The first case of novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in the Philippines was last year, January 30,

2020, after it was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 (Edrada et al., 2020). The world came to
a halt. Employees and students were ordered to stay at home, and many cities were put on lockdown.
The situation leads people to turn to their electronic devices. Students were required to study online,
also known as online learning or e-learning, a synchronous or asynchronous environment wherein
students interact with instructors and other students at their own pace and location (Singh & Thurman,
2019). For the safety of everyone, it replaces the traditional method of learning during the COVID-19
pandemic. The adoption of online learning has widely spread over the last years due to its flexibility. In
addition, it provides easy and better access to a broader range of information, and it lessens financial
costs (Chen, 2010; Khurana, 2016).

On the other hand, parents have negative beliefs about the values and benefits of online
learning. Parents prefer traditional education as dangers and problems may arise in online learning, not
only to the student but also to their guardian. In the study of Dong et al. (2020), parents refused and
even turned down online learning for three primary reasons: the inadequacies of online learning, young
children's improper self-regulation, and a lack of time and professional knowledge in assisting children in
online classes. Besides these causes, they have been directly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which
has made them more resistant to online learning at home. Nouwen and Zaman (2018) indicate the vital
role of parents in preventing the harms of internet activities to children, such as establishing technology
use regulations and monitoring the media consumption of children.

Nasir et al. (2020) indicate in the study findings that adolescents may take up free time in
online learning during the COVID-19 outbreak to be accompanied, particularly in disciplines such as
Mathematics, English, and Natural Sciences that need high concentration. Furthermore, it is difficult to
comprehend and recognize hierarchical structures, language, and writing. The outcome of this research
also shows that when children are having trouble, they divert their focus to other activities, such as
online gaming. The study strongly supports the problem mentioned previously. If the child develops an
addiction, it will be a serious issue also. It is the cause for concern regarding the need for association in
children learning online; according to the study, some parents, especially mothers, were willing to give
up their jobs due mainly to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies also
revealed that online learning stresses parents, particularly parents of boys and that this affects their
toughness, causing them to pay more attention to boys than girls. The results of the study revealed that
children who learned online had a high level of dependence on their parents, which is common in
childhood because they are helpless in the face of challenges. Merriam-Webster (2021) defined
dependence as the quality or state of being influenced, obedience as an act or instance of obeying, and
compliance as an act or process of doing what you have been ordered to do. In this circumstance, the
parent acts as an authority figure over the child, influencing and regulating his or her behavior. Obedient
or compliant children are adolescent or school-aged children who are reliant on their parents. After all,
according to the findings of the aforementioned studies, teenagers and schoolchildren rely on their
parents for internet learning.