ReFRIGERATION

SYSTEM
Bsme-3b group 2
Advancement (trend) of

Air conditioning
What is Air Conditioning?
• Process of removing heat and moisture
from the interior of an occupied space
to improve the comfort of occupants.
• Main concept: To lower the temperature
of a particular area to the surroundings.
• WILLIS HAVILAND CARRIER- FATHER OF
MODERN AIR-CONDITIONING
PRINCIPLES OF

Air-conditioning
The goal is to keep it more
comfortable inside the house
than it is outside.
 air conditioning
1. The circulation system is designed to keep the cooled air out of the unit
2. Two individual units are present. One unit for the evaporator and the other
unit houses the compressor and the condenser.
3. The in-built chemicals within the unit absorb air into the system
4. Fan is required
5. They are used to cool the room to maintain humidity
 refrigeration
1. The circulation system is designed to keep the cool air within the unit
2. One single unit encompasses the evaporator, compressor an condenser
3. The air is supplied to the unit through pipes
4. No fan is required
5. They are used to cool the food for food preservation
 Types of air conditioning
1. Window air-conditioning
system- commonly used
and cheapest type of air
conditioners

2. Split air-conditioning system-

comprises of two parts:
outdoor unit and indoor unit
 Types of air conditioning
3. Centralised air-conditioning system- used
in large buildings, hotels, theaters, airports,
shopping malls, etc.

4. Package air-conditioning system-

used for the cooling capacities in
between these two extremes and used
commonly in places like restaurants,
homes, small halls etc.
 Advancement (trend) of

Air conditioning
• Superior Efficiency
o Efficiency standards have increased in the
past few years and the most efficient
models must meet or exceed standards
that came into effect in January 2015.
o Energy Star-certified model – air
conditioners must have seasonal energy
efficiency ratio (SEER) ratings of at least 15,
but many have much higher ratings.
Advancement (trend) of

Air conditioning
• Two-Stage Cooling
o Refers to the type of compressor that is in
the outside condensing unit.
o This part-capacity operation offers the
following:

a. Consistent Indoor Comfort

• Minimizes the peaks and valleys of
cooling often found with the ON/OFF cycle
of a single-stage unit due to its ability to
adjust cooling output.
Advancement (trend) of

Air conditioning
• The lower stage capacity is able to
maintain the pre-set temperature
longer than if the system turns off
when it reaches the pre-set
temperature.
• This allows for steady cooling comfort
in your home.
Advancement (trend) of

Air conditioning
b. Dehumidification
• Extended operation of a two-stage air
conditioner runs longer which
removes more moisture from the
interior spaces structure.
• These comfort-creating pieces of
equipment may lower the indoor
humidity level as a by-product of the
cooling process.
Advancement (trend) of

Air conditioning
c. Energy-Efficient
• Two-stage feature reduces the peak
start/stop load cycle which reduces
the draw on the electricity.
• The capacity of the air conditioner
changes to meet the cooling demand
and therefore reduces energy
consumption.
Advancement (trend) of

Air conditioning
• Quiet Operation
o Some of the newest units come with
AeroQuiet system design, which makes
them remarkably quiet, even when
operating at full speed.
• Corrosion Protection
o Coastal air can be much saltier than
inland air, which can quickly corrode
your outdoor air conditioning unit. Now,
most advanced systems are now having
corrosion protection.
New invented technology for air-
conditioning system
1. Chilled Beam System
• Type of convection HVAC system designed to heat or
cooled high rise building such as commercial building
• Primarily gives off its cooling effect through convection by
using water to remove heat from a room
• Pipes of water passed through the beam suspended short
distance from the ceiling of a room
• As the beam chills the air around it the air becomes denser
and falls to the floor
• It is replaced by warmer air moving up from below, causing
a constant floe of convection and cooling the room
Chilled beam system

advantages
1. Simple to design and control.
2. Smaller ductwork.
3. Less mechanical space.
4. Less maintenance.
5. Increase comfort.
Chilled beam system

disadvantages
1. Not well known in our industry
2. Higher construction cost
3. Many engineers are not familiar
with this technology
4. Dew point concerns, building must
have a good control of humidity to
prevent condensation on chilled
beam surface
New invented technology for air-
conditioning system
2. District Cooling System (DCS)
A system which distribute chilled water or other
media, usually provided from a dedicated cooling
plant, to multiple buildings for air conditioning or
other uses.

Objectives: To centralized production of chilled water

by using district cooling plant. The generated chilled
water will then be channeled to various building
blocks through pre-insulated seamless underground
pipes.
District cooling system

advantages
1. Improve energy efficiency
2. Protect environment
3. Save spaces
4. Improve urban view
5. Reduce manpower for
operation and maintenance
 01 Smart HVAC Technology

• This ensures that the unit would not be running unnecessarily

throughout the day and thus saving energy.
• Senses data on air quality and equipment status to be able to
predict the right time for maintenance.

02 Geothermal HVAC Technology

• Excellent option to start reducing your carbon footprint.

• Their major emphasis lies on naturally cooling a house using heat
pumps, water, and an underground piping system.
• They exchange heat with the ground and no refrigerant is used,
which makes them highly environmentally friendly.

03 Ductless HVAC Systems

INNOVATION IN •
•
Easy to install and cost effective.
Another benefit of ductless systems is their zoning capability.
HVAC TECHNOLOGY • Can be installed from moderate temperature zones to harsh
temperature zones.
 04 Thermally Driven Air Conditioning

• Provides an energy-efficient cooling method and can be

used as an alternative to traditional air conditioners.
• Eliminates electricity costs.

05 Duel Fuel Heat Pump Technology

• Utilizes a combination of a gas furnace and a heat
pump to provide efficient, cost-effective heating and
cooling.
.

06 Zoned HVAC System

• Divides a house into different areas, each of which can

INNOVATION IN •
be individually controlled by a separate thermostat.
Different temperature settings may be required in
different parts of a home and by utilizing zoning you can
HVAC TECHNOLOGY achieve the best temperature for each area .
Thank you !!