Table 4.

Marking and Scoring the Oral Reading Miscues

Types of Miscues Marking the Miscue Example Scoring

Count as 1 error
every
Underline the mispronunciation.
text and write the sleed
Mispronunciation (The dialectal
phonetic spelling slide variation should
above it. not be counted as
an error).
The huge elephant Count as one error
Circle the omitted
Omission a word or a phrase
unit of a language.
omitted.
Underline the money
text and write the monkey Count as one error
Substitution substituted word every substitution.
above it.
Use a caret to show
where the word/s lovely Count a word or a
Insertion was inserted and the^ flowers in the phrase inserted as
write the word above vase one error.
the caret.
Underline the portion Count as one error
Repetition of the text that was They found it in the every word or phrase
repeated. repeated.
Use a transpositional The girl is
Count as one error
symbol over and pretty
Transposition every transposition
under the letters or
made.
words transposed.
Write the word/ dab
Count as one error
Reversal nonword above the bad
every reversal made.
correct word.
 Write S above the Don’t count
word that was S selfcorrection as an
Self -Correction
selfcorrected. hasn’t error.

Table 5. Summary of Miscues

Types of Miscues Number of Miscues

(Uri ng Mali) (Bilang ng Salitang mali ang basa)
1 Mispronunciation (Maling Bigkas)

2 Omission (Pagkakaltas)

3 Substitution (Pagpapalit)

4 Insertion (Pagsisingit)

5 Repetition (Pag-uulit)

6 Transposition (Pagpapalit ng lugar)

7 Reversal (Paglilipat)

Total Miscues (Kabuuan)

Number of Words in the Passage

Oral Reading Score

 Reading Level (Antas ng Pagbasa)

a. Computing the Oral Reading Score per Passage

Oral Reading Score: the number of words – number of miscues X100

number of words

Example: Pedro’s Performance in Oral Reading

No. of words in the passage: 65
No. of miscues: 15

65-15 = 50 x100 = 76.9%

65

Pedro’s rating in oral reading is 76.9%

Recording the Speed and Rate in Oral Reading

Reading speed = No. of words read X 60

Reading time in seconds

No. of words in the passage: 103

No. of minutes it took Karlo to read it: 1.5mins. (90 seconds)

103 words read = 69 words per minute

90 seconds

Pedro’s reading rate: 69 words per minute

C= No. of correct answers

 No. of questions X100= % of comprehension

No. of correct answers: 4

Total no. of questions: 7
4/7 = 57

Pedro’s comprehension: 57%

Table 6. Table of Percentage for Comprehension Scores

No. of Score in No. of Score in
% %
items Comprehension items Comprehension
6 100
5 100
5 83

4 80
4 67
5 6
3 60
3 50
2 40 2 33
1 20 1 17
No. of Score in No. of Score in
% %
items Comprehension items Comprehension
7 100 8 100
6 86 7 88
7 8 6 75
5 71
 5 63
4 57
4 50
3 43
3 38

2 29
2 25
1 14 1 13

Table 7. Phil-IRI Oral Reading Profile

Oral Reading Word Reading Comprehension

Level Score (in %) Score (in %)
Independent 97-100% 80-100%
Instructional 90-96% 59-79%
Frustration 89% and below 58% and below

Word reading score: 15 miscues = 76.9%: Frustration

Comprehension score: 4 out of 7= 57%: Frustration Reading Rate:
69.5 words per minute

Karlo’s Oral Reading Profile: Frustration

Table 8. Student’s Reading Profile Per Passage

 Reading Reading Profile per
Word Reading
Comprehension passage
Independent Independent Independent
Independent Instructional Instructional
Instructional Independent Instructional
Instructional Frustration Frustration
Frustration Instructional Frustration
Frustration Frustration Frustration
 Titles of Phil-IRI Graded Passages for Pre-Tests in English

Grade
Set A Set B Set C Set D
Level

2 Pam’s Cat A Hot Day Al’s Bag Nat Takes a Nap

Waiting for Her

3 Summer Fun A Rainy Day Ben’s Store
Sister

Waiting for the

4 Get Up, Jacky! Anansi’s Web Wake Up!
Peddler

The Cow
Frog’s and Pedrito’s Amy’s Good
5
Lunch the Snack Deed
Carabao

6 Yawning Laughter Effects of Anger Dreams

7 Dark Chocolate Sneezing Dust Pain
FROG’S LUNCH

One day, a frog sat on a lily pad, still as a rock.

A fish swam by.
“Hello, Mr. Frog! What are you waiting for?” “I
am waiting for my lunch,” said the frog.
“Oh, good luck!” said the fish and swam away. Then, a
duck waddled by.
“Hello, Mr. Frog! What are you waiting for?” “I
am waiting for my lunch,” said the frog.
“Oh, good luck!” said the duck and waddled away.
Then a bug came buzzing by.
“Hello, Mr. Frog! What are you doing?” asked the bug.
“I’m having my lunch! Slurp!” said the frog.
Mr. Frog smiled.

Who is the main character in the story?

a. the bug
b. the duck
c. the fish
d. the frog
2. What was he doing?
a. resting on a lily pad
b. chatting with a bug
c. hunting for his food
d. waiting for the rain

3. In what way was he able to get his lunch?

a. He was able to fool the fish.
b. He was able to fool the duck.
c. He was able to fool the rock.
d. He was able to fool the bug.

4. Why should the frog be “still as a rock?”

a. so that he will not scare the other animals away
b. so that he can catch his lunch
c. so that the other animals will think he is friendly
d. so that the fish will say nice things about him

5. Which of these words describe the duck?

a. patient
b. eager
c. curious
d. careful
6. Which of these words describe Mr. Frog?
a. patient
b. eager
c. curious
d. careful

7. Which of these characteristics would have helped the bug?

a. being patient
b. being eager
 c. being curious
d. being careful

THE COW AND THE CARABAO

Long ago, a farmer had a carabao and a cow. The carabao was

bigger but the cow worked just as hard.

One day the farmer said, “I can get more from my farm if my carabao

works all day and my cow works all night.” This went on for a month 'til

finally, the carabao cried, “It is just too hot to work all day!” “Want to go
for a swim?” asked the cow. “It will cool you off.” The carabao happily

agreed. They went off without the farmer’s consent.

Before swimming, they hung their skins on a tree branch. But it wasn’t

long till the farmer went looking for them. Upon seeing the farmer, they

rushed to put on their skins. In their rush, the carabao had worn the

cow’s skin and the cow had worn the carabao’s skin.

From then on, cows have sagging skin while carabaos

have tight skin.

Reference: Adapted from: http://www.philsites.net/folklore/stories/legend2.html
At the beginning of the story, what was one major difference between
the cow and the carabao?
a. The carabao was bigger than the cow.
b. The cow had sagging skin while the carabao had tight skin.
c. The carabao had sagging skin while the cow had tight skin.
d. The carabao worked at night while the cow worked in the day.

2. What did the farmer decide one day?

a. The cow and the carabao will work together.
b. The cow and the carabao should not leave the farm.
c. The carabao will work in the day while the cow will work at night.
d. The cow will work in the day while the carabao will work at night.

3. What word describes the farmer in the story?

a. kind
b. cruel
 c. grumpy
d. hardworking

4. How did the farmer’s decision affect the cow and the carabao?
a. They did not have time to rest.
b. They hardly saw each other.
c. They did not eat enough.
d. They were always tired.

5. What does the phrase “without consent” mean?

a. did not have permission
b. was not informed
c. has not rested
d. did not know
6. Which of the following events happened last?
a. The carabao cried out that it was so hot.
b. The cow and the carabao decided to swim.
c. The farmer came while the animals were swimming.
d. The cow and the carabao hurriedly put on their skins.

7. What kind of story is this?

a. myth
b. parable
c. legend
d. fairy tale
 PEDRITO’S SNACK
The bell rang. “It’s snack time!” Pedrito shouted and ran out of the room.

He sat on a bench under a tall tree.

In Pedrito’s lunch bag were three soft buns. He got the first one and

took a bite. “Mmmm,” said Pedrito. Just then, a sparrow sat on the

bench. It was looking at him. Pedrito didn’t mind. He went on and

finished his bun.

Then Pedrito got his second bun. He took a big bite and said “Mmmm!”

The sparrow was still looking at him. It also moved closer. But still,

Pedrito did not mind. He went on and finished his bun.

Finally, Pedrito got his last bun. He was about to take a bite when the

sparrow flew up to his shoulder. Pedrito smiled, cut the bun in two and

said to himself, “I think someone also likes bread and butter.”

1. What was Pedrito excited about?
a. having his favorite snack
b. going to the bench
c. being with the birds
d. finding a friend

2. Which of the statements explains the sentence, “Pedrito didn’t mind.”

a. Pedrito was not thinking.
b. Pedrito was not bothered.
c. Pedrito did not want to think.
d. Pedrito did not want to be bothered.

3. Which of these was NOT mentioned in the story?

a. The sparrow looked at the bread.
b. The sparrow sat down on the bench.
c. The sparrow moved closer to Pedrito.
d. The sparrow flew onto Pedrito’s shoulder.

4. What does the word ‘finished’ mean in the phrase "finished his bun?"
a. The bun was eaten.
b. The bun was prepared.
c. The bun was thrown away.
d. The bun was already spoiled.
5. Why was the sparrow looking at him?
a. It wanted to be a pet.
b. It wanted to watch Pedrito as he ate.
c. It wanted to have a share of the bun.
d. It wanted to listen more closely to Pedrito.

6. Why did Pedrito have to break the third bun in two?

a. So that he can eat the bun in two bites.
b. So that he can cut up the bun some more.
c. So that he can share it with the sparrow.
d. So that he can save the other half for later.

7. Which of the following sentences best shows what Pedrito thought of at

the end of the story?
a. “Sharing is only true among friends.”
b. “Ask and you shall receive.”
c. “One good turn deserves another.”
d. “Something good is even better when shared.”
 AMY’S GOOD DEED
Amy loves walking home from school to see the colors of the leaves and

listen to the birds sing. But one day, she heard a soft cry. It came from

under a bush. “Should I go near?” Amy wondered. As it grew louder, Amy

decided she must help the poor thing.

Amy crept closer and held her arm out. Just when she was about to reach

out, she saw a pair of eyes and heard a loud “Hissss!!!!” She also felt a

sharp pain. “Ouch!” Amy cried. Her arm had four long scratch marks. Amy

was upset. She really thought she was doing a good deed.

What does Amy love to do?

a. catching animals
b. listening to the trees
c. walking home from school
d. seeing the colors of the birds

2. What did she find unusual?

a. the thorny bush
b. the cry of an animal
c. the colors of the leaves
d. the singing of the birds

3. What did Amy want to do?

a. She wanted to save the animal.
b. She wanted to scare the animal.
c. She wanted to hurt the animal.
d. She wanted to keep the animal.

4. What happened when she tried to help?

a. She was yelled at.
b. She was scratched.
c. She was bitten.
d. She was pulled forward.

5. Why did the animal react that way?

a. The animal was getting ready to attack.
 b. The animal wanted to be friends.
c. The animal was scared of Amy.
d. The animal wanted to play.
6. What for Amy is a "good deed?"
a. a surprise
b. a harmful act
c. a brave action
d. an act of kindness

7. Which phrase best describes Amy?

a. a hardworking girl
b. a brave pet owner
c. a caring person
d. a diligent student
 APPENDIX A10
Key to Correction:
Graded Passages in in English Pre-Test (Sets A to D)
Set A
Gr. 2 Gr. 3 Gr. 4 Gr. 5 Gr. 6 Gr. 7

Dark
Pam’s Cat Summer Fun Get Up, Jacky! Frog’s Lunch Yawning
Chocolate
1.b 1.c 1.c 1.d 1.a 1.d
2.c 2.a 2.a 2.c 2.b 2.c
3.c 3.a 3.b 3.d 3.d 3.a
4.c 4.b 4.a 4.b 4.c 4.c
5.b 5.c 5.b 5.c 5.a 5.a
6.b 6.c 6.a 6.a 6.c
7.d 7.a 7.c
8.c 8.c
Set B
Gr. 2 Gr. 3 Gr. 4 Gr. 5 Gr. 6 Gr. 7

Waiting for the The Cow and

A Hot Day A Rainy Day Laughter Sneezing
Peddler the Carabao
1.c 1.c 1.b 1.a 1.c 1.b
2.a 2.b 2.c 2.c 2.c 2.b
3.c 3.c 3.a 3.b 3.b 3.c
4.b 4.c 4.a 4.b 4.d 4.d
5.a 5.a 5.b 5.a 5.b 5.a
6.b 6.c 6.d 6.b 6.c
7.c 7.b 7.c
8.c 8.b
Set C
Gr. 2 Gr. 3 Gr. 4 Gr. 5 Gr. 6 Gr. 7

Pedrito’s Effects of
Al’s Basket Ben’s Store Anansi’s Web Dust
Snack Anger
1.a 1.a 1.b 1.a 1.d 1.b
2.a 2.b 2.b 2.b 2.c 2.d
3.c 3.b 3.b 3.a 3.a 3.d
4.a 4.c 4.a 4.a 4.c 4.a
5.b 5.b 5.a 5.c 5.a 5.d
6.a 6.c 6.c 6.c 6.d
7.d 7.d 7.a
8.b 8.b
Set D
Gr. 2 Gr. 3 Gr. 4 Gr. 5 Gr. 6 Gr. 7

Nat Takes a Waiting for Her Amy’s Good

Wake up! Dreams Pain
Nap Sister Deed
1.b 1.a 1.b 1.c 1.a 1.c
2.c 2.b 2.b 2.b 2.d 2.d
3.c 3.c 3.b 3.a 3.a 3.d
4.a 4.b 4.c 4.b 4.d 4.b