Introduction to Module 3A - Assignment

Intellectual Revolutions

Name LOUIS VILLEGAS Date ___________________

1. Differentiate Scientific Revolution from Industrial Revolution

The rise of modern science in the early modern era, when discoveries in
mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (especially human anatomy), and
chemistry altered social perceptions of nature, is known as the scientific
revolution. The scientific revolution, which began in Europe at the end of the
Renaissance and persisted into the late 18th century, had an impact on the
Enlightenment, an intellectual and social movement.
The Industrial Revolution was reliant on the Scientific Revolution's conceptual
shifts because they made it possible to shift the source of energy away from
human, animal, and some wind and water power and toward coal's hidden
potential for producing electricity and dynamos, as well as toward more
precise machine tools, which had the effect of a snowball rolling down a hill.
Industry supported science, and new research was mostly supported by the
physical sciences.

2. Who is Thomas Kuhn? What were his contributions to Science and Technology?
- American philosopher Thomas Samuel Kuhn was an American philosopher of
science. His 1962 book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions was influential in
academic and popular circles, introducing the term paradigm shift. Kuhn claimed
that scientific fields undergo periodic "paradigm shifts" rather than solely
progressing in a linear way. One of the academic works of the 20th century with
the most citations is Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. He
is credited with creating the phrase "paradigm shift," which is now an essential
element of both scientific and English vocabulary. All academic disciplines,
including science, education theory, and research, have been impacted by him.
3. Differentiate Laws from Theories. Give an example for each.
- A theory is far more dynamic and complicated. A theory explains a whole set of
connected facts, whereas a law defines a particular action. A theory is the
outcome of the scientific method, whereas a law is a postulate that serves as its
foundation.

4. Discuss briefly the Darwinian Revolution

- The Darwinian theory of evolution was put out by Charles Darwin as a method of
understanding biological change. It alludes to Darwin's special idea, according to
which natural selection acts as the main force behind evolution. Beginning in
1837, Darwin developed the now-accepted theory that evolution is primarily
caused by the interaction of three principles: (1) variation, a liberalizing force that
exists in all forms of life but which Darwin did not attempt to explain; (2) heredity,
a conservative force that passes down similar organic forms from generation to
generation; and (3) the laborious process of natural selection.