ra.43 DEUTSCHE NORM April 1991 General tolerances for lineas-and angular dimensions and geometrical tolerances (Got to be used forivew designs) “10> Aligemelntoleranzen; Langen- und Winkelm: (cicht tur Neukonstruktionen) ‘This standard isnot to be used for new designs. Gener See also clause 1 and the Explanatory notes. Supersedes May 1981 fecition of DIN 7165 Part 1 and July 1986 sition of DIN 7168 Part 2. 'n keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), a ‘comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. 1 Scope This standard is intended to ensure that all drawings prepared to date in which general tolerances have been Specified on the basis of DIN 7168 will remain intelligible {and be interpreted correctly, and also to inform the user of this standard that, for ll new cesigns, tolerances are tobe specified on the basis of (SO 2768 Parts 1 and 2 2 Field of application General tolerances as specified in this standard are applicable for the dimensions of parts produced by metal femoval (2, chip removal)’, uniess this involves specia! ‘manutacturing processes for which other standards speci fying general tolerances apply. General tolerances as specified here shall apply when reference is made to this standard in drawings or ass0- ciated documents (e.g. celivery conditions) in accordance with clause 5. It special general tolerances are specifieg in accordance with other standards (ct. page 6), the standards concerned shall be Indicated on the drawing or in the associated documents. i, in cases where production specifications contain reterences to more than one standard on general tolerances, there is any doubt as to which standard is to apply for a given linear or angular dimension, then the siandard specifying the larger tolerance shall be deemed tw apply, Accordingly, a dimension between an unfinished and a finished surtace on a biank (@.g. on a casting blank or forging blank), for whieh no individual tolerance has been indicated, will be required to meet tne general tolerance given in the relevant standard on blanks. provided that is Indeed the larger tolerance, However, for @ dimension between two finished suriaces, the general tolerance ‘specified in OIN 7163 shall always apply, Production specifications in whieh linear sions (but not auxiliary dimensions) app Lally indicates tolerances shall be considered incomplete if there is no reference. or inadequate reterence, to general tolerances. General tolerances as specified inthis standard apgly for: 42} linear dimensions, such as external sizes, internal sizes, step sizes, dlameters, clearances (cl. table *), ‘external radii and chamfer heights ior roken edges (ct table 2); ') angular dimensions (¢t. table 2), both those indicated ‘and those not usually indicated an drawings, such as 90° angles or the angles of regular polygons; ©) linear and angular dinténsions produced by machining assembled parts; ) workpiece features for which no individual tolerances of form and position are incicated. General tolerances as specified in this standard do not apply for 4) linear and angular dimensions anc workpiece features for which tolerances have been individually incicated; linear and angular dimensions anc workpiece features for which other standaras on general tolerances a ‘specified in drawings or associates documents; auxiliary dimensions enclosed in brackets (ct. DIN 408 Part 2}, theoretically exact dimensions enclosed in rectangular frames as specified in ISO 1107; «) angular dimensions on cireviar graduations; ‘20° angles, not indicated on the drawing, between lines, forming coordinate axes: linear and angular dimensions produces by the assem- bly of parts: ‘workpiece features which are not produced by removal ‘of material. n accordance with the indication of a semi finished product on drawings. ) For concepts relating to manufacturing processes, see IN 8580. Continued on pages 2to 7 DIN 7168 Engl Price grou 6Page 2 OIN 7168 3. General tolerances for linear and angular dimensions 3:1 Linear dimensions Table 1 Permissible deviations in mm, for nominal sizes, n mm Tolerance | trom | over | over | over | over | over | over | over | over | over | over | over clase | 05) | "3 | “6. | 30. | 120 | 400 | 1000 | 2000 | 4000 | 00 | 12000 18000 2 | upto | upto | upt | upto | upto | upto | veto | unto | upto | upto | upto 3 | 6 | 30 | 120 |-400 | 1000 | 2000 | <000 | 000 | 12000] 16000 | 20000 fine) £005|+005/ 01 |to15| #02] +03 |+os|+o8] - | - [| - | mimedum [zor [tor | t02 [20s |t0s|tos|+12| +2 | 23 [+«|es|s6 cicoure) _[sars|xoz [sos |zos |ei2|a2 [as faa [es |2slz7|ze] - ssverveounn)| - [20s ai [aes [a2 [ea [ea lee | ea [ew |en|ee : ) For nominal sizes below 0,5 mm, the deviations shall be indicated adjacent to the relevant nominal size. Table 2. Permissible deviations for external radi, + (cl-tigure 1 for example), and chamfer heights, (ch gure 2 tor example) Permissible deviations, in mm, for nominal sizes, in me, Tolerance class from 05") . over | over | over | over a |°e" | (tine) ‘> (medium) 9 (coarse) oz|+1 | | se 139 (very coarsa) | ) For nominal sizes below 0,5 mm, the deviations shal be indicated adjacent to the relevant nominal size. s2| 24 5 Se Figure 1 Figure 2 3.2. Angular dimensions General tolerances for angular dimensions apply irrespec- tive of the actual dimensions ofthe lengths, 2. the angular deviations may occur both on workpieces with maximum- material sizes and on workpieces with minimum-material sizes, The upper and lower deviations do not limit the form {deviations of the legs or surfaces forming the angie. Note, In the case of workpieces exhibiting deviations of form, the angle is defined by the direction of the straight lines or planes appliac tothe two angle legs Under the minimum material conditions (ct 150 1101 for the definition of the minimum condi- tien) Table 3. Permissible deviations for angular dimensions: Paraah Saale e sete ates igen tem | ooo (at le 10 upto | upto up to 400 $0 | 120 i 400 mintaeey . orien een 4 General geometrical tolerances 4.1 Tolerancing principle as specitied in ISO 8015 General tolerances based on the tolerancing principle specitiea in 1SO 8015 are only to be applied when the {drawing concerned contains the reference ‘Talerancing to SO 8015" Where mat isthe case, the general geometrical {olerances (1.0. te tolerances of form ana position) apply Independently of the actual local sizes of the workpiece feature. Each inciviaual tolerance requirement must De set. The general geometrical tolerances may thus aiso oe applied even if the features are everywhere at their ‘maximum material size. For fits ine envelope requirement ‘must also be specified, and this shall be individually indicated on the drawings (ct. Explanatory notes) - 42.1. General tolerances of form 44.141 Straightness and flatness ‘The general tolerances on siraightness and flatness shall = eas specifi in table 4. Tolerances on stcaigntness shail be selected from the table on the basis of the length of he Corresponding line, while, for flatness tolerances, selec- tion shall be based on the longer lateral length of tne surface, or on the diameter ofthe circular surface 44.1.2 Gireularity “The general tolerance on circularity shall be equal to th ‘numerical value of ine diameter tolerance, Sut in no case shall it be greater than the respective tolerance on racial run-out given in table 6 (ct, Explanatory notes)ee a = OIN 7168 Pages fee toeteceeen sient oe Sa a ee cel eooet Micer®* lapto| cvees | overa0 | over120 | over d00 | over 1000 | over 2000 | over 400 | over | ups | wpe i20 | up 00 | up 101000 | upto 2000| upto 4000 | upto eoc0 | Sc00 = Joos} opr | 002 [aoe aor | a e ==] Ss [oovs| one | oma | ase | ors | oa | os | om | — T_ [ooes| os | ore | cas | oa | ee | os | 12 [ve ufo | os [es pa is | ee [owe se 41.18 Cylinatcity . General tolerances on cylindricity have not been specified. Note. If the envelope requirement is to apply to fits with cylindrical surtaces, the dimension concerned shall be identitieg by tne symbol ©, (0.9. S25 © or F 25H7 ©). 41.2 General tolerances of position 41.21. Parallelism ‘The limitation ofthe deviation in parallelism is given either by the general tolerances on straightness or flatness (ct. subclause 4.1.1.1), or by the tolerance on the distance between the parallel lines or surfaces, whichever is the greater, ‘The longar ofthe two features shall be taken as the datum. it both features are ofthe same nominal size, then either may ‘serve as the datum. If or functional reasons, these datum specifications are not permissible, then tne tolerance on parallelism shall be individually indicated es specitied in so 1101 Nota, ifthe envelope requirements to apply tits with lat mating surtaces, then the dimension concerned shall be identified by the symbol ©, as specified in 180 8015(e.g.20 ©.or90h7 @). 22 Perpendicularity and inctination General tolerances on perpendicularty and inclination have not been specie. Instead, te general tolerances on angular dimensions may be applied (ct. subciause 3.2) 41.23 Symmeiry ‘The general tolerances for symmetrical, but not axially symmetrical, features are to be taken from table 5. These General tolerances also apply in cases where one of the symmetrical features is axially symmetrical and the othe is not. For general tolerances on symmetry, the longer featur shall be taken as the datum. That applies to all features which may be referred to each other. both features are of the same, nominal tength, then either may serve as the ‘=! datum. I, for functional reasons, these datum speciica- tions are not permissible, he tolerance on symmetry shall -{be individually indicated as epeciiog In 90 110% cazially have not been specie wially.thay in exome cases be as fr, fadial run-out given in Re table 6, since the deviation in radial run-out comprises the 002 019 ss 095 A toa = 8 02 c 05 ° 1 : 7) Mainly applies for precision engineering applications Toschi apes epecnuea oe aa ctor cee ete Bites cles eh te oes Caste eindeogl eae) cree 5 Designation and indication on drawings of general tolerances as specified in DIN 7168 5.1 Designation of general tolerances for dimensions, only Exampl IN 7168 —m IN number Tolerance class m as per clause 3 ofthis standara 5.2 Designation of general tolerances based on ISO 8015 Exampl hs pub ace s | Tolerance class m as per cause 3 for size tolerance J Tolerance class $ as per subciause 4.1 for tolerances of form and position 5.3 Designation of general tolerances based on principle of ‘envelope requirement without indication on drawing’ as per DIN 7167 L 2 moles es ON7168—m—c w | ‘Tolerance class m as por clause 3 for size tolerance. Tolerance class Cas per subciause 4.2 for tolerance of position ; 3Pages DIN 7168 Standards referred to DIN 406 Part2 Indication of dimensions on drawings ON 7167 Relalonship between dimansioal and geometrical toleancing: envelepe requirement without Individual tolerance indications IN. 8580 (atpresent athe stage of draf Manutacturing processes: concepts and classification 'SO 1101:1989 Technical drawings: geometrical tolerancing; tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out; generalities, definitions, symbols, indications on drawings 'S0 2768 Part 1:1989 Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indications 180 2768 Part2:1989 Geometrical tolerances for features without individual tolerance indications SO 8018:1985 Technica! drawings: fundamental tlerancing principle Other relevant standards : r DIN 1680Part1 Rough castings: general tolerances and machining allowances: general A DIN 1680Part2 Rough castings; general tolerances DIN 1683 Parti Rough castings; general tolerances and macrining allowances DIN 1684Part1 Rough castings of malleable iron; general tolerances and machining allowances DIN 1685Part1 Rough castings of grey ron with nodular graphite: general tolerances and machining allowances DIN 1686 Part1 Rough castings of gry iron with flake graphite: general tolerances and machining allowances DIN 1687 Part! Heavy metal alloy rough castings: sand eastings: general tolerances and machining allowances DIN 1607 Porta. Heavy meal aloy rough castings: chiled mole castings: general tolerances and machinng = @ allowances OWN 1887 Par'¢ Heavy metal ly rovg castigs casing: coer oararcas and machining alowances DIN 1688 Part Light meta alley rough castings; sand c tolerances and machining allowances DIN 1688Pat3 Light metal alloy rough castings; chilled mould castings; general tolerances and machining allowances DIN 1688 Part4 Light meta alloy rough castings; dicastings: genera tolerances anc machining allowances ON 6129 Packaging materials; glass bottles and hollow bodies: permissible deviations for dimensions without tolerance indication in the of bottles manufactured fully automatically DIN 6500 Part2 Stamped sige! parts; cut parts from tlat products: dimensions and permissible deviations DIN. 7525 ‘Steel forcings; tolerances and permissible deviations for drop forgings DIN 8570 Part? General tolerances for welded structures; linear and angular dimensions DIN 8570 Part General tolerances for welded structures; geometrical tolerances IN 28005 Part General tolerances for vessels; general purpose vessels DIN 58165 Permissible deviations for optical components; dimensions without individual tolerance indication: ‘material and machining defects, Previous editions DIN 7168: 02.56, 04.80, 03, 07.86. DIN 7168 Part 1: 08.70, 08.77, 10.79, 05.81; DIN 7168 Part 2:01.74, 10.79, 05.81, 8 Amendments ‘The May 1981 edition of IN 7168 Part 1 and the July 1986 edition of DIN 7168 Part 2 have been combined in one scope of which has been designated as not being applicable for new designs (see Explanatory notes).Explanatory notes When this standard was being revised prior to publication ‘of the August 1977 edition, the aim was already to arrange the content of the two Parts of the standard so thal they would complement each other as much a= possible. Initially, the introduction in Part 2 of a table giving tol. frances on perpendicularity and inclination was planned, ‘supplementary fo table 3in DIN 7168 Part 1. After thorough ‘examination, however, this idea was abandoned. The feasons for this are given in the Explanatory notes to DIN 7168 Part 2 (May 1981 edition). {In the past, misunderstandings and difficulties were ire- {Quently experienced in conneetion with the values in mm 100 mm then still specified in table 3. For this reason, the corresponding column in the table has been omitted, and permissible deviations are now given in units of angle, only. For cases where metrological reasons require angu- lar dimensions tobe converted into linear dimensions, the tangent vaiues for the individual angles nave been listed in table 9 below. ‘The present standard should not be used for new designs, these now being covered by iSO 2768Parss 1 and2. The ISO Standards are largely bases on the specifications of the former DIN Standards. For further details, please consult International Patent Classification 6018 2100 Gore 2102 Go1e2ve0 the national forewords to the German eaitions of 1S0 2763 > Parts 1 and 2. : ‘The Explanatory notes in the earlier editions of DIN 7168 Parts 1 and 2 explained in detail the concepts behind the tolerancing specifications. These explanations have not ‘been included in this edition. However, as this edition is. n terms ofits content, an otherwise unaltered combination of the eariler standards, the explanations concerned remain relevant forthe specifications made here, Table 9. Angles and their tangent values Angle Tangent Angie | Tangent S10" ‘0.0028 30° | 00087 15° cos 50” | opts 20" oooss | 1° 00175 25° coors | 1290" | oozs2 4 i