I am Answering the first question:

The main purpose is to analyse the traits of the main characters and
why they are significant in the novel The Bonesetter’s daughter
written by Amy Tan.

This novel Bonesetter's daughter is embodied in a story of three

generations of three women that are precious auntie, Luling and Ruth.
These women have dealt with different challenges in life.The three women
were Precious Auntie,Luling and Ruth.Precios Auntie’s father healed
bones and this is why the name of the book is The Bonesetter’s daughter.
The novel begins with the chapter Truth, in this chapter LuLing tells what
are the things she knows are true. In that she includes her precious auntie,
her two husbands (both were dead) and her daughter Ruth.

Talking about LuLing’s traits-

1) LuLing shows many traits identical to those of precious auntie (her
true mother). First trait is that they both were depressed but for
different reasons. Precious auntie was depressed as her father and
her husband (Baby Uncle) were killed by Chang on her wedding day.
LuLing was depressed as she had lost precious auntie and the worst
part about it was that she didn't realise that precious auntie was her real
mother as she was always told that her aunt is her real mother and
precious auntie is her nursemaid. Also both her husbands had died and
because of that she always had financial issues. Here is a dialogue of Lu
Ling-
"Precious Auntie, oh Precious Auntie! I wish you never died! It was all my fault. If
I
could change fate, I would rather kill myself than suffer without you. . . ."

2) They both had tried to commit sucide- Precious Auntie had drunk
hot ink to kill herself but that resulted in an unsuccessful sucide
attempt and because of that she lost her voice and burnt her face.
 Luling had jumped off the window to kill herself but wasn’t able to,
rather she was in the hospital after doing that.
3) They both had written manuscripts about their lives which had
been read by their daughters and had built a better relationship
between them.
4) They both were superstitious, Precious auntie believed that she
was going to gain a superstitious power after killing herself and
protect LuLing from Chang.
LuLing always believed in ghosts and curses.

Now let's talk about the identical traits of LuLing and Ruth-

1) They both always felt guilty, Luling felt guilty as she blames
herself for her mother’s death and Ruth felt guilty as she was
not able to take care of her mother. In the novel her
mother(LuLing) says- “Go out with friends , Go party but no time
for mother”

There was also one similarity between precious auntie and

Ruth, they both were not able to speak. Precious auntie after
drinking hot ink and Ruth always lost her voice every year on
12th August for about a week. LuLing thought that Ruth was
able to talk to precious aunties spirit.
All the three generations were voiceless in their own
ways as at that time men were favoured.
These traits are significant because they help the reader
gather in depth information about the novel. Also if we talk
in Amy Tan’s perspective the main trait is that they had
written manuscripts on their lives and it had been read by
their daughters to get a better understanding of the
sacrifices they had made and the struggles they had
faced in upbringing of their children respectively.