ASSIGNMENT-1: STATISTICAL EXPERIENCE

Written by : Rizka Amelia Dwi Safira (NRP. 03311940000044)

Course : Applied Statistics and Probabilities

Instuction: Write an essay about your experience in using Statistics in an undergraduate

Thesis/Research. The essay should include Statistical terms and/or properties as we
discussed in this course.

The article used for this assignment is taken from JGISE (Journal of Geospatial Information
Science and Engineering) with the title “Evaluation of the Utilisation of High-Resolution
Ortho-Rectified Satellite Image for Accelerating the Development of Participatory Land and
Building Tax Block Maps (PBB-P2) in Triharjo Village, Bantul Regency, DIY”, written by
Alistralinra, et.al (2020).
The background of this article is employing remote sensing technology, which
is Quickbird imagery, to support government needs, especially in cadastral mapping purposes
for land and tax value inventory. Selecting Triharjo Village, Bantul Regency, DIY, as the study
area, this research aims to evaluate the imagery utilization, which was recorded in 2014 with
0.6-meter resolution and orthorectified, to update land and building block maps. The boundary
of the land blocks will be digitized using Quickbird imagery as the reference at the first step,
and this process recruits the local community through participatory mapping. The accuracy of
block maps' position and their calculated area as the final output will be compared to the land
registration map from BPN and attribute data of PBB-P2 block maps which comes from Surat
Pemberitahuan Objek Pajak (SPOP). This research uses 51 land blocks as the sample data and
later the statistical tests, including 10% difference tolerance and t-distribution test, will be
conducted to test the digitation accuracy. Since this assignment is focusing on statistical test
which relates to probability, the discussion is limited to the t-distribution test. This statistic test
has an objective to evaluate whether the digitizing application using Quickbird imagery for
cadastral mapping purposes has no significant difference from the reference data from BPN or
SPOP.
The population size of this research is 12356 land blocks, and the sample size is 51.
The t-distribution test is conducted using a two-tailed test with a 95% confidence level or
0.05 significance level with 50 degrees of freedom (sample size - 1). In this test, the applied
terms would be: (1) The null hypothesis (H0) equals no significance difference between the
calculated area from the digitizing technique using Quickbird imagery and the reference area
from BPN and SPOP; (2) The alternative hypothesis (Ha) equals the existence of the
significance difference between the calculated area from the digitizing technique
using Quickbird imagery and the reference area from BPN and SPOP. Hence, we do not reject
the null hypothesis (H0) if the statistic test of the t-value is less than the critical value.
Otherwise, we will reject the null hypothesis (H0).
Statistical Test Using t-distribution
a) Calculated area by digitizing the block maps using the imagery v.s. BPN existing data
The null hypothesis : Ho:  = BPN existing data as reference
The alternative hypothesis : Ha:   BPN existing data as reference
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 ∆𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 −𝛿 28.047−0
Test statistics :𝑡 = 𝑠𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 ∆𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 98.905 = 2.005
( )
√𝑛 √51

where:
𝛿 = the value of expected area difference (zero)
𝑠𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 ∆𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = stnd. deviation of area difference
n = sample size = 51
Critical value : 𝑡𝑣, 𝛼 = 𝑡50,0.025 = 2.008
2

H0 rejection region : |𝑡| > 𝑡𝑣, 𝛼 , since |𝑡| is less than 𝑡𝑣, 𝛼 , we don’t reject H0
2 2

b) Calculated area by digitizing the block maps using the imagery v.s. SPOP existing data
The null hypothesis : Ho:  = SPOP existing data as reference
The alternative hypothesis : Ha:   SPOP existing data as reference
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 ∆𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 −𝛿 111 .161 −0
Test statistics :𝑡 = 𝑠𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 ∆𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 230.673 = 3.407
( )
√𝑛 √51

Critical value : 𝑡𝑣, 𝛼 = 𝑡50,0.025 = 2.008

2

H0 rejection region : |𝑡| > 𝑡𝑣, 𝛼 , since |𝑡| is greater than 𝑡𝑣,𝛼 , we reject H0
2 2

Conclusion
So, by conducting the t-distribution test, we know that there is no significant difference in
the area between digitizing method using Quickbird imagery and the reference area data from
BPN. While there is a significant difference in the area between digitizing method
using Quickbird imagery and the reference area data from SPOP. It means, the utilization of
Quickbird imagery can be used properly in cadastral mapping purposes as the alternative
technique to evaluate the terrestrial mapping survey for cadastral mapping purposes and other
limitations in BPN land registration method.