PRINSIP-PRINSIP FISIKA KESEHATAN DALAM

KEPERAWATAN

Di Susun Oleh :
1. Bayu Aditya
2. Triaanis Safitri

Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak

Jurusan Keperawatan Singkawang
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE............................................................................................... ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................................... iii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1

A. Background ........................................................................................... 1

B. Formulation Of The Problem..................................................................................... 1

C. Purpose........................................................................................................... 2

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION........................................................................................... 3

A. Biomechanics ................................................................................................ 3

a. Definition Of Biomechanics ......................................................................... 3

b. Body Mechanics .................................................................................. 3

B. Bioelectricity ......................................................................................................... 4

a. Definition Of Bioelectricity .................................................................................. 4

b. Electricity and magnetism arising in the human body ...................................5

c. Kinds of electric current waves ....................................... 5

C. Fluida.......................................................................................................................5

a. Fluida................................................................................................................6

b. Hydrodynamics...............................................................................................6

c. Heart sounds..................................................................................................6

d. Blood Pressure..............................................................................................6

CHAPTER III CONCLUDING .................................................................................................. 7

A. Conclusion ................................................................................................... 7
 PREFACE

       in the name of Allah SWT, the Most Merciful, the most merciful, we
pray praise and gratitude for his presence, which has bestowed Grace,
guidance to us so that we can complete the paper “Principles Of Health
Physics in nursing ”.

     This paper we have compiled with maksmal, apart from that we are
fully aware that there are still shortcomings both in terms of sentence
structure and grammar.

     Finally we hope that this paper can increase knowledge for readers,
to be able to improve the form and add to the content of this paper to
be better, therefore we really expect constructive criticism from
readers for the sake of perfection of this paper.

Singkawang 16 september 2022

ii
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
A. Background

Biomechanics is one of the four field of research information ergonomics, namely

research on human physical strength includes human physical strength or power when working
and learning how to work and equipment must be designed so that in accordance with the
physical capabilities of man when perform these activities.

Bioelectricity is the electricity found in living beings, the electrical voltage on our bodies is
different from what we imagine. Like electricity in the household. Electricity in the body is
related to the composition of ions contained in the body. The composition of extra-cell ions is
different from the composition of intra-cell ions. In extra cells there are more NA and Cl2 ions,
while intra cells there are H ions and protein anions.

One of the natural phenomena that is often found is the fluid phenomenon. Fluid is
defined as a substance that can flow. The term fluid includes both liquids and gases because
liquids such as water and gases such as air can flow. Solids such as rock or iron do not flow, so
they cannot be classified as fluids. Water is an example of a liquid. There are still examples of
other liquid substances such as lubricating oil, milk, and so on. All liquids can be grouped into
fluids because of their properties that can flow from one place to another.

B. Formulation of The Problem

The formulation of the problem is as follows :

A. Biomechanics

a. Definition Of Biomechanics

b. Body Mechanics

c. Principles of Body mechanics

d. Factors affecting Body mechanics

B.Bioelectricity

a. Definition Of Bioelectricity
 b. Electricity and magnetism arising in the human body

c. Kinds of electric current waves

C. Fluida

1. Fluid

2. Hydrodynamics

3. Heart Sound

4. Blood pressure

C. Purpose

To know :

a. A. Biomechanics

a. Definition Of Biomechanics

b. Body Mechanics

c. Principles of Body mechanics

d. Factors affecting Body mechanics

B.Bioelectricity

a. Definition Of Bioelectricity

b. Electricity and magnetism arising in the human body

c. Kinds of electric current waves

C. Fluida

1. To know about fluids

2. To know about hydrodynamics

3. To know about heart sounds

4. To know about blood pressure

 5. Can know and understand the application of fluid theory in the health sector

BAB ll
DISCUSSION
A. BIOMECHANICS

a. Definition of Biomechanics

Biomechanics is one of the four field of research information ergonomics, namely research on
human physical strength includes human physical strength or power when working and learning how to
work and equipment must be designed so that in accordance with the physical capabilities of man when
perform these activities.

b. Body Mechanics

1. Understanding Body Mechanics

Body mechanics is the coordinated effort of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems to
maintain proper balance. Body mechanics is basically how the body is efficiently coordinated and safe so
as to produce good movement and maintain balance during activity.

2. Principles of Body Mechanics

Body mechanics are important to the nurse and her clients. This affects their level of
Health. Correct body mechanics are necessary to support the level of Health and prevent disability as
well as to maintain the safety of the client. In addition, body mechanics also aims to entertain patients
by increasing comfort and cooperation. In this case, nurses use different muscle groups for each nursing
activity, administering medication, lifting, and moving clients and moving objects.

3. Body mechanics includes 3 basic elements, namely :

1. Body Alignment (Posture)

Geometric arrangement of body parts in relation to other parts of the body.

2. Balance

The balance depends on the interaction between the center of gravity, the line of gravity and the base
of support.

3. Coordinated body movements

Where body mechanics interact in Musculoskeletal and nervous system functions.

B. BIOELECTRY

a. Definition Of Bioelectricity

Bioelectricity is the energy that every human being has that comes from ATP (Adenosine Tri
Posphate) where ATP is produced by one of the energy called mitchondria through the process of cellular
respiration. Bioelectricity is also a cell phenomenon. The cells are capable of generating an electrical potential
which is a thin layer of positive charge on the outer surface and a thin layer of negative charge on the inner
surface of the boundary plane/membrane.
 Voltage (voltage) electricity or often called electrical potential can be generated by body cells.
The resulting voltage is referred to as bio-or biopotential voltage . the greatest tension is generated by
nerve cells ( nerve) and muscle cells (muscle). The voltage that occurs in the cell (hereinafter referred to
as cell voltage (cell potentials)), continuously maintained its existence, and to maintain it, a large
amount of energy is needed.

b. Electricity and Magnetism that arise in the human body

a. Nervous System and Neurons

b. Ion concentration inside and outside the cell

c. Nerve electricity

d. Action potential propagation

e. Electrical at synapses and neuroyal junction

f. Heart Muscle Electricity

g. Electrode

h. Body Electrical Signal

c. Kinds of Electric Current Waves

Electric current waves are closely related to the use of electric currents to stimulate
sensory nerves. The waves in question include:

- Alternating current / sinusoidal

- Half wave current (already submitted)

- Full direct current but still contains ripple

- Pure direct current

- Faradic

- Surged faradic /jerk faradic

- Surge sinusoidal/sinusoidal jerk

- Interrupt Galvanic

- Sawtooth Flow
Cardiac Muscle Electrical Activity

a. Electric Current Frequencyl

Electric current is divided into two forms:

- Low frequency electricity

- High frequency electricity

C. Fluida

a. Fluida

Fluid is one of the important aspects in everyday life. Every day humans
inhale it, drink it, float or sink in it. Every day airplanes fly through it and ships
float above it. Likewise a submarine can float or float in it. he water we drink and
the air we breathe also circulates in the human body all the time, though often
unconsciously.

Fluids are divided into two parts, namely static fluids (fluids at rest) and
dynamic fluids (fluids in motion). Static fluid is considered when the fluid is at rest
or in a state of equilibrium. Fluid dynamics is considered when the fluid is in
motion.

b. Hydrodynamics

Hydrodynamics is a branch of physics that studies substances that flow.

Flowing fluids include:
• Pressure

• Flow speed

• Layers of fluid that do friction

The instrument used to calculate the flow velocity of a liquid is a venturimeter

The instrument used to calculate the flow velocity of a liquid is a venturimeter

Gaseous substances include: air, oxygen O2, nitrogen, CO2 and so on

c. Heart Sounds

The heart sound is the sound caused by the process of opening and closing
the heart valves due to vibration in the heart and large blood vessels. Heart sound
is also known as heart sound.

d. Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is the pressure used to circulate blood in the blood vessels in the bod.
The hear, which acts as a muscle pump, supplies this pressure to move blood and also circulates
blood throughout the bod. Blood vessels (in this case arteries) have elastic walls and provide
equal resistance to blood flow. Therefore, there is pressure in the circulatory system, even
heart rate.

BAB III
 Closing

A. Conclusion

Mechanics is one of the branches of science from the field of alka science which
studies the movement and preservation of the shape of a material caused by a mechanical
stress called a force. Engineering mechanic, also known as applied mechanic, is the study of the
application of the principles of mechanics. Applied mechanics studies the analysis and design of
mechanical system.

Bioelectry is energy that is generated every time that comes from ATP (Adenosine Tri
Phosphate) where ATP is produced by an energy unit called Michondria jasmine cell respiration
procces Molistrik is also a phenomenon of cells capable of generating electrical potential which
is a thin layer of positive charge on the cell. Initial buoyancy and a negative mustan film on the
inner surface of the membrane boundary.

Fluid is an important aspect in everyday life. Every day humans inhale it, drink it, float
or sink in it. Fluid are divided into two parts, namely static fluids (fluids at rest) and dynamic
fluids (fluids in motion). The pressure generated by the fluid layer above can be said to be
internal pressure because the pressure itself comes from within the flui, while atmospheric
pressure can be called external pressure because the atmosphere is separated from the fluid.