Table of Contents

Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Aim:................................................................................................................................................................................ 3

Key Objectives:.............................................................................................................................................................3

Learning outcomes and assessment criteria:...........................................................................................................4

Unit content:..................................................................................................................................................................5

Scheme of work............................................................................................................................................................6

Recommended text and links:....................................................................................................................................9

Teaching and Learning Activities.............................................................................................................................13

Assessment:................................................................................................................................................................14

ASSIGNMENT BRIEF................................................................................................................................................15
Introduction
This unit will provide learners with an understanding of the global environment
within which the travel and tourism sector operates. The unit examines the
historical evolution of tourism, the current structure of the tourism sector, the
external influences on tourism and the impact tourism has on host communities
and the environment.

Learners will also undertake an investigation of international and national

policies and assess their influence on the tourism sector. The effects of political
change on the sector’s operation will also be examined.

Aim:
This unit enables learners to gain understanding of the travel and tourism
sector, the influence of government, the effects of supply and demand, and the
impacts of tourism.

Key Objectives:
Understand the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector

Understand the influence of local and national governments and international

agencies on the travel and tourism sector

Understand the effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism sector

Understand the impacts of tourism.

Learning outcomes and assessment criteria:

On successful completion of this unit a learner will:

LO1 Understand the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector

1.1 Explain key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector
1.2 Explain the structure of the travel and tourism sector

LO2 Understand the influence of local and national governments and

international agencies on the travel and tourism sector

2.1 Analyse the function of government, government-sponsored bodies and

international agencies in travel and tourism
2.2 Explain how local and national economic policy influences the success of
the travel and tourism sector
2.3 Discuss the implications of political change on the travel and tourism sector
in different countries

LO3 Understand the effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism
sector

3.1 Explain factors affecting tourism demand

3.2 Explain how supply has changed to meet the effects of demand

LO4 Understand the impacts of tourism

4.1 Evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental and
social impacts of tourism
4.2 Explain strategies that can be used to minimise the negative impacts while
maximising the positive impacts
Unit content:
LO1 Understand the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector
History: pilgrimages, the grand tours, post-industrial revolution, post war,
current; factors facilitating growth e.g. technology, time, money, freedom of
movement, infrastructure, social conditions; possible future developments e.g.
sustainability

Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and
events; visitor attractions; accommodation services; passenger transport;
relationships and links, private, public and voluntary sectors

LO2 Understand the influence of local and national governments and

international agencies on the travel and tourism sector
Influence: direct, indirect; economic policy, political change, planning to
minimise negative effects of tourism

Government: levels e.g. local, regional, national, European Union; Government

sponsored bodies, regional tourist boards; functions, interrelationships

International agencies: agencies e.g. United Nations, World Tourism

Organisation, World Travel and Tourism Council, International Civil Aviation
Organisation, International Air Transport Association; functions,
interrelationships with governments

LO3 Understand the effects of supply and demand on the travel and
tourism sector
Demand: demographics; technological; emerging economies; political stability;
changing work patterns and workforce; environmentalism; globalisation; macro-
economic e.g. influence of currency exchange rates, interest rates, inflation,
level of disposable income

Supply: provision e.g. accommodation, tour operators, quality, service, types of

products, seasonality, technology intermediaries, sustainability

LO4 Understand the impacts of tourism

Positive: economic e.g. direct and indirect income, direct and indirect
employment, multiplier effects, contribution to gross national product, influence
on the growth of other sectors within the economy, generation of foreign
exchange and government revenues; environmental e.g. conservation and
enhancement of natural areas, historic and cultural sites, infrastructure
improvement, increasing environmental awareness by tourists and host
communities; social e.g. conservation/preservation of cultural heritage, cross
cultural exchange and education

Negative: economic e.g. leakage, inflation, seasonality, overdependence;

environmental e.g. pollution, damage to natural and built environment, wildlife,
water overuse, waste disposal; social e.g. loss of amenity to host community,
overcrowding, commercialisation of culture, reinforcement of stereotypes, loss
of authenticity, rise in crime
Recommended text and links:
Cooper, C, Fletcher J, Fyall A, Gilbert D, and Wanhill S. (2008) Tourism Principles and Practice 4 rd edition, Pearson
Davison, R. (1998) Travel and Tourism in Europe 2nd edition, Longman
Holloway, J. C. (2016) The Business of Tourism 10 th edition, Pearson
Lavery, P. (1996) Travel and Tourism 3rd edition ELM Publication
Likorish, L. ; Jenkins, C. (1995) An Introduction to Tourism, Butterworth- Heinemann
Oppermann, M. ; Cho, K. S (1997) Tourism in Developing Countries 1 st edition International Thomson Business Press
Sharpley, (1999) The Tourism Business: An introduction. Sunderland Business Education Publishers
Sharpley, (2006) Travel and Tourism 1st edition Sage Publication
Tribe, J. (2005) The Economics of Leisure and Tourism: Environments, Markets and impacts 3 rd edition, Butterworth- Heinemann
Inglis, K. (2000) The Delicious History of the Holiday, Routledge
Withey, L. (1998) Grand Tours and Cook’s Tours: A history of Leisure Travel 1750-1915. Aurums Press.8

Journals and newspapers and online resources

Annals of Tourism Research
Tourism Management
Travel Weekly www.travelweekly.co.uk
The Telegraph http://www.telegraph.co.uk/

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Association of British Travel Agents www.abta.com
Avis www.avis.co.uk
Heathrow Airport Holdings Limited www.heathrowairport.com
Cosmos www.cosmos.co.uk
Department for Culture, Media and Sports www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-culture-media-sport
English Heritage www.english-heritage.org.uk
ICAO www.icao.int
IATA www.iata.org
InterContinental Hotels Group www.ihg.com
National Statistics www.statistics.gov.uk
National Trust www.nationaltrust.org.uk
Natural England www.naturalengland.org.uk
Thomas Cook Group www.thomascookgroup.com
Tourism Society www.tourismsociety.org
TUI Group www.tuigroup.com
Thomas Cook www.thomascook.com
Visit Britain www.visitbritain.com
Whitbread Plc www.whitbread.co.uk
World Tourism Organisation www2.unwto.org
World Travel and Tourism Council www.wttc.org

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Teaching and Learning Activities
The module tutor(s) will aim to combine lectures with tutorial activities. This environment will provide opportunities for the student
to understand the course material through case study and text and to apply it in a practical way. The intent is to facilitate
interactive class activities and discussion about the significant role of research in a global and local business environment.

2.3 Teaching Ethos

The college’s approach towards teaching and learning is simple and effective. The main aim of UKCBC is to assist learners in
maximising their potential by ensuring that they are taught clearly and effectively. This will enable students to engage in the
learning environment and promote success in both their academic studies and subsequent career.

2.3.1 Methods of Delivery:

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LECTURES:
These will be developed around the key concepts as mentioned in the indicative course content and will use a range of live
examples and cases from business practice to demonstrate the application of theoretical concepts. This method is primarily used
to identify and explain key aspects of the subject so that learners can utilise their private study time more effectively.

SEMINARS:
These are in addition to the lectures. The seminars are designed to give learners the opportunity to test their understanding of
the material covered in the lectures and private study with the help of reference books. This methodology usually carries a set of
questions identified in advance. Seminars are interactive sessions led by the learners. This method of study gives the learner an
excellent opportunity to clarify any points of difficulty with the tutor and simultaneously develop their oral communication skills.

CASE STUDIES: An important learning methodology is the extensive use of case studies. They enable learners to apply the
concepts that they learn in their subjects. The learners have to study the case, analyse the facts presented and arrive at
conclusions and recommendations. This assists in the assessment of the learner’s ability to apply to the real world the tools and
techniques of analysis which they have learnt. The case study serves as a supplement to the theoretical knowledge imparted
through the course work.

Plagiarism:
Any act of plagiarism will be seriously dealt with according to the colleges and awarding bodies’ regulations. In this context the
definition and scope of plagiarism are presented below:
Plagiarism is presenting someone’s work as your own. It includes copying information directly from the web or books without
referencing the material; submitting joint coursework as an individual effort; copying another student’s coursework; stealing
coursework form another student and submitting it as your own work. Suspected plagiarism will be investigated and if found to
have occurred will be dealt with according to the college procedure. (For further details please refer to the plagiarism policy and
the student code of conduct.)

Assessment:
The module will be assessed meeting all the LO as specified by the awarding body, Pearson BTEC.
Please read the instructions carefully while addressing the tasks specified.

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Contribution: 100% of the module
Outline Details: Details enclosed in the assignment brief

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 ASSIGNMENT BRIEF
Unit Number and title 1 Travel and Tourism Sector
Qualification BTEC HND Travel and Tourism Management
Start Date 11/09/2017
Issue date: 11/09/2017
Deadline/ Hand-in 19/11/2017 (23:59)
Assessor

Purpose of the assignment:

This unit enables learners to gain understanding of the travel and tourism sector, the
influence of government, the effects of supply and demand, and the impacts of
tourism.

TASK 1 to TASK 4: You are required to follow the instructions as specified towards
each task and support with a research by using supportive materials like books,
websites, etc., and give a feedback on the findings by relating your arguments to the
relevant TUI Group as specified towards each task:

TUI Group is the world’s leading tourism business. TUI Group broad portfolio
consist of tour operators, 1,600 travel agencies and leading online portals, five
tour operator airlines with approximately 150 aircraft, over 300 hotels with
214,000 beds, 14 cruise liners and incoming agencies in all major holiday
destinations around the globe. The group provide over 30 million customers with
holiday experience in 180 regions. In financial year 2015/16, the TUI Group had
67,000 employees and turnover of around 17.2 billion euros.

LO1. Understand the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector

TASK 1 (LO1, AC1.1, 1.2, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
Eco-consultant is recruiting tour guide officers, project officer and executive officers for
TUI Group. You have been shortlisted and invited to an interview for the position of
project officer. A key part of the selection criteria is to demonstrate a good
understanding of the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector. You will be
making a poster presentation on the historical developments in the travel and tourism
sector. Your poster should include a timeline chart showing key historical
developments. You should also create a leaflet to explain the structure of the
travel and tourism sector. You need to carry out research using supportive materials
like books, websites, journals etc. and should be correctly referenced.
Your poster presentations should address 1.1 and a leaflet for 1.2:
1.1 – Explain key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector
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1.2 – Explain the structure of the travel and tourism sector.
TASK 2 (LO2, AC2.1, 2.2, 2.3, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
You have been employed as a Project officer in TUI Group in the United Kingdom; you
are planning for the new events to promote TUI Group tourism Businesses in China.
TUI Group is looking at expanding its operations in the Chinese market focusing mainly
on leisure and business tourists. You are attending a conference as a Project officer
to give a presentation on the function of government, government sponsored
bodies and international agency in travel and tourism sector, and how local and
national economic policy influences the success of the travel and tourism sector
in the UK. Your research assistant has brought the following articles which he thinks
may be helpful in your preparation.

(Article 1) London welcomes new visitor visas for Chinese tourists

Starting in 2016, new visitor visas for tourists from China will be valid in the UK for 2
years, which is 4 times the usual 6 month limit for standard visitor visas. There are also
plans to introduce a new 10 year multiple entry visit visa for Chinese tourists at no extra
cost.

The economic benefits for London’s tourism economy are expected to be significant.
Over the past five years (2009-2014), the number of Chinese visitors coming to London
has risen by 112 per cent. Spending over the same period has risen by 167 per cent
and forecasts for the next 8 years from Oxford Economics anticipate additional growth
of 77 per cent.

The national picture is also positive. Chinese tourists currently contribute £500 million
annually to the UK economy with record numbers visiting the UK to make the most of all
the retail opportunities and visitor attractions on offer – up 35% between April and June
this year compared to the same period in 2014, according to latest figures from
VisitBritain.

Prime Minister David Cameron said: “China is becoming one of our fastest-growing
tourism markets so making it easier and more convenient for Chinese visitors to come
to the UK is extremely important. That is why the announcement I’m making today is
great news for our tourism industry and great news for the British economy enabling us
to maximise Chinese spending power even further. It will mean that the UK has the best
offer in Europe for Chinese tourists and will build on our already strong people to people
links, strengthening UK-China relations further”

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Gordon Innes, CEO of London & Partners, the Mayor’s official promotional company for
London which runs VisitLondon.com said: “This is fantastic news for London and its
Chinese visitors, who are already coming to the capital in record numbers and spending
more than ever. Our visitor offering for the Chinese market spans a range of hospitality
services and user-friendly tools for Chinese visitors to get the most out of their visit,
from impeccable feng shui to congee at breakfast, Chinese-speaking staff, China Union
Pay facilities, translated audio guides and much more. London & Partners is working
closely with partners across the industry to promote the capital to Chinese tourists and
develop initiatives to boost the numbers of visitors coming to London from China in the
future.” You can follow this article by visiting: http://www.londonandpartners.com/media-
centre/press-releases/2015/20151021-london-welcomes-new-visitor-visas-for-chinese-
tourists

Article 2 Record number of Chinese tourists flocking to London after Brexit

sparks plunge in the pound

The plunge in the pound after the Referendum vote and a simpler visa system have
helped send flight bookings from China soaring

The number of Chinese flight bookings is up 81 per cent compared with January 2016,
with most planning trips in the run-up to the start of the Year of the Rooster on 28
January 2017. 

For the first three months of 2017, bookings are already 43 percent ahead of last year
according to the data from specialist travel analysts ForwardKeys.

Tourism chiefs point to the opening of new hotels, such as the five star Great Scotland
Yard Hotel and the huge budget hotel at the Trocadero on Piccadilly Circus, as well as
events marking the 125th anniversary of the publication of the first Sherlock Holmes
story and the Pink Floyd “blockbuster” exhibition at the V&A as reasons to hope that
London will retain its status as the world’s most visited city by overseas travellers in
2017.

They are particularly delighted with the jump in Chinese bookings after years of careful
courting of tour operators in the world’s most populous country, who have traditionally
favoured Paris over the London.

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Jo Leslie, who runs the Great Chinese Welcome Programme for the Government
agency VisitBritain, said: ”Chinese tourists in London spend twice as long as they do in
mainland Europe, spend twice as much money and the numbers are growing at twice
the rate.”

London is 11 per cent cheaper this year for Chinese visitors following the slump in the
value of the pound against the Yuan in the wake of the shock referendum result.

A major overhaul of the visa application process, including extending the life of visas
from six months to two years and the opening of new application centres, has also
encouraged visits from China.

You can read more at: http://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/record-number-of-

chinese-tourists-flocking-to-london-after-brexit-sparks-plunge-in-the-pound-
a3438751.html

You also have to present a summary of an article for publication in Travel and
Tourism magazine discussing the implications of political change on the travel
and tourism sector for example with reference to China and the United Kingdom.
You can also select different countries experiencing political change.

You need to carry out a research to support your findings by using supportive materials
like books, websites, etc., and give a feedback addressing 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3.

LO 2. Understand the influence of local and national governments and

international agencies on the travel and tourism sector

2.1 – Provide a power point presentation analysing the function of government,

government sponsored bodies and international agencies in travel and tourism. Please
use specific and relevant examples.
2.2- Make a power point presentation explaining how local and national economic
policy influences the success of the travel and tourism sector. Please provide examples
of specific local and national economic policies.
Your assessor may provide an observation record to confirm whether this has
been achieved.

2.3- Draft an article for publication in Travel and tourism magazine discussing the
implications of political change on the travel and tourism sector in different countries.
You need to include at least two countries. (Approx. 500 words)

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TASK 3 (LO3, AC3.1, 3.2, 3.3, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
In this task, you are part of the product development team at TUI Group one of the
leading tour operators in the world. There has been concern about the challenging
competitive environment faced by the tour operator’s industry. You are to produce an
information pack that could be given to a new manager who has recently joined TUI
Group product development team. In your pack, you must explain factors affecting
tourism demand in the travel and tourism sector and how supply has changed at TUI
Group to meet the effects of demand. Carry out research using supportive materials like
books, websites, etc., and give a feedback of the findings addressing P3.1, and P3.2
and submit a written management report. (Approx., 800 words)

LO 3. Understand the effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism
sector

3.1- Explain factors affecting tourism demand

3.2- Explain how supply has changed at TUI Group to meet the effects of demand

TASK 4 (LO1, AC4.1, 4.2, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
You have been further asked by your manager at TUI Group to carry out a detailed
research into the impact of TUI Group products in any two of the following tourist
destinations: Spain, Greece, Turkey, Thailand, and Egypt; the strategies that can be
used to minimise the negative impacts while maximising the positive impacts at the
tourist destinations. You will need to submit a written management report by using
supportive materials like books, websites, etc., and give a feedback addressing P4.1,
and P4.2. (Approx. 800 words).

LO 4. Understand the impacts of tourism

4.1 – Evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental and social
impacts of tourism with reference to TUI Group businesses

4.2 - Explain strategies that can be used to minimise the negative impacts while
maximising the positive impacts for example on TUI Group businesses.

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Assignment Guidelines:
 Use a standard report structure where requested, Word-process the report and
use a Normal script of a proper font size 12. Produce evidence as specified for
each task. Complete the title page
 It should be uploaded on ULearn platform before the deadline. Assignments
submitted after the deadline will not be accepted unless mitigating circumstances
supported by valid evidence.
 Collusion and Plagiarism must be avoided.
 Start each answer on a new page and pages should be numbered. Highlight
each question clearly.
 Your research should be referenced using the Harvard referencing system.
 In order to pass you need to address all the learning outcomes and associated
assessment criteria for a pass.
 In order to get a merit you need to first pass and then address the characteristics
of M1, M2, M3
 In order to get a Distinction you need to first pass, address all the merit
characteristics and then address the characteristics of D1, D2 and D3.

Plagiarism:
Any act of plagiarism will be seriously dealt with according to the colleges and awarding
bodies’ regulations. In this context the definition and scope of plagiarism are presented
below:
Plagiarism is presenting someone’s work as your own. It includes copying information
directly from the web or books without referencing the material; submitting joint
coursework as an individual effort; copying another student’s coursework; stealing
coursework from another student and submitting it as your own work. Suspected
plagiarism will be investigated and if found to have occurred will be dealt with according
to the college procedure. (For further details please refer to the plagiarism policy and
the student code of conduct.)

15
Commonly use command words
Analyse These tasks require you to explore the different aspects of an issue,
considering the relative significance of each. You would normally need
to explore causal relationships, examining how an action will lead to a
particular reaction. This type of task would not normally require you to
make judgements, but rather to drill down into an issue, exploring
relationships in depth.
Assess This requires you to weigh up the positive and negative aspects of
something. Alternatively, it might require you to explore the important
and unimportant aspects of an argument. You should build these
strands into a balanced argument before reaching a final balanced
conclusion.
Compare Identify similarities and differences between two or more factors
Critically This is when you have to explore the strengths and weaknesses of the
analyse ideas of a theorist or claims made by a professional body before
reaching a final, balanced conclusion. You would normally begin by
presenting the initial idea and arguments in favour of it, before
introducing contradictory arguments. When you present the arguments,
you should present their relative merits (e.g. their strengths and
weaknesses) before summarising your arguments and reaching a final
conclusion.
Discuss Consider different aspects of a theme or topic, how they interrelate, and
the extent to which they are important.
Evaluate This type of question will require you to give an opinion on an issue,
which you should support with relevant evidence. You should ensure
that your response provides a balanced view of the issue, exploring
points for and against your argument. This should lead to an overall
conclusion where you summarise your main arguments and explain how
you have come to your final decision.
Explain To give an account of the purposes or reasons
Justify Learners give reasons or evidence to:
● support an opinion
● prove something is right or reasonable.

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 Assessment criteria for a pass
Assessment In this assessment you will have the Task
Learning Criteria opportunity to present evidence that Number
Outcome shows you are able to:

LO 1: Understand the history and 1.1 Explain key historical developments in the 1
structure of the travel and tourism sector travel and tourism sector.
1.2 Explain the structure of the travel and 1
tourism sector.
LO2: Understand the influence of local 2.1 Analyse the function of government, 2
and national governments and government sponsored bodies and
international agencies on the travel and international agencies in travel and
tourism sector tourism
2.2 Explain how local and national economic 2
policy influences the success of the travel
and tourism sector
2.3 Discuss the implications of political 2
change on the travel and tourism sector in
different countries
LO3: Understand the effects of supply 3.1 Explain factors affecting tourism demand 3
and demand on the travel and tourism
sector 3.2 Explain how supply has changed to meet 3
the effects of demand
LO 4: Understand the impacts of tourism 4.1 Evaluate the main positive and negative 4
economic, environmental and social
impacts of tourism
4.2 Explain strategies that can be used to 4
minimise the negative impacts while
maximising the positive impacts

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Guidance in addition to the Pass criteria’s, this assignment gives you the opportunity to submit evidence in order to
achieve the following Merit and Distinction grades.

Merit Description:
M1. Identify and apply . Effective judgments have been
strategies to find made.
appropriate solutions. . An effective approach to study and
research has been used.
M2. Select/ design and . A range of sources of information
apply appropriate methods/ used.
techniques.
. Appropriate structure and
M3. Present and approach has been used.
communicate appropriate . A range of methods of
findings. presentation has been used.
. Logical and coherent arguments
made.
Distinction Description:
D1. Use critical reflection to .Evaluation has taken place using
evaluate own work and defined criteria
justify valid conclusion.
Synthesis has been used to
generate and justify valid conclusion
To achieve M1, you will make effective judgements (4.1)
and an effective approach to study with good research
skills being used across the written management report
on the impacts of tourism with reference to the case
study TUI Group (4.1).
To achieve M2 you will have used a range of sources
information evidenced and correctly referenced in your
poster, leaflet, P owerpoint presentation, draft articles
and management report.
To achieve M3 the work you present should be
appropriate and the presentation and communication of
tasks 1 to 4 should be appropriately structured
addressing the Learning outcomes as specified with
appropriate findings with special reference to the travel
and tourism sector and a range of methods of
presentation has been used across the assignment with
reference to the case study TUI Group.
To achieve D1 you would have addressed the criteria
with valid conclusions, justifying improvements and
characteristics of success towards understanding
different perspectives of tourism in any of (2.1, 2.3, 4.1,
4.2)

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D2. Take responsibility for . Autonomy/independence To achieve D2 you will have demonstrated autonomy
managing and organising demonstrated. across your assignment, with effective independent
activities. research and met the deadlines to submit all the tasks
and achieve the unit assessment criteria.
D3.Demonstrate . Ideas generate and decisions To achieve D3, your work would need to demonstrate
convergent, lateral and taken new ideas or suggestions for the improvement on the
creative thinking . Receptiveness to new ideas has impacts of tourism (4.1) and strategies to minimise
demonstrated. negative impacts while maximising positive impacts (4.2)
and your research shows creative thinking and
receptiveness to new ideas making it look different and
creative.

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Evidence Summary of evidence required by student Evidence presented
checklist
Task 1 Poster Presentations, leaflet

Task 2 Observation record, PowerPoint slides or

presentation notes, draft magazine article
Task 3 Written management report

Task 4 Written management report

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