EXP 1: Ohm’s Law

: Objectives •
To verify of Ohm’s Law and measure the value of unknown -1 •
.Ohmic resistances
To examine the series and parallel combinations of -2 •
.resistances by using Ohm’s Law
: Apparatus
. Two resistances R1, R2 -1
.DC power supply -2
.Digital multi-meters (DMM) -3
.Banana plugs (wire connections) -4
Theory

I) Ohm’s Law :  
The electrical resistance R is considered to be “Ohmic” if the relation
between the voltage difference V and the current passing through it is
linear (and the slope of the straight line represents the resistance value R)
That is, the relation between the potential difference V and the current I is
given by

𝑉
𝑅=  
𝐼
Where:
V is the potential difference.
I is the current.
R is the resistance.
.II) The series combination of Resistances R1 and R2 •  •

The equivalent resistance value of the two resistances that are •

connected in series is given by
.II) The parallel combination of Resistances R1 and R2 •  •

The equivalent resistance value of the two resistances that are •

connected in parallel is given by
•
 Experimental procedure and data analysis
Measuring the value of the resistance R1 -1

. Connect the circuit shown in figure 3 -

.In figure 3 measure the value of (R1)value directly using the Ohmmeter -

.value = 50 ohm (use Ohmmeter))R1(

 Take the readings of the Ammeter (the current I) and the voltmeter -
(the voltage V) by adjusting the knob of the power supply to different
.voltage values

.Fill in I and V readings in the table1 below -

0.15 0.12 0.06 0.04 0.02 V(volt)

0.0031 0.0025 0.0012 0.0009 0.0005 I(A)

On graph paper plot I versus V -

Find the slope of the straight line and deduce the value of R1 from the - -
.plot
R1 = = 

...............................Slope=49.0196 , R1=....49.0196 -

?Is the resistance R1 Ohmic? Why -

If Ohm’s Low were always true ,then as V
across a resistor increases, So would I
through it ,and their ratio, R(the slope of
.the graph) would remain constant

Calculate the percentage error in R1 -

= 

𝟒𝟗 . 𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟔− 𝟓𝟎
×𝟏𝟎𝟎=𝟏 . 𝟗𝟔 % 
𝟓𝟎
.Experimental Part B) Measuring the value of the resistance R2 •
Connect the circuit shown in figure 4 -

.In figure 4 measure the value of (R2)value directly using the Ohmmeter -

= value)R2( ohm 105.4

Take the readings of the Ammeter (the current I) and the voltmeter (the -
voltage V) by adjusting the knob of the power supply to different voltage
.values

Fill in I and V readings in the table 2 below -

1.6 1.06 0.73 0.45 V(volt)

15.19 10.03 7 4.31 I(A)

On graph paper plot I versus V -

.Find the slope of the straight line and deduce the value of R1 from the plot -
R = = 

...Slope=.......104.65 ohm ......., R2=.......104.65 ohm -

?Is the resistance R2 Ohmic? Why -

Calculate the percentage error in R1 -

= 

𝟏𝟎𝟒 .𝟔𝟓 −𝟏𝟎𝟓 . 𝟒

×𝟏𝟎𝟎=𝟎 . 𝟕𝟏 % 
𝟏𝟎𝟓 . 𝟒
Experimental Part C) Measuring the value of the resistances R1, R2 •
.connected in series
.Connect the circuit shown in figure 5 - •

.Calculate the value of Req series = (R1)value+ (R2)value -

……………… = ohm 4 .156

Req series
Take the readings of the Ammeter (the current I) and the voltmeter (the voltage V) -
.by adjusting the knob of the power supply to different voltage values

-.Fill in yourI and V readings in the table 3 below -

1.26 0.95 0.68 0.29 V(volt)

8.05 6.08 4.35 1.87 I(A)

On a graph sheet plot I vs V and find the slope of the straight -

.line and deduce the value of (R1+R2)series from the plot
 R = = 

Slope =157.36 Ohm’s

.Calculate the percentage error in (R1+R2)series -

= 

𝟏𝟓𝟕 . 𝟑𝟔 −𝟏𝟓𝟔 . 𝟒
×𝟏𝟎𝟎=𝟎 . 𝟔 𝟏 % 
𝟏𝟓𝟔 . 𝟒
 Experimental Part D) Measuring the value of the resistances R1, R2 •
.connected in parallel

.Connect the circuit shown in figure 6 -

Calculate the value of -

= Req parallel ohms 34.36

 Take the readings of the Ammeter (the current I) and the voltmeter (the voltage - -
.V) by adjusting the knob of the power supply to different voltage values

Fill in your I and V readings in the table 4 below -

0.66 0.57 0.49 0.23 V(volt)

19.25 16.68 14.24 6.66 I(A)

On a graph sheet plot I vs V and find the slope of the straight line and deduce the -
value of Req from the plot
 R = = 
Slope =35.01 Ohm’s

.Calculate the percentage error in Req -

= 

𝟑𝟓 . 𝟎𝟏 −𝟑𝟒 . 𝟑𝟔
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎=𝟏 . 𝟖𝟗 % 
𝟑𝟒 . 𝟑𝟔