Carbohydrates

_j ;, l
Monosaccharides Disaccharides 01 i gosa cc ha rides Polysacc harides
one (tMi (twototen (ten or more
sug.., rnoli::culc) su~r molecules) sugar mo!ecu:es) rugarmo!~cu·es)

~ Glucose
_., Sucrose _. Rafflnose
_J. Starch
I

r--+- Fructose
-1 Lactose
I ...... Suchyose
-- Glycogen

I
GalactOM ...... Maltose -, CtUulos•
 OH
OH
 CH 2 0 H

I fO O OH

0~

OH
 ~o OH
HO
OH CH 20H
OH
 CH20H
Q1
OIH H·
0 H· liiiiiiiiiiiiii

OH OH
 CH OH CH OH
I z

OH

OH OH H a,

H
I
OH

H IOH H OH

Galacto se
1
Glucose
 6 6
CH 20H CH 2 0H

5
0
1H 5
IH
H
~
OH H H
H
3 3

H IH
Maltose
 OHOH
0
HO
OH
0
0 OH
HO 0
HO
OH
0
OH
OH

0
 OH OH

HO
OH
OHO

HO
OH
0

HO ~--0 OH
0
HO~_,,,--.
OH
0
OH OH
 al -4 glycosidic linkage
6
«>cH 20H CH 20H
- - -0 ---o

0 0 0 0-

OH 0 11

Amylose

011 011
_ al -6 glycosidic linkage
al-4 glycosidic linkage 0
at branch point

6
Ct 1201 I
0

0 0 0 0-
3
Oil OH II OH
Amylopectin
 0 Glucose-1-phosphate
I
O= P- 0
I
0
1
0
II
0 - P- 0 UTP
OH OH 6
Glucose-6-phospha te
0 o- o-
I I I
- o - P- 0 - P- 0 - P- 0
II II \ ) 11
0 0 0

0 OH OH
2
0 0 0 0
I I I I
0 - P- 0 - P- 0 - o-P-o-P-0-
OH 8 8 11
0
11
0

UDP-glucose OH OH Pyrophosphate
 OH
HIO . · ~ · O'
HO ·~ ~ 0 ~

n
 Glucose metabolism
Intake:

lycogen Storage:
.
...
Glycogen

Distribution
isaccharides and
utilization:
case

Monosaccharid s
(glucose, fructose,
galactose)