Civil Engineering Nov 2022 Review Innovations Theory 5

THREE-MOMENT EQUATION If E and I are constant and points 1, 2, and 3 are unsettling supports:
M1 L1 æ L L ö ML 6A1 a1 6A2 b2 æh h ö
+ 2M2 ç 1 + 2 ÷ + 3 2 + + =6ç 1 + 3 ÷ M1L1 + 2M2(L1 + L2) + M3L2 +
6 A1 a1
+
6 A2b2
=0
E1 I 1 è E1 I 1 E2 I 2 ø E2 I 2 E1 I1 L1 E2 I 2 L2 è L1 L2 ø L1 L2
If E is constant this equation becomes:
6A2 b2 Situation 1. A beam 100 mm ´ 150 300 N/m
M1 L1 æL L ö ML 6A1 a1 æh h ö
+ 2M2 ç 1 + 2 ÷ + 3 2 + + = 6E ç 1 + 3 ÷ mm carrying a uniformly
I1 I
è 1 I 2 ø I2 I1L1 I L
2 2 L
è 1 L2 ø distributed load of 300 N/m
rests on three supports spaced A B C
If E and I are constant, then:
3 m apart as shown below. x 3m 3m x
6A1 a1 6A2 b2 æh h ö The length x is so calculated in
M1L1 + 2M2(L1 + L2) + M3L2 + + = 6EI ç 1 + 3 ÷ order that the reactions at all supports shall be the same.
L1 L2 è L1 L2 ø
1. Find x in meters. Answer: 1.319
2. Find the moment at B in N×m. Answer: -207
Values of 6Aa / L and 6Ab / L for Common Loadings 3. Calculate the reactions in Newton. Answer: 863.8
6Aa 6Ab
Type of Loading L Solution to Situation 1.
L
P 300(2 x + 6)
a b R= = 100(2x + 6) N
Pa 2 Pb 2 3
(L - a2 ) (L - b2 )
L L
L
MA = MC = -300x(x/2)
P
MA = -150x2 N×m
L/2 L/2
3PL2 3PL2 æx+3ö
MB = 3R – 300(x + 3) ç ÷
8 8 è 2 ø
L
MB = 300(2x + 6) – 150(x + 3)2
wo

w oL3 w oL3 By Three-Moment Equation

4 4 æ 6 Ab ö
æ 6 Aa ö
L MALAB + 2MB(LAB + LBC) + MCLBC + ç ÷ + çç ÷ =0
è L ø AB è L ÷øCB
wo
8w oL3 7w oL3
300(3 3 ) 300(3 3 )
-150x2(3) + 2MB(3 + 3) – 150x2(3) + + =0
60 60 4 4
L 12MB = 900x2 – 4050
wo MB = 75x2 – 337.5

5woL3 5woL3 MB = MB
32 32 300(2x + 6) – 150(x + 3)2 = 75x2 – 337.5
L/2 L/2 600x + 1800 – 150(x2 + 6x + 9) = 75x2 – 337.5
M 225x2 + 300x – 787.5 = 0
a b
M M
- (3a2 - L2 ) (3b2 - L2 )
L L x = 1.319 m
L
MB = 75x2 – 337.5 = 207 N×m
R = 100(2x + 6) = 863.8 N
Civil Engineering Nov 2022 Review Innovations Theory 5
Problem 1: Problem 3:
If E = 2 GPa and I = 3 ´ 108 mm4. Support A settles by 10 mm and support B
40 kN 40 kN
16 kN/m settles by 20 mm. Determine the reactions at supports.
10 kN/m

20 kN
7.5 kN/m
5m 2.5 2.5 1.5m 3m 1.5m
m m C
R1 R2 R3 R4

2m 3m 2m 1m
A B

Solution 1:
Problem 4:
Draw the shear and moment diagram of the given beam.

30 kN
15 kN/m 2.5 kN

Shear Diagram

4m 8m 5m
A B C D

Problem 2: Problem 5:
A continuous beam ABCD has spans of AB = 6m, BC = 5m and CD = 4m. Span
6 kN AB is carrying a triangular load that varies uniformly from 0 to 15 kN/m and is
2 kN/m
8 kN×m
applied starting from a point 2m from A and terminates at point B. Span BC is
carrying a 15 kN/m uniformly distributed load applied from B to C. Span CD
2m 2m 4m 1m 2m
is carrying also a 15 kN/m uniformly distributed load from point C to a point
A 2m from D.
R1 R2 R3 R4 1. Determine the Moment at B in kN-m.
2. Determine the Moment at C in kN-m.
3. Determine the reaction at A in kN.
Solution 2: 4. Determine the reaction at B in kN.
5076.7 N 5. Determine the reaction at C in kN.
3615 N 6. Determine the reaction at D in kN.

A B C
x Problem 6:
A beam 6m in length has one of its supports at the left end and the other placed
-923.3 N
-2422.5 N 2m from the right end. Exactly at the free end, the beam is carrying a 50 kN load.
Shear Diagram -4385 N Using Three Moment Equation, determine the deflection at the free end.