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Senior High School

Disciplines and Ideas

in Social Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 9:
 Dominant Approaches and

Ideas of Social Sciences –

Hermeneutical Phenomenology and

Human
Environment Systems
www.shsph.blogspot.com
Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 9: Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences –
Hermeneutical Phenomenology and Human-Environment Systems First
Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education
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Ronilo AJ K. Firmo PhD, CESO V
Librada M. Rubio PhD
Development Team of the Module

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www.shsph.blogspot.com Senior High School

Disciplines and Ideas

in Social Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 9:
Dominant Approaches and Ideas of
Social Sciences – Hermeneutical
Phenomenology and Human
Environment Systems
www.shsph.blogspot.com
Introductory Message
For the learners:
This module will let you know about the emergence of the Social Sciences. It
will help you understand the nature, goals, and perspectives of Social Sciences.
This module is designed to provide you fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
It will make you enable to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences / Grade 11 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences –
Hermeneutical Phenomenology and Human-Environment Systems
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
 In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
What I Need to Know
the module.

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This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
What I Know
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

This is a brief drill or review to help you

link the current lesson with the previous
What’s In
one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as
What’s New
a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener,
an activity or a situation.

This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
What is It
and understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
What’s More
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
 This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
What I Have Learned
process what you learned from the lesson.

This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
What I Can Do
skill into real life situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
Assessment
competency.

In this portion, another activity will be

given to you to enrich your knowledge or
Additional Activities
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.

This contains answers to all activities in

the module.
Answer Key

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At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget
to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the
module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the definition of anthropology, sociology and political science. The scope
of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Analyze the basic concepts and principles of the major Social Science ideas;
and
2. Interpret personal and social experiences using relevant approaches in the
Social Sciences.

Notes to the Teacher

This Alternative Delivery Mode has been developed to help
you facilitate the learners in understanding the key concepts and
approaches in the Social Sciences.

What I Know

Matching Type
Match Column A to Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
COLUMN A (outside of) that person.
C. In the study of literary texts, scholars
_______ 1. Thematic Map frequently adhere to a set of rules or a
specific system on which to base their
_______ 2. Lived Space
interpretation.
_______ 3. Hermeneutics D. A complex of many variables which
surrounds man as well as the living
_______ 4. Landscape organisms.
E. It is the existential theme that refers
_______ 5. Phenomenological Analysis us to the world or landscape in which
human beings move and find
_______ 6. Natural Landscape _______ 7. themselves at home.
Environment F. It refers to our physical body or bodily
presence in our everyday lives,
_______ 8. Human including all that we feel, reveal,
conceal, and share through our lived
_______ 9. Phenomenology body.
G. Based on discussions and reflections
_______ 10. Lived Body of direct sense perception and
COLUMN B experiences of the researched
phenomenon.
A. Original landscapes that exists before H. Have the capacity to change or
it is acted upon by human culture. influence the balance of society. I. the
B. Refers to a person’s perception of the visible features of an area of land
meaning of an event, as opposed to of countryside or land, often
the event as exist externally to considered in terms of their aesthetic
 appeal. temperature variation, rainfall
J. Focuses on a specific theme or subject distribution, and population density
area such as physical phenomena like in an area

What’s In

Directions: Below words are jumbled about the previous lesson. Find out what the
word is and write it on a separate sheet of paper.
1. NTIOTINSITU - _________________
2. YTESIUALX - _________________
3. MINEFIMS - _________________
4. NROTGNEMEV - _________________
5. YEMOCON - _________________

What’s New
Directions: Write down what you know and want to learn about the basic concepts
and principles of the major social science ideas. Do it on a separate sheet of paper.
What I KNOW What I WANT to learn

Environmental Issue

Hermeneutics

Phenomenology

Human

What is It
Lesso Dominant Approaches
n 1 and Ideas of Social
Sciences – Hermeneutical
Phenomenology and
Human Environment
Systems

Hermeneutical Phenomenology
A research method used in qualitative research in the fields of education and
other human sciences. It arose out of and remains closely tied to phenomenological
philosophy, a strand of continent philosophy. Phenomenology becomes
hermeneutical when its method is taken to be interpretive (rather than purely
descriptive as a transcendental phenomenology) (Berroya 2017).
• Phenomenology
- Refers to a person’s perception of the meaning of an event, as opposed to
the event as exist externally to (outside of) that person (Alfornon 2019).
• Hermeneutics
- In the study of literary texts, scholars frequently adhere to a set of rules or
a specific system on which to base their interpretation (Alfornon 2019).
- The interpretation of nonliterary texts, such as art or philosophy, may also
require adherence to such a method (Alfornon 2019).
- The specific rules used to interpret and understand a text are known
collectively as hermeneutics (Alfornon 2019).
• Hermeneutic Analysis
- A name for various methods of analysis, which are based on interpreting. -
The strategy forms an opposite to those research strategies which stress
objectivity and independence of interpretations in the formations in
formation of knowledge (Alfornon 2019).
• Hermeneutic Research
- Enables you to make interpretations and gain an in-depth understanding of
the researched phenomenon (Berroya 2017).
- Hermeneutic research emphasizes subjective interpretations in the research
of meanings of texts, art, culture, social phenomena and thinking (Alfornon
2019).

• Phenomenological Analysis
- Based on discussions and reflections of direct sense perception and
experiences of the researched phenomenon (Berroya 2017).
- A starting point of the strategy is your ability to approach a project without
prior assumptions, definitions or theoretical frameworks. A key aspect of this
method of analysis is phenomenological reduction (Alfornon 2019). •
Phenomenological Research
- Enables you to explore experiences and sensory perception (different to
abstract perceptions) of researched phenomenon, and the formation of
understanding based on these experiences and perceptions (Alfornon 2019).
- Your research strategy is based, therefore, on either your own or other
people’s experiences and sensory perceptions (Alfornon 2019).
Table 1: Lived Experiences of Hermeneutical Phenomenology
Lived Experiences Description

Lived body It refers to our physical body or bodily presence in our

everyday lives, including all that we feel, reveal,
conceal, and share through our lived body. We are
always present in the world through our body; as
such, it is through our lived body that we
communicate, feel, interact, and experience the world
(Stephanie Rich 2013).
 Lived space It is the existential theme that refers us to the world or
landscape in which human beings move and find
themselves at home. When we want to understand a
person we ask about his or her world, profession,
interests, background, place of birth and childhood,
etc.
(Manen 2011)

Lived time It can be understood as time as we experience it. This

is composed of a subjective understanding of time as
opposed to the more objective or “factual” time, and it
refers to the ways in which we experience our world on
a temporal level. The way we feel can influence how
we experience time and moments, and conversely,
constraints, freedoms, and demands placed by time
can also affect how we feel (Stephanie Rich 2013).

Lived human relations Refers to the relations we make and/or maintain with
others in our lifeworld. Our human relations include
the communications and relationships we experience
with others through the spaces and interactions we
share and create with them (Stephanie Rich 2013).

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Human-Environment System
Human (David 2018)
- Have the capacity to interact with their environment.
- Humans and the environment have that “mutual” interaction with each
other. - Have the capacity to change or influence the balance of society. (David
2018) Environment (David 2018)
- A complex of many variables which surrounds man as well as the living
organisms.
- Includes water, air and land and the interrelation ships which exists among and
between water, air and land.
System
- It may be described as a complex of interacting components together with the
relationships among them that permit the identification of a boundary
maintaining entity or process. (David 2018)
Human-Environment Systems (David 2018)
- Also known as CHANS (coupled human and natural system).
- Dynamical two-way interactions between human systems (e.g. economic, social)
and natural (e.g. hydrologic, atmospheric, biological, geological) systems.
- Social and natural systems are inseparable.
 - Tackle broader investigations into the complex nature of reciprocating
interactions and feedbacks humans on the environment and the effect of the
environment on humans.
Landscape (Berroya 2017)
- The visible features of an area of land of countryside or land, often considered in
terms of their aesthetic appeal.
- Part of the Earth’s surface that can be viewed at one time from one
place. - Continually changing under the influence of many different
factors. 2 Types of Landscape (David 2018)
1. Natural Landscape
– Original landscapes that exists before it is acted upon by human
culture. 2. Cultural Landscape
– Cultural properties [that] represent the combined works of nature and of
man (World Heritage Committee)
– Designed and created intentionally by man
– An organically evolved landscape which may be relict landscape

Thematic Map
- Focuses on a specific theme or subject area such as physical phenomena like
temperature variation, rainfall distribution, and population density in an area
(Berroya 2017).
Mental Map (Berroya 2017)
- First-person perspective of an area and how they interact with it.
- The image you have of your neighborhood. Your mental map of where you live
allows you to know how to get to your favorite coffee shop.
- It is what you use to plan activities and routes to travel.
Spatial Distribution (Berroya 2017)
- The arrangement of a phenomenon across Earth’s surface and graphical display
of such an arrangement is an important tool in geographical and environmental
statistics.
- Describes how spread out a population is (what area it occurs in), while
population density describes how many individuals are found in a given area.
Spatial Analysis
- A type of geographical analysis which seeks to explain patterns of human
behavior and its spatial expression in terms of mathematics, and geometry, that
is, locational analysis. (Berroya 2017)
Environmental Issues (Environmental Action and Effects)
Many of the environmental issues today relate to humans over use of finite
resources for economic development. As a species, humans tend to regard the
environment as a never ending source of materials and energy. Healthy ecosystems
and environments are necessary to the survival of humans and other organisms.
Ways of reducing negative human impact are environmental resources
management, environmental protection, and environmentally friendly chemical
engineering (David 2018).
Table 2: Human Actions and Its Environment – Source: (David 2018)
Description

1. Human Human overpopulation occurs when the ecological foot

Overpopulation print of a human population in a specific geographical
location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place
occupied by that group.
- Water scarcity
- Land reclamation
- Waste disposal management
- Urbanization

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2. Intensive Intensive farming or intensive agriculture is a kind of

Farming agriculture where a lot of capital and labor are used to
increase the yield that can be obtained per area.
- Intensive animal farming
- Intensive crop farming
- Pesticide drift
- Plasticulture
- Slash and burn
- Deforestation
- Environmental effects of meat products

3. Exhaustive It involves exhaustive management and modification of

Land Use natural environment or wilderness into built environment
such as settlements and semi-natural habitats such as
arable fields, arrangements, activities, and inputs that
people undertake in a certain land cover type.
- Habitat fragmentation
- Habitat destruction
- Land degradation
- Built environment
- Desertification

4. Hydrology It is the scientific study of the movement, distribution,

and quality of water on Earth and other planets,
including the water cycle, water resources and
environmental watershed sustainability.
- Tile drainage
- Flooding
- Landslide
 What I Have Learned

True or False:
Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Place a T on the line if you think a
statement it TRUE. Place an F on the line if you think the statement is FALSE. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
_______ 1. Intensive agriculture is a kind of agriculture where a lot of capital and
labor are used to increase the yield that can be obtained per area.
_______ 2. Social and natural systems are separable.
_______ 3. Animals and the environment have that “mutual” interaction with each
other.
_______ 4. Plasticulture is one example of intensive farming.
_______ 5. Phenomenological Research enables you to explore experiences and
sensory perception of researched phenomenon, and the formation of
understanding based on these experiences and perceptions.

What I Can Do
Essay
Directions: We can no longer deny that Mother Earth is dying, and the major reason
is because of the human activities which destroy our environment. On separate
sheet of paper, write an essay about how you will help our Mother Earth to restore
in your own way(s) as a Senior High School student.

Assessment

Identification
Choose the word of the correct answer. Write the answer on a separate sheet.
Hermeneutics Lived Space Natural Phenomenology Landscape
Landscape

Thematic Environment Phenomenologi Lived Body Human

Map cal Analysis

_______ 1. Original landscapes that exists before it is acted upon by human culture.
_______ 2. Refers to a person’s perception of the meaning of an event, as opposed to
 the event as exist externally to (outside of) that person.
_______ 3. In the study of literary texts, scholars frequently adhere to a set of rules
or a specific system on which to base their interpretation.
_______ 4. A complex of many variables which surrounds man as well as the living
organisms.
_______ 5. It is the existential theme that refers us to the world or landscape in
which human beings move and find themselves at home.
_______ 6. It refers to our physical body or bodily presence in our everyday lives,
including all that we feel, reveal, conceal, and share through our lived body.
_______ 7. Based on discussions and reflections of direct sense perception and
experiences of the researched phenomenon.
_______ 8. Have the capacity to change or influence the balance of society.
_______ 9. the visible features of an area of land of countryside or land, often
considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.
_______ 10. Focuses on a specific theme or subject area such as physical
phenomena like temperature variation, rainfall distribution, and
population density in an area.

Additional Activity

Poster Making
Directions: In this pandemic time, draw an illustration on how this pandemic affects
the Human-Environment Systems. Use a separate sheet of paper.

References

Alfornon, Chano. "Hermeneutical Phenomenology." Slide Share, 2019.

Berroya, Ma Cecilia L & Berroya , Mary Yzobelle Ann L. Discipline and Ideas in the
Social Sciences for Senior High School. Intramuros, Manila: Unlimited Books
Library Services & Publishing Inc., 2017.

David, Gwen. "Human Environment System." Slide Share, 2018.

Manen, Max. "A Research for Phenomenological Inquiry." Phenomenology Online,

2011.

Stephanie Rich, Melissa Graham, Ann Taket, Julia Shelley. "Navigating the Terrain
of Lived Experience: The Value of Lifeworld Existentials For." International
Journal of Qualitative Methods, 2013.
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