Midterm 1 Study Guide

Psyc 100

Chapter 1

Be able to define and recognize examples of the following terms:

- Introspection
- Constructs
- Counseling psychology
- Clinical psychology
- Psychiatry

Be familiar with each of the perspectives we covered in class:

- The learning perspective

- The cognitive perspective
- The biological perspective
- The social perspective

What are the primary aims of the following branches of psychology:

- Structuralism
- Functionalism
- Evolutionary psychology
- Social-cognitive learning theory
- Humanism
- Behaviorism
- Biopsychology (Biological psychology)
- Developmental psychology
- Cognitive psychology
- Social psychology

Be familiar with the work of:

- Wilhelm Wundt
- William James
- Jean Piaget
- Maslow

Chapter 2

Be familiar with the following terms. Know what they are and be able to recognize examples of them.
 - Falsifiability
- Parsimony
- Reliability
- External validity
- Internal validity
- Attrition
- Sample
- Population
- Inter-rater reliability
- Independent variable
- Dependent variable
- Confounding variables
- Placebo effect
- Double-blind study
- Replication

Be familiar with the types of studies we covered. Know their primary benefits as well as drawbacks.

- Case studies
- Naturalistic observation
- Surveys
- Archival research
- Longitudinal research
- Cross-sectional research

What is the scientific method and what are the steps it entails?

What differentiates scientific theories from conspiracy theories?

What is a correlation coefficient?

- What values correspond to strong vs weak correlations?

- What values correspond to positive vs negative correlations?

What is a true experiment?

What is the role of an IRB? What is the role of an IACUC?

Chapter 3

Be familiar with the following terms:

- Soma
- Dendrite
- Axon
- Myelin sheath
- Terminal button
- Somatosensory cortex
 - Wernicke’s area
- Auditory cortex
- Broca’s area
- Motor cortex

What is the synapse? How does communication occur between neurons at the synapse?

How are neurotransmitters removed from the synapse?

How do drugs like antidepressants use reuptake inhibition to affect brain functioning?

What do agonists do? What do antagonists do?

Know that various parts of the nervous system we covered:

- CNS vs. PNS

- Somatic
- Autonomic
- Sympathetic
- Parasympathetic
- Cerebral cortex
- Frontal lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Occipital lobe
- Prefrontal cortex

Specifically, what do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems do? What parts of our
physiology do they change (see slide 14)?

Be familiar with the cases of Henry Molaison and Clive Wearing.

Chapter 4

Be familiar with the following terms:

- Circadian rhythm
- Homeostasis
- Physical dependence
- Psychological dependence
- Tolerance
- Withdrawal

What role do the suprachiasmatic nucleus and pineal gland play in maintaining body rhythms?
What determines whether someone is a “night owl” or an “early bird”?

What are the differences between REM and NREM sleep?

Be familiar with the following theories of dreaming:

- Freud’s perspective
- Threat-simulation theory
- Continuous-activation theory

Which categories of animals are most likely to dream?

What is the default mode network?

Be familiar with each category of drug we covered. Be able to identify examples of each category (e.g.,
heroin is an opiate, alcohol is a depressant, etc.).

- Depressants
- Stimulants
- Opiates
- Psychedelics

What do amphetamines help treat ADHD?

What type of drug can marijuana be classified as?

What is the theory behind psychedelic therapy? How does it work?