Review of Related Literature

The Philippines is one of the nations with a diverse range of literary art forms,

including oral traditions and folktales that are passed down to succeeding generations.

Although these literary works have been the subject of repeated investigations, some

storylines and literary study topics, including Philippine mythology, are being

overlooked. However, the extensive integration of these stories into academia may help

to resolve the preservation and acknowledgement of Philippine myths (Reyes, 2022).

Voting to accept myth in our lives as a society is essential. The loss of myths by

most contemporary writers has been bemoaned by many modern philosophers.

Scientism, an excessive concentration on science, and science's offspring, the machine,

have made man cold and heartless. For modern man to retain his humanity even when

assisted by science and technology, it is necessary to rediscover our mythology. The

act of rediscovering our myths does not require us to hold them in the same regard as

our ancestors did. That is simply not possible. But it also means that we must

rediscover the qualities of childhood—its innocence, simplicity, and truth—and

recognize how they are timeless. These tales are what we refer to as living myths.

These rumors are obviously still quite important and have an impact on human lives.

Myth and custom to one another. Because it is via retelling myths that the significance

absorbed and made reflective by the rite. Additionally, it is essential If the ritual's goals

are to be met, this introspection must take place and adopted by the community's

citizens. In any case, if Drama is used alone, without accompanying narration, the Once

the rite is over, its significance will disappear. In fact, it might move. and hold the
audience's interest throughout. But unless, the impact will be lost recitation caused

internalization (Demetrio, 2019).

From the beginning of the planet through the legends of places, plants, and

animals, Jocano (2020) meticulously organized his collection of myths and legends.

They described how the ancestors understood their encounters, anxieties, feelings,

desires, and hopes. Castillo (2021) placed a strong emphasis on the idea that cultural

force causes a culture to emerge. The spirit of nationalism may wane, material

advancement and political power may cease to exist, but true literary greatness endures

against the forces of deterioration and decline. A people's ideas have meaning when

their heritage is preserved. It reshapes minds. Dacanay (2019) observed a variety of

literary techniques and subjects that lend folk literature a broad appeal. Regarding the

Mayaoyao social institution, Angiwan (2019) discovered that the demand for animal

sacrifices impeded the development of the populace's educational level.

One of the earliest methods of preserving a society's history and culture is written

literature and myths. It contributes significantly by using written information developed

using an established writing system to mirror and reflect the past with the present

culture its people share and have created as a part of their shared identity (Dubey,

2017). A society must also record its literature, according to Kuli (2021), as this

prepares the path for cultural preservation and the maintenance of cultural identity.

Additionally, written literature today enables readers to learn and understand the deeds

of earlier generations, allowing more recent generations to comprehend how their

current era came to be (Ogdoc-Gascon, 2019).

 The lecturers who teach this course face a great problem due to the paucity of

teaching materials and resources in mythology and folklore as well as the students'

subpar performance in this subject. The Bachelor of Secondary Education curriculum

the faculty members who teach Mythology and Folklore for (BSED) majors in English

have little resources on western mythology. Because BSED students typically lack

sufficient knowledge of the subject, teaching and learning the subject are therefore

challenges for both teachers and students. There are a few professors who specialize in

literature and teach it, but most of them merely have collections of Greek and Roman

mythologies (Ambayon, 2020).

Because it shows how historically inspired Filipinos have always been, mythology

is highly prized in the Philippines. Many people think that despite being long-gone,

Filipino culture will always be represented by the varied mythology tales that are

strangely relevant to both Filipinos and people from other countries. These fairy tales

provide evidence of what the authors felt before they put their feelings into words. It has

been said that the best writers are those who write from experience. They are

motivational because they were created by and for Filipinos. Many still regard

mythologies as a light that will guide them through their darkest moments, despite the

fact that some may think it is portrayed as a malevolent power that only causes disorder

in the lives of the believers. These stories have undoubtedly been influenced by legends

and folklore. These stories are the reason why Filipinos have grown so interested in

their past; the Philippines is famed for its rich cultural heritage (Joan et.al, 20220.
References:

Ambayon, EdD-ELT, Cristobal Millenes, Modular-Based Approach and Students’

Achievement in Literature (July 31, 2020). Available at SSRN:

https://ssrn.com/abstract=3723644 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3723644

ANGIWAN, MATIAS. 2019. Mayaoyao social institutions, customs and practices.

(Unpublished Master’s thesis) Baguio Colleges Foundation, Baguio City.

CASTILLO, TEOFILO AND B. MEDINA, JR. 2021. Philippine Literature from ancient

times to the present. Caloocan City: Geographic Arts, Inc.

DACANAY, ANGELINA D. 2019. Cagayan Valley Folk Literature: Literary-socio-cultural

perspectives. (Unpublished dissertation) Saint Louis University, Baguio City.

Demetrio, F. R. (2019). Towards an Understanding of Philippine Myths. Asian Folklore

Studies, 37(1), 35. doi:10.2307/1177582

Dubey, A. (2017). Literature and Society. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social

Science (IOSR-JHSS) 9(6): p 84-85 Retrieved January 28, 2021, from (PDF)

Literature and Society (researchgate.net)

Joan Ravago, Mercedita Reyes, Joel Torres, The Composing Process of Melancholic

and Sanguine Junior High School Students in the Philippines , International Journal of

Language and Literary Studies: Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): 2022 (2) April-June Issue
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University, Research Development Center.

Kuli, B. H. (2021). Literature preserves Papua New Guinea (PNG) cultural heritage.

Retrieved January 28, 2021, from

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/LITERATURE-PRESERVES-PAPUA-NE

W-GUINEA-(-PNG-)-Kuli/3cfe5c2d086bdb78b8f5845fef47537643aafec7

Ogdoc-Gascon, D. (2019). Oral Literary Tradition: Manual for K-12 Revised Curricula on

Literature, History, and Social Studies. International Journal of Languages,

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Studies, 4(3). Retrieved from https://www.ijlls.org/index.php/ijlls/article/view/1057