Solve the following problems.

1. Given the following reaction: N a2 S 2 O 3 + AgBr → NaBr + N a3 [ Ag ( S2 O 3 )2 ]

a. How many moles of N a2 S 2 O3 are needed to react completely with 42.7 g of AgBr ?
Solution:
First, we should balance the given chemical equation:
N a2 S 2 O3 + AgBr → NaBr + N a3 [ Ag ( S2 O3 )2 ]
2 N a2 S2 O3 +1 AgBr → 1 NaBr+ 1 N a3 [ Ag ( S 2 O3 )2 ]
2 N a2 S2 O3 + AgBr → NaBr+ N a 3 [ Ag ( S 2 O3 ) 2]

Then, compute for the molar mass of AgBr , as follows:

molar mass of AgBr= ( atomic weight of Ag ) + ( atomic weight of Br )=(107.87 g /mol)+(79.90 g/mol)=1

After that, convert the mass of AgBr to its number of moles to number of moles of
N a2 S 2 O3 , as follows:
1 mol AgBr 2mol N a 2 S2 O 3 ( 42.7 ) (2 mol N a2 S 2 O3 )
42.7 g AgBr × × = =0.4 5 mol N a2 S 2 O 3
1 87.77 g AgBr 1mol AgBr (1 87 .77)

Hence, to react completely with 42.7 g of AgBr , 0. 45 moles of N a2 S 2 O3 are needed.

b. What is the mass of NaBr that will be produced from 42.7g of AgBr ?
Solution:
Using the above computed balanced chemical equation:
2 N a2 S2 O3 + AgBr → NaBr+ N a 3 [ Ag ( S 2 O3 ) 2]

First, we should compute the molar mass of NaBr and AgBr , as follows:
molar mass of Na Br=( atomic weight of Na )+ ( atomic weight of Br )=( 22.99 g /mol )+(79.90 g /mol)=1
molar mass of AgBr= ( atomic weight of Ag ) + ( atomic weight of Br )=(107.87 g /mol)+(79.90 g/mol)=1

Then, convert the mass of AgBr to its number of moles to the number of moles of Na Br
to the mass of NaBr , as follows:
1 mol AgBr 1 mol NaBr 102.89 g NaBr ( 42.7 ) (102.89 g NaBr )
42.7 g AgBr × × × = =23.40 g Na Br
187.77 g AgBr 1 mol AgBr 1 mol NaBr (1 87.77)
Therefore, from a 42.7 g of AgBr , an amount of 2 3 . 40 g of NaBr will be produced.

2. K O2 is used in a closed-system breathing apparatus. It removes carbon dioxide and

water from exhaled air. The reaction for the removal of water is:
K O2+ H 2 O →O2 + KOH . The KOH produced is used to remove carbon dioxide by the
following reaction: KOH +C O2 → KHC O3.
a. What mass of K O2 produces 235 g of O2?
Solution:
First, we should balance the given chemical equation:
K O2+ H 2 O →O2 + KOH
4 K O2 +2 H 2 O → 3O2 + 4 KOH
4 K O2 +2 H 2 O →3 O2 + 4 KOH

Then, compute for the molar mass of both K O2 and O2, as follows:
molar mass of K O 2=( atomic weight of K )+ 2 ( atomic weight of O )=(39.10 g /mol)+ 2(16.00 g /mol)=(3
molar mass of O2=2 ( atomic weight of O ) =2(16.00 g /mol)=32.00 g/mol

After that, convert the mass of O2 to its number of moles to the number of moles of
K O2 to the mass of K O 2, as such:
1 mol O2 4 mol K O 2 71.10 g K O2 ( 235 )( 4)(71.10 g O2) 66 834 g O 2
235 g O2 × × × = = =696.19 g O 2
32.00 g O2 3 mol O 2 1 mol K O2 ( 32.00 ) (3) 96.00

Hence, to produce 235 g of O2, an amount of 696. 16 g of O 2 is needed.

b. What mass of C O2 can be removed by 123 g of K O 2?

Solution:
First, we should balance the given chemical equations, as follows:
K O2+ H 2 O →O2 + KOH
4 K O2 +2 H 2 O → 3O2 + 4 KOH
4 K O2 +2 H 2 O →3 O2 + 4 KOH

KOH +C O2 → KHC O3
1 KOH +1C O 2 →1 KHC O3

Then, compute for the molar mass of both K O2, KOH and C O2 as follows:
molar mass of K O 2=( atomic weight of K )+ 2 ( atomic weight of O )=(39.10 g /mol)+ 2(16.00 g /mol)=(3
molar mass of KOH= ( atomic weight of K ) + ( atomic weight of O ) + ( atomic weight of H )=(39.10 g /mol
molar mass of C O 2=( atomic weight of C )+ 2 ( atomic weight of O )=(12.01 g/mol)+2(16.00 g /mol)=44

After that, convert the mass of K O 2 to its number of moles to the number of moles of
KOH to the number of moles of C O2 to the mass of C O2, as such:
1 mol K O2 4 mol KOH 1 mol C O2 44.01 g C O 2 ( 123 )(44.01 g C O2 )
123 g K O 2 × × × × = =76.14 g C
71.10 g K O2 4 mol K O2 1 mol KOH 1mol C O 2 (71.10)

Hence, an amount of 76.14 g of C O 2 can be removed by 123 g of K O 2.

3. One mole of aspartame (C 14 H 18 N 2 O 5) reacts with two moles of water to produce one
mole of aspartic acid (C 4 H 7 N O4 ), one mole of ethanol (C H 3 OH ) and one mole of
phenylalanine.
a. What is the molecular formula of phenylalanine?
C 9 H 11 N O2
b. What mass of phenylalanine is produced from 378 g of aspartame?
Solution:
With the given description, the balanced chemical equation should be as follows:
C 14 H 18 N 2 O5 +2 H 2 O →C 4 H 7 N O4 +C H 3 OH +C9 H 11 N O 2

Next, we should compute for the molar mass of C 14 H 18 N 2 O 5 and C 9 H 11 N O2, as

follows:
molar mass of C14 H 18 N 2 O5=14 ( atomic weight of C )+ 18 ( atomic weight of H ) +2 ( atomic weight of N )

molar mass of C 9 H 11 N O2=¿ 9 ( atomic weight of C )+11 ( atomic weight of H )+ ( atomic weight of N ) +2

After that, convert the mass of C 14 H 18 N 2 O5 to its number of moles to the number of
moles of C 9 H 11 N O2 to the mass of C 9 H 11 N O 2, as such:
1mol C 14 H 18 N 2 O 5 1 mol C9 H 11 N O 2 165.21 g C 9 H 11 N O2 (378 ) (165.
378 g C14 H 18 N 2 O 5 × × × =
294.34 g C14 H 18 N 2 O5 1 mol C14 H 18 N 2 O5 1 mol C9 H 11 N O2 (2

Hence, 21 2. 16 g of phenylalanine (C 9 H 11 N O2) is produced from 378 g of

aspartame.

4. From the reaction: B2 H 6 +O2 → HB O 2+ H 2 O

a. What mass of O 2 will be needed to burn 36.1 g of B2 H 6 ?
Solution:
First, we should balance the given chemical equation:
B2 H 6 +O2 → HB O2+ H 2 O
1 B2 H 6 +3 O2 → 2 HB O2+ 2 H 2 O
B2 H 6 +3 O 2 →2 HB O 2 +2 H 2 O

Then, compute for the molar mass of both B2 H 6 and O 2, as follows:

molar mass of B2 H 6 =2 ( atomic weight of B ) +6 ( atomic weight of H )=2(10.81 g /mol)+6(1.01 g/ mol)=
molar mass of O2=2 ( atomic weight of O ) =2(16.00 g /mol)=32.00 g/mol

After that, convert the mass of B2 H 6 to its number of moles the number of moles of
O2 to the mass of O2, as such:
1mol B2 H 6 3 mol O2 32.00 g O2 (36.1 ) (3)(32.00 g O2)
36.1 g B2 H 6 × × × = =1 25 . 20 gO 2
27.68 g B 2 H 6 1 mol B2 H 6 1 mol O2 (27.68)
 Hence, 12 5. 20 g of O 2 will be needed to burn 36.1 g of B2 H 6 .

b. How many moles of water are produced from 19.2 g of B2 H 6 ?

Solution:
First, we should balance the given chemical equation:
B2 H 6 +O2 → HB O2+ H 2 O
1 B2 H 6 +3 O2 → 2 HB O2+ 2 H 2 O
B2 H 6 +3 O 2 →2 HB O 2 +2 H 2 O

Then, compute for the molar mass of B2 H 6 , as follows:

molar mass of B2 H 6 =2 ( atomic weight of B ) +6 ( atomic weight of H )=2(10.81 g /mol)+6(1.01 g/ mol)=

After that, convert the mass of B2 H 6 to its number of moles the number of moles of
H 2 O , as such:
1mol B2 H 6 2 mol H 2 O ( 19.2 ) (2 mol H 2 O)
19.2 g B2 H 6 × × = =1.3 9 mol H 2 O
27.68 g B 2 H 6 1 mol B2 H 6 (27.68)

Hence, 1.39 mol of H 2 O are produced from 19.2 g of B2 H 6 .

5. Write the balanced chemical equations of each reaction:

a. Calcium carbide (CaC 2) reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide ( Ca ( OH )2 ) and
acetylene gas (C 2 H 2).
CaC 2 + H 2 O →Ca (OH )2+C 2 H 2
1 CaC 2+2 H 2 O→ 1Ca(OH )2 +1 C2 H 2
CaC 2 +2 H 2 O →Ca(OH )2 +C 2 H 2

b. When potassium chlorate ( KCl O 3) is heated, it decomposes to form KCl and

oxygen gas (O2).
KCl O 3 → KCl+O 2
2 KClO3 →2 KCl+3 O2
2 KClO3 →2 KCl+3 O2

c. C 6 H 6 combusts in air.
C 6 H 6 +O2 →C O2 + H 2 O
2 C6 H 6 +15 O2 → 12C O2 +6 H 2 O
2 C6 H 6 +15 O2 → 12C O2 +6 H 2 O

d. C 5 H 12 O combusts in air.
C 5 H 12 O+O2 →C O2 + H 2 O
2 C5 H 12 O+15 O 2 → 10C O2+12 H 2 O
2 C5 H 12 O+15 O2 → 10C O2+12 H 2 O