fhyg;Nghf;fpy; gy fhuzq;fshy; ghlrhiyfSf;F ,ilNa vOe;j NtWghLfs; ngw;Nwhu;fs; jq;fs; Foe;ijfSf;fhd

rpwe;j ghlrhiyfisj; Njbr; nry;y Ntz;ba fl;lhak; Vw;gl;lJ. Gj;jprhypj;jdkhd khztu;fis rYif ngw;w
ghlrhiyfSf;F mioj;Jr; nry;tjw;Fk;> gy;fiyf;fofq;fSf;F rpwe;j khztu;fisj; Nju;e;njLg;gjw;Fk; nghJj;
Nju;Tfisg; gad;gLj;Jk; fy;tp mjpfhupfs; ,d;W ek; ehl;by; kpfTk; Nju;T rhu;e;j ghlrhiyf; fy;tp Kiwiaf;
nfhz;L te;Js;sdu;. ghuk;gupa> mwpT rhu;e;j nghJj; Nju;Tfspy; khztu;fs; ngw;w ntw;wpfs; ,e;jg;
gpd;dzpapy; ghlrhiy cw;gj;jpj; jpwidj; jPu;khdpf;Fk; xNu fhuzpahf khwpajhy;> ghlrhiyf; fy;tpf;F
nghWg;ghdtu;fs;> 21-k; Njjpapd; rthy;fis vjpu;nfhs;sf;$ba jpwikahd Fbkfid cUthf;Fk; Kf;fpa gq;if
gbg;gbahf kwe;Jtpl;ldu;.

,d;iwa ghlrhiy Mrpupau;fs; khztu;fSf;F tp\aq;fisg; ngauplNth> Fwpg;gplNth my;yJ gl;bayplNth my;yJ tp\
aq;fis tiuaWf;fNth> tptupf;fNth my;yJ tpsf;fNth fw;gpf;fpwhu;fs;. fw;wy; kw;Wk; fw;gpj;jYf;fhd Gjpa
jpwd; mbg;gilapyhd mZFKiwf;F Mrpupau;fis mioj;Jr; nry;y mjpfhupfs; nrYj;Jk; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l ftdk;>
njhopy;Jiwf;F Ke;ija kw;Wk; njhopy;Jiw fhyq;fspy; KiwNa gpugykhf ,Ue;j tpupTiu Kiw my;yJ
ciuahly;/fye;Jiuahly; KiwAld; xl;bf;nfhs;s mDkjpj;jJ. Gjpa mwpT rfhg;jj;jpy; Kd;Df;F te;j Ma;tpd;
topapyhd mDgt Kiwfis Gwf;fzpj;jy;.

jq;fs; khztu;fspd; fPo;epiy kd jpwd;fis tsu;g;gjpy; <Lgl;Ls;s Mrpupau;fs;> md;iwa jpdk; milahsk;
fhzg;gl;l cs;slf;fj;ij toq;Ftjd; %yk; jq;fs; ghlq;fisj; njhlq;Ffpd;wdu;. gpd;du; mtu;fs; tFg;ig xU FO
eltbf;ifapy; <LgLj;Jfpwhu;fs;> khztu;fs; jhq;fs; fw;Wf;nfhz;lijg; gapw;rp nra;a mDkjpf;fpwhu;fs;. ,t;tif
nray;> fw;wtu;fs; Vw;fdNt ,Uf;Fk; mwpitj; jhz;br; nry;tijj; jLf;fpwJ. Mrpupau;fSk; jhq;fs; nray;ghL
rhu;e;j Kiwapy; <LgLtjhf jtwhf ek;GtJ> fy;tpapy; vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLk; Kd;Djhuz khw;wj;ij
jhkjg;gLj;JfpwJ.

ghuk;gupa fw;gpj;jy; KiwfSf;Fg; gof;fg;gl;l xU rpy Mrpupau;fs; kl;LNk Nkw;fz;lthW nray;gl;lhYk;>

ngUk;ghd;ikahdtu;fs; ,d;Dk; Fiwe;jgl;rk; ,e;j epiyia milatpy;iy. ,e;j Mrpupau;fs; khztu;fis nghJj;
Nju;TfSf;Fj; jahu;gLj;j ghlg;Gj;jfk;> Mrpupau; cUthf;fpa Fwpg;Gfs; my;yJ khjpupf; Nfs;tpfSf;fhd
gjpy;fisg; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdu;. ,d;W re;ijapy; Vuhskhff; fhzg;gLk; FWk; Nehl;Lg; Gj;jfq;fs;> xU rpW
Fwpg;gpd; Nehf;fk; my;yJ ,izf;fg;gl;l tp\aj;ijg; gw;wpa Gupjy; ,y;yhky; khztu;fis Nehl;Lfisg; gbf;f
itf;fpd;wd. ,e;j Nahridfis guPl;ir kz;lgj;jpy; kPz;Lk; cUthf;Ftjd; %yk;> mj;jifa khztu;fs; Nghl;bj;
Nju;Tfspy; ntw;wp ngWtJ kl;Lky;yhky;> mjpf mwpTrhu; jpwd; nfhz;l FOthf mq;fPfhuk;
ngWfpwhu;fs;. ,e;j tif fw;wypd; jPikfs; Fwpj;J fy;tpahsu;fs; kw;Wk; nghJkf;fs; gy Gfhu;fis mspj;jhYk;>
rPuhd MSikf;fhf tsUk; rpy khztu;fis fLikahf Vkhw;Wk; eilKiw ,d;Wtiu njhlu;fpwJ.

,d;iwa Mrpupau;fs;> njupe;jtw;iwj; jf;fitj;Jf;nfhs;sTk;> Kd;dNu jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;lijf; fw;Wf; nfhs;sTk;>

cs;sijf; fl;likf;fTk; jq;fs; khztu;fis topelj;Jfpwhu;fs;. ,e;j tif eltbf;if khztu;fis cz;ikfis kdg;ghlk;
nra;J> ,ae;jpu kw;Wk; NkNyhl;lkhd fw;wYf;F gof;fg;gLj;JfpwJ> mJTk; ePz;l fhyk; ePbf;fhJ. ,r;R+oypy;
cs;s khztu;fs;> xt;nthU gpur;ridapd; ntt;NtW mk;rq;fisg; gfpu;e;Jnfhz;L> FOr; R+oypy; Gjpa mwpitAk;
mu;j;jj;ijAk; NjLtjd; %yk; gpur;rpidfisj; jPu;f;f Ntz;ba 21Mk; E}w;whz;bd; fw;wy; R+oYf;F mbnaLj;J
itf;fj; jtWfpwhu;fs;. kpfTk; rpf;fyhd kw;Wk; Mw;wy;kpf;fjhf khwpf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; etPd rKjhaj;jpy;
ntw;wpngw> khztu;fs;> mwpag;gl;ltw;iwj; jpUj;jTk;> jPu;khdpf;fg;glhjtw;iw Muha;e;J> vd;dthf ,Uf;ff;
$Lk; vd;gijf; fl;likf;fTk; gof;fg;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; tho;ehs; KOtJk; fw;wYf;fhd cWjpahd mbj;jsj;ij cUthf;f
Ntz;Lk;.

cau; nray;jpwd; nfhz;ltu;fs;

ghlrhiy kw;Wk; gy;fiyf;fofj; Nju;Tfspy; mjpf Nju;r;rp ngw;wtu;fs; Fwpj;J elj;jg;gl;l Ma;Tfs;> Mz;
khztu;fSld; xg;gpLk; NghJ ngz; khztu;fs; kpfTk; rpwg;ghfr; nray;gLfpwhu;fs; vd;gij ntspr;rj;jpw;Ff;
nfhz;L tUfpwJ. Nfl;gJ kl;LNk fw;wy; Kiwahf ,Uf;Fk; ,d;iwa tFg;giwfspy; mjpf rfpg;Gj;jd;ik nfhz;l
ngz;fs; rpwg;ghf nray;gLtjpy; Mr;rupakpy;iy. ghu;j;J my;yJ nra;tjd; %yk; rpwg;ghff; fw;Fk; kw;w tif
khztu;fs; Nfl;gij tpUk;gj;jfhj mDgtkhff; fhz;fpwhu;fs;. khztu;fspd; fw;wiy Mjupf;f gy ehLfSk; gy
Ez;zwpT Nfhl;ghLfis guprPypj;J tUk; ,t;Ntisapy;> nrtpg;Gyd;> fhl;rp kw;Wk; njhl;Lzuf;$ba %d;W
Kf;fpa tif fw;gtu;fSf;F Nghjpa ftdk; nrYj;Jtjw;F ekJ fy;tp Kiw vjpu;nfhs;Sk; rpukq;fs; cz;ikapy;
kdtUj;jkspf;fpd;wd. Mz; Foe;ijfspd; MSikia tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;s mjpf Mz; Mrpupau;fspd; njhlu;Gk; Njit. ekJ
ghlrhiyfspy; ngz; Mrpupau;fs; Mz; Mrpupau;fis tpl mjpfkhf ,Ug;gJk;> ,e;j epiyia Nghf;f nfhs;if
tFg;ghsu;fs; eltbf;if vLf;fj; jtWtJk;> ghlrhiyf; fy;tpapy; fhzg;gLk; ,e;j ghypd NtWghl;il NkYk;
Nkhrkhf;FfpwJ.

nra;tjd; %yk; fw;Fk; ehl;lk; nfhz;l rpWtu;fs; ,d;iwa fy;tpapy; kpfTk; Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;l FOthf khwptpl;ldu;.
midj;J Foe;ijfSk; gy;fiyf;fof Nru;f;iff;F jFjp ngWtijg; NghyNt fy;tp rhu;e;jtu;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W
vjpu;ghu;g;gJ> tpku;rd rpe;jidapy; tYtw;w tyJ %is Foe;ijfSf;F fzpjj;ij fl;lha ghlkhf fUJtJ> fw;wy; kw;Wk;
fw;gpj;jypy; Ma;T-jiyikapyhd Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;l mZFKiwfspy; kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l ftdk; nrYj;Jjy;.
Njrj;jpw;Fr; nrhj;jhf ,Uf;Fk; rupahd %is> gilg;ghw;wy; nfhz;l khztu;fis kdr;Nrhu;tilar; nra;jpUg;gjd;
%yk; fw;gtu;fs; gyd; ngwyhk;. ntspNawpa ehLfs; ,e;j khztu;fis rupahd %is Mrpupau;fSld; ,izj;J mtu;fis
tsu;f;f eltbf;if vLf;fpd;wd> ekJ ghlrhiyfs; ghuk;gupa tFg;giw mikg;Gfspy; ,lJ %isAld; Nghl;bapl mtu;fis
epu;ge;jpf;fpd;wd.

njhopy;El;gk; kw;Wk; njhopw;fy;tpf;F ,d;W jpwe;jpUf;Fk; topfisg; nghUl;gLj;jhky;> gyu; ,d;Wk;

ghlrhiyf; fy;tpia khztu;fis Ntiy cyfpw;F jahu;gLj;Jtjw;fhd xU topahf fUJfpd;wdu;. vt;thwhapDk;>
ghlrhiyf; fy;tpapd; cz;ikahd Nehf;fk;> ,isQu;fs; jq;fs; vjpu;fhyj;jpw;fhf mtu;fs; Nju;e;njLf;Fk; tho;f;ifapd;
ve;jj; JiwapYk; ntw;wpngw xU mbj;jsj;ij toq;FtjhFk;.

ghlrhiyf; fy;tpia Kbf;Fk; khztu;fspy; ngUk;ghd;ikahdtu;fs; Ntiytha;g;ig ehLfpd;wdu; my;yJ jq;fSf;F

tpUg;gkhd njhopYf;Fj; jahuhtjw;F VNjDk; xU njhopw;fy;tp my;yJ njhopy;Kiwf; fy;tpj; jpl;lj;jpy;
NrUfpd;wdu;.
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Nju;e;njLf;fpwhu;fs;> ,d;Dk; rpyu;> Fwpg;ghfg; ngz;fs;> ,ijnay;yhk; kWf;Fk; jq;fs; kfpo;r;rpahd FLk;g
tho;f;iff;fhd fdTfis edthf;f> tPl;Lg;gf;fk; Nru tpUk;Gfpwhu;fs;. midj;J khztu;fSk; jq;fs; vjpu;fhyj;jpw;fhfj;
Nju;e;njLf;Fk; tho;f;ifapd; ntt;NtW epiyfspy; ntw;wpngw> Gjpa kpy;ypdpaj;jpd; Kjy; ghlj;jpl;lr;
rPu;jpUj;jkhdJ> fw;wy; kw;Wk; fw;gpj;jypy; jpwd; rhu;e;j> nray;ghL rhu;e;j kw;Wk; khztu;fis ikakhff;
nfhz;l mZFKiwia mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ. kjpg;gPl;bd; mbg;gilapy; Mrpupaupd; Mjuitg; ngWjy;.

Kd;nkhopag;gl;l nray;ghl;bd; njhlu;r;rpapd; xt;nthU nray;ghl;bYk; njhlu;r;rpahd kjpg;gPl;bw;F $Ljyhf>

nray;ghl;Lf; FOf;fspd; mbg;gilapy; ,ilntspapy; cUthf;f kjpg;gPLfs; jpl;lkplg;gl;ld> NkYk; ghuk;gupa>
mwpT mbg;gilapyhd RUf;fj; Nju;Tfs; xU cz;ikahd mikg;Gld; khw;wg;gl;ld. cz;ikahd tho;f;if
R+o;epiyfspy; ftdk; nrYj;Jk; kjpg;gPL. jdpg;gl;l> tPL> r%fk; kw;Wk; Ntiy tho;f;ifapy; ntw;wpngwf;$ba
xU Fbkfid cUthf;Ftij Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;l mwpTWj;jy;> kjpg;gPL kw;Wk; kjpg;gPL Mfpatw;wpy; ,t;thW
nfhz;L tug;gl;l khw;wq;fs;.

nray;ghL rhu;e;j fw;wy;

nray;ghL rhu;e;j fw;wypy; ntw;wpngw> gupe;Jiuf;fg;gl;l ghlj; jpwd;fs; gy jpwd; epiyfshfg; gpupf;fg;gl
Ntz;Lk;> mit fhy ml;ltizapy; xw;iw my;yJ ,ul;ilf; fhyj;jpy; milayhk;. xt;nthU jpwd; kl;lj;jpw;Fk;
mjd; ,jaj;jpy; xU Ma;Tld; jpl;lkplg;gl;l xU nray;ghL> Gjpa mwpitAk; mu;j;jj;ijAk; Njl khztu;fis
Cf;Ftpj;jJ.

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fz;Lgpbg;Gfis tpupTgLj;jTk;> Mrpupau; cl;gl kw;wtu;fspd; nrhe;j nray;jpwd; kw;Wk; nray;jpwid
kjpg;gPL nra;a gy;NtW kjpg;gPLfisg; gad;gLj;jTk; tha;g;G fpilj;jJ. ,t;thW tFg;giwapy; VjhtJ nra;Ak;
tha;g;igg; ngw;w khztu;fs; Kd;Kaw;rp> nghWg;G> nghWg;Gf;$wy; mu;g;gzpg;G> njhopy;KidT> kd
mOj;j Nkyhz;ik kw;Wk; Ra xOf;fk; Nghd;w gy;NtW jdpg;gl;l jpwd;fis tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;s cjtpdhu;fs;.
Ntiyapy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ mtu;fs; rpe;jpf;ff; fpilj;j tha;g;Gfs;> gilg;ghw;wy;> tpku;rd rpe;jid> KbntLf;Fk;
kw;Wk; rpf;fiyj; jPu;f;Fk; jpwid tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;s cjtpaJ. mtu;fs; <Lgl;bUe;j FOg; gzp> gr;rhjhgk;> mf;fiw>
gfpu;T> njhlu;G> jiyikj;Jtk; kw;Wk; gpd;gw;Wjy; Nghd;w r%f jpwd;fis tsu;f;f cjtpaJ.

nkhj;jj;jpy; ,e;j tifahd mZFKiw khztu;fs; jdpg;gl;l kw;Wk; cs; jdpg;gl;l mk;rq;fis cs;slf;fpa nghJthd
jpwd;fspd; njhFg;ig cUthf;f top tFj;jJ. ,e;j jpwd;fs;> nkd;ikahd jpwd;fs; vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wd
kw;Wk; fw;wy;-fw;gpj;jy; nray;KiwapypUe;J ngwg;gl;lit> fw;wypd; Kf;fpa mq;fkhf ,d;W Kd;Ndhf;fp
te;jpUf;Fk; czu;r;rp Ez;zwpit tsu;f;f khztu;fSf;F cjTfpd;wd. fw;wy; kw;Wk; fw;gpj;jYf;F
Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l Gjpa KiwahdJ> tho;f;ifj; jpwd;fs; my;yJ kjpg;Gf; fy;tp Nghd;w xU Fwpg;gpl;l
ghlj;jpd; fPo; Mrpupau; fw;gpg;gjw;fhff; fhj;jpUg;gjw;Fg; gjpyhf> fw;wy; nray;ghl;bd; NghJ kjpg;Gfisg;
ngw khztu;fSf;F cjTfpwJ. fw;wy; kw;Wk; fw;gpj;jy; Mfpatw;wpw;Fg; gpd;gw;wg;gLk; gy;NtW Kiwfs;
gilg;ghw;wy;> tpku;rd rpe;jid> jfty; njhlu;G kw;Wk; xj;Jiog;G Mfpait ,d;W gpugykile;J tUk; 4C fshf
ghlrhiyf; Foe;ijfspy; ntw;wpfukhf GFj;jg;gLfpd;wd.

tsu;e;j ehLfSld; Nru;e;J> Gjpa kpy;ypdpaj;jpd; njhlf;fj;jpy;> khztu;fspd; mwpTrhu; tsu;r;rp kw;Wk;
czu;r;rp Ez;zwpTf;F gq;fspf;Fk; nghJthd jpwd;fisg; G+u;j;jp nra;Ak; ghlj; jpwd;fis mwpKfg;gLj;j Njrpa
fy;tp epWtdk; eltbf;if vLj;jJ. mwpthu;e;j tsu;r;rpf;Fj; Njitahd ey;y kdJf;F mtrpakhd MNuhf;fpakhd clYld;
khztu;fis rpj;jg;gLj;Jtjw;F xNu Neuj;jpy; eltbf;iffs; vLf;fg;gl;lhYk;> ngUk;ghyhd fUj;Jf;fs; ghlrhiy
kl;lj;jpy; ,d;Dk; cs;thq;fg;gltpy;iy.

ahidia tptupf;Fk; VO FUlu;fisg; Nghy Gjpa mZFKiwia Kd;Ndhf;fp vLj;Jr; nry;tjw;Fg; nghWg;ghdtu;fs;
kw;Wk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;Fg; nghWg;ghdtu;fs;> mNj gioa cs;fl;likg;G kw;Wk; epWtd KiwfisNa
ghlrhiyfs; njhlu mDkjpg;gJ Mfpait 21 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; ghlj;jpl;l rPu;jpUj;jq;fis epWtdkakhf;Ftijj;
jhkjg;gLj;Jtjw;F ,uz;L Kf;fpa fhuzq;fs;. . Fiwe;j ,ltrjp kw;Wk; fdkhd jsghlq;fs; nfhz;l jpwe;j tFg;giwfs;>
nkhigy; trjpfSf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspf;Fk; ikag;gLj;jg;gl;l trjpfs;> tFg;G msTfs; kpfg; ngupajhfNth my;yJ
kpfr; rpwpajhfNthFO Ntiy> kw;Wk; nray;ghL rhu;e;j fw;wYf;fhd ehw;gJ epkpl Neuj;jpd; Nghjhik Mfpait
,e;j jhkjj;jpw;F $Ljy; fhuzq;fs;. fy;tpapy; mjpf vz;zpf;ifapyhd Mrpupau;fs; kw;Wk; gpw gq;Fjhuu;
FOf;fisg; GJg;gpg;gjw;F nghUj;jkw;w Kiwfisg; gad;gLj;Jjy;> Nju;T ntw;wpapy; Njitaw;w ftdk; nrYj;Jk;
ju cj;juthjk; kw;Wk; Nkw;ghu;it topKiwfisg; gpd;gw;Wjy;> jfty;njhlu;Gfisj; jhkjg;gLj;Jk; mjpfhuj;Jt
epWtd mikg;GfSld; njhlu;jy; kw;Wk; gaDs;s Nahridfis Klf;Ftjw;F mOj;jk; FO eltbf;iffis mDkjpj;jy;
rPu;jpUj;jq;fs; tsu mDkjpf;fhj gpw fhuzq;fs;.

jfty; Afj;jpd; Njitfisg; G+u;j;jp nra;af;$ba Gjpa Fbkf;fisf; nfhz;L r%fj;ij rpj;jg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;> mLj;j
rPu;jpUj;jr; Row;rpf;fhd jahupg;ghfTk;> ek; ghlrhiyfis ,d;Dk; epyTk; ghuk;gupaf; fy;tp KiwfspypUe;J
vg;gbahtJ tpLtpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,q;F ntw;wpngw> midj;J gq;Fjhuu; FOf;fisAk; - ngw;Nwhu;fs;> khztu;fs;>
Mrpupau;fs;> mjpgu;fs;> Nritapy; cs;s MNyhrfu;fs;> Mrpupau; fy;tpahsu;fs;> fy;tp ,af;Feu;fs; kw;Wk;
nfhs;if tFg;ghsu;fs; - 21 Mk; E}w;whz;bd; fy;tpapd; kjpg;ig mwpe;Jnfhs;s Gjpa njhopy;El;gj;ijg;
gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. Fwpf;Nfhs; mZFKiwapypUe;J jpwd; mbg;gilapyhd mZFKiwf;F> ghlj;
jpl;lq;fspypUe;J nray;ghl;Lj; jpl;lq;fSf;F> kjpg;gPl;Lf; fyhr;rhuj;jpypUe;J kjpg;gPl;Lf; fyhr;rhuj;jpw;F>
kw;Wk; Mrpupaiu ikakhff; nfhz;l fy;tpapypUe;J khztu; ikaf; fy;tpf;F xU efu;T.

Rfhjhuk; kw;Wk; clw;fy;tpapy; rpwg;G ftdk; nrYj;jp ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; ghlq;fspypUe;J ngwg;gl;l ghlj;
jpwd;fis Nkk;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; nray; my;yJ tprhuiz rhu;e;j mDgtf; fw;wypy; ,Ue;J ngwg;gl;l r%f>
jdpg;gl;l kw;Wk; rpe;jidj; jpwd;fs; tbtpy; cs;s nghJthd jpwd;fSf;F ftdk; nrYj;Jjy;. cly; tsu;r;rp> mwpTrhu;
tsu;r;rp kw;Wk; czu;r;rp Ez;zwpT Mfpait Kf;fpa $Wfis cUthf;Fk; kpfTk; Njitahd xUq;fpize;j MSikia
cUthf;f KbAk;.