding additional marks on
the flag;
2. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth, a covering, or as part of a costume or
a uniform;
3. As a trademark or for commercial or agricultural labels or designs;
4. As part of merchandise or in any advertisement or infomercial; and
5. As a pennant in the hood, side, back, and top of motor vehicles.

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𝗟𝗘𝗦𝗦𝗢𝗡 5: 𝗚𝗢𝗢𝗗 𝗖𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗭𝗘𝗡𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣 𝗩𝗔𝗟𝗨𝗘𝗦

𝗖𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗭𝗘𝗡𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣
    - 𝘊𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘻𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘩𝘪𝘱 𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘮 𝘥𝘦𝘯𝘰𝘵𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘮𝘦𝘮𝘣𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘩𝘪𝘱 𝘰𝘧 𝘢 𝘤𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘻𝘦𝘯 𝘪𝘯 𝘢
𝘱𝘰𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘢𝘭 𝘴𝘰𝘤𝘪𝘦𝘵𝘺, which membership implies, reciprocally, a duty of allegiance on the
part member and duty of protection on the part of the State.

𝗖𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗭𝗘𝗡
    - 𝘈 𝘤𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘻𝘦𝘯 𝘪𝘴 𝘢 𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘰𝘯 𝘩𝘢𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘵𝘪𝘵𝘭𝘦 𝘰𝘧 𝘤𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘻𝘦𝘯𝘴𝘩𝘪𝘱.

𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗜𝗖𝗟𝗘 𝗜𝗩, 𝗦𝗘𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 1 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 1987 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗦𝗧𝗜𝗧𝗨𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗜𝗗𝗘𝗡𝗧𝗜𝗙𝗜𝗘𝗦 𝗧𝗛𝗘

𝗙𝗢𝗟𝗟𝗢𝗪𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗔𝗦 𝗖𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗭𝗘𝗡𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗟𝗜𝗣𝗣𝗜𝗡𝗘𝗦:

1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of said Constitution;
2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines; those born before January
17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine Citizenship upon reaching the age of
majority;
3. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.
𝗚𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧 𝗜𝗗𝗘𝗔𝗟 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗬 𝗖𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗭𝗘𝗡
- patriotism to country
- love of country
- loyalty to God
- loyalty to country

𝗙𝗜𝗟𝗜𝗣𝗜𝗡𝗢 𝗖𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗭𝗘𝗡’𝗦 𝗟𝗢𝗬𝗔𝗟𝗧𝗬

- As a citizen, we have several objects of loyalty in our country, superiors or duly constituted
authorities, principle, our flag, our word of honor.

- Filipino may differ in physical features but they are bound by their love for the country they call
their own.

- Loyalty must be inspired by the respect and faith in the cause to which we
subscribe. It should not be servility or fanaticism.

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𝗔𝗖𝗤𝗨𝗜𝗥𝗜𝗡𝗚 𝗖𝗜𝗧𝗜𝗭𝗘𝗡𝗦𝗛𝗜𝗣:

1.There are two principles of citizenship in the world;

 - “jus solis” (by blood)
 - “jussanguinis” (by birth).

2. A baby who was born within the air space or within 12 nautical miles from the boarder of the
United States will automatically have US citizenship regardless of the parent’s nationality.

3. Commonwealth Act No. 473 provides the qualifications and processes for acquiring Filipino
citizenship.

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𝗟𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗻 6: 𝗩𝗼𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗖𝗶𝘁𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽 𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻?

- An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an

individual or multiple individuals to hold public office.