GUY DERVILLE NAHIMANA

Civil engineering

21143171

EXPERIMENT 2. OHM’S LAW

AIM

1. To verify Ohm’s Law.

2. To learn how to use Ohm’s Law in Circuit analysis.

THEORY

Ohm’s Law, discovered by German Physicist Simon Ohm ( 1787-1854), is an important law
that describes the relationship of voltage (V) and current (I) and resistance R. It is often referred
to as the foundation of circuit analysis and can be expressed as by three different ways:

V= I. R , I= V/R , R =V/I

Where, V : The potential difference from one end of resistance element to the another

I : The current through the same resistance element

R : The resistance of the same element

Remember that lowering the resistance raises the current, and raising the voltage also raises
the current.

METHOD

A. MEASUREMENTS
1. Set the module KL-13001 on the main KL-21001, and locate the block a.

2. Using the ohmmeter, measure and record the resistance of R1 of 1K   5% .

R1 = 0.999k 

3. Connect the voltemeter to terminals +V and GND and adjust the positive power to +15 V.

4.

R V
 Figure 1

5. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 1 and check the circuit by the readings in the ammeter
and voltmeter.

6. Change the resistance of variable resistor each time and obtain a dataset with at least 6
readings of the current vs. potential difference (I-V) for the resistor R.

V (Volts) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0

I (mA) 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.1 0.00

Table 1

B. DATA PROCESS

Plot the Current vs. Potential Difference (I-V) graph of the fixed resistor R by using the data
given in Table 1.
Draw the best fit line.

GRAPH OF I vs V
0.6

0.5

0.4
CURRENT(I)

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
VOLTAGE(V)

1
According to Ohms Law 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡
of the I-V graph should be equal to the resistance of the
resistor
 1
7. Calculate resistance R using 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡

GRADIENT=0.5-0/0.5-0=1

R= 1 k 

Is the value you found is in agreement with the resistance you measured directly by the
ohmmeter in Step 2?NO

QUESTIONS

1. Calculate the percentage error of your experiment by comparing your result with resistance
you measured directly by the ohmmeter in Step 2

1-0.999/1×100=0.1%
2. What might be the sources of error in this experiment?

INSTRUMENTAL ERRORS

MEASUREMENT ERRORS

ENVIRONMENTAL ERRORS

5. What precautions could be taken to improve the accuracy?

Improve the experimental techniques. Adjust the zero of the instruments

properly. The value of the reading by standing straight to the instrument
has been taken and not from the sides to avoid Parallax errors

Stop trying to multitask. ...

Eliminate distractions. ...
Use a task tracker or checklists. ...
Try automating your task workflows. ...
Always clarify and ask questions. ...
Carefully review your work. ...
Get a second set of eyes. ...
Take breaks and refresh with a mental pause.

CONCLUSION

In this experiment we were finding the resistance by using ohms law and by
investigating the relationship between current and voltage in this experiment
we found the value which has a small percentage error so it means there was
some errors which has to be minimized by improving some stuff