CR-

P1- It's depressing to read the most recent World Inequality Report. It describes how wealth and
income disparity are growing globally. The richest 10% of the world's population currently receives
52% of global income, while the poorest 50% of the population only makes up 8.5 percent of it.
When it comes to wealth inequality, the situation is worse.
One of the lowest performers is India. According to the report, "India stands out as a poor and very
unequal country, with an affluent elite." The share of the bottom 50% of earners has decreased to
13% while the top 10% and top 1% hold 57% and 22% of the total national income, respectively.
India is afflicted by more than simply income and wealth disparity. Extreme gender and carbon
inequalities are further issues raised by the study. For instance, India has one of the lowest
percentages of female labour income worldwide (18%). When India is excluded from calculations
due to its extreme inequality, the global share of the bottom 50% of income rises.
These results are alarming, but not altogether unexpected. This is due to the fact that in India, the
main tool used to combat inequality and reduce poverty has been lagging for some time. Since the
2008 Global Financial Crisis, GDP growth has been shaky at best and has completely lost momentum
as of the beginning of 2017. The most reliable and long-lasting method of reducing inequality in a
relatively poor nation like India is to increase GDP. That is the government's first lesson in good
policy. Fast GDP development alone, however, doesn't help, especially when it comes to addressing
inequities in access to health and education, as data from all across the world has demonstrated.
The second important policy lesson is that and Improving the quality of the statistics on inequality in
the nation would be an excellent place to start in this respect.

1.Which of the following best captures the passage's key idea?

(a) The World Inequality Report lists India as one of the countries with the lowest performance.
(b) If India had taken the advice from the prior study, it would have easily performed well in the
most recent World Inequality Report.
(c) India needs to take away a few important lessons from the most recent World Inequality Report.
(d) The World Inequality Report's main goal is to make distinctions between an individual's wealth
and income.

2.What function does the passage's first paragraph serve?

(a) The primary topic of the piece is presented in the opening paragraph.
(b) The first paragraph explains why India is the nation that performs the lowest.
(c) The author briefs the readers about the passage in the first paragraph
(d) The opening paragraph doesn't contribute anything to the passage.

3.What is the author's response to India's poor showing in the World Inequality Report?
(a) The author attributed India's poor performance on the administration since he was baffled by it.
(b) The author anticipated that India would fare much worse than it did in the study.
(c) The author gave a few lessons on it even if he wasn't entirely shocked.
(d) The author is not at all shocked by India's disappointing performance.

4.Which of the following statements from the World Inequality Report is FALSE?
(a) There is no distinction between wealth and income levels.
(b) The majority of the population's wealth is held by a small minority.
(c) The richest 10 percent of earners in India control about sixty percent of the country's revenue.
(d) When it comes to income disparities, India paints a bleak image.
P2- After years of consistency, the Office for National Statistics reported that the number of deaths
specifically related to alcohol in 2020 had increased by 19% from 2019, totaling 8,974 deaths coded
as related to alcohol misuse, with alcoholic liver disease accounting for three out of every four of
these deaths. Abstinence rose throughout the period of the country's lockdown, but binge drinking
also increased. Without more overall consumption, harm can increase: distribution matters, not just
average.
Analysts attempt to estimate the total number of deaths attributable to alcohol consumption
because excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk of many diseases. In 2019, they modelled
about 19,200 alcohol-related deaths in England, which is roughly four times the direct count of the
number of alcohol-specific registrations. The technique makes a lot of assumptions, including that
alcohol use causes 11% of breast cancer deaths in women over 75, and that a significant recent shift
in these attributable fractions reduced predicted alcohol-related mortality rates by by 23%.
People may prefer a single figure to resolve a problem, but since we cannot directly count
everything, analysts may need to create a variety of statistics to deepen our understanding. Air
pollution is blamed for many tens of thousands of fatalities each year, but up until a 2020 inquest, it
had never been listed as a specific cause of death.

Another example of the limitations of counting is influenza. Only about 600 persons per year in
England and Wales died from influenza as the primary underlying cause between 2013 and 2020.
However, according to a 2020 projection from England's public health organisation, there were
almost 15,000 "influenza-attributable fatalities" in just the 2016–17 season. The FluMomo model,
which identifies times of increased mortality over a curved seasonal baseline and attributes those
fatalities to influenza or extremely high temperatures, provided that estimate. This strategy has
some flaws, such as potential overestimation and inadequate registration delay adjustments.

1.Which of the following best describes the author's major point in the passage?

(a) Rather than counting, deaths related to alcohol, air pollution, and the flu must be simulated.

(a) With so many variables to consider, it is nearly impossible to fully explain a health condition.

(c) Before drawing any conclusions regarding a health concern, it is extremely important to analyse a
variety of elements.

(d) A health problem that affects everyone in the globe is much harder to understand than one
whose effects are endemic.

2.Which of the following conclusions from the paragraph may be made with certainty?

(A) Alcohol use contributed to 11% of breast cancer deaths in women over 75.

(b) In England, almost 15,000 individuals died from influenza in the 2016–2017 academic year.

(c) There were 8794 alcohol-related fatalities worldwide.

d) None of the preceding

3.What may be correctly deduced from the passage given?

(a) It is feasible to estimate the number of alcohol-related fatalities without assuming certain things.
(b) It's possible that the recorded number of fatal alcohol-related accidents is off.

(c) The FluMomo model is the most accurate one that can be used to predict how many fatalities are
caused by a certain factor.

(d) Alcohol-related fatalities are separated from fatalities linked to a particular illness.

4.Which of the following statements about the author's intentions is true?

A. Alcohol use contributed to 11% of breast cancer mortality in women over 75.

B. An important modification in several attributable fractions made recently reduced the projected
number of alcohol-related deaths by around 23%.

(a) I alone.

(b) II alone.

(c) I and II together.

(d) Neither I nor II

Answers-

P1- 1- c, 2-c , 3-c , 4-a

P2- 1-a ,2-d , 3-b , 4-d