Lance Longalong 11 – HUMSS October 27, 2022

EXAMPLES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ROCKS

 Metamorphic Rocks Examples

GNEISS MARBLE SLATE

DEFINITIONS

GNEISS - is a foliated metamorphic rock identified by its bands and

lenses of varying mineral composition. Some of these bands (or lenses)
contain granular minerals that are bound together in an interlocking
texture.

MARBLE - is a metamorphic rock that forms when limestone is

subjected to the heat and pressure of metamorphism. It is composed
primarily of the mineral calcite (CaCO3) and usually contains other
minerals, such as clay minerals, micas, quartz, pyrite, iron oxides,
and graphite.

SLATE - is a fine-grained, foliated metamorphic rock that is created by

the alteration of shale or mudstone by low-grade regional
metamorphism. It is popular for a wide variety of uses such as roofing,
flooring, and flagging because of its durability and attractive appearance .
 Sedimentary Rocks Examples

ROCK SALT CALICHE SAN

DEFINITIONS
ROCK SALT - is the name of a sedimentary rock that consists almost
entirely of halite, a mineral composed of sodium chloride, NaCl. It forms
where large volumes of sea water or salty lake water evaporate from an
arid-climate basin -- where there is a replenishing flow of salt water and a
restricted input of other water.

CALICHE - is a shallow layer of soil or sediment in which the particles have

been cemented together by the precipitation of mineral matter in their
interstitial spaces. The cement is usually calcium carbonate; however,
cements of magnesium carbonate, gypsum, silica, iron oxide, and a
combination of these materials are known.

SANDSTONE - is a sedimentary rock composed of sand-size grains

of mineral, rock, or organic material. It also contains a cementing
material that binds the sand grains together and may contain a matrix of
silt- or clay-size particles that occupy the spaces between the sand grains
 Igneous Rocks Examples

DEFINITIONS
DIORITE - is the name used for a group of coarse-grained ign
rocks with a composition between that of granite and basalt
occurs as DIORITE
large intrusions, dikes, andTUFF PEGc
sills within continental

TUFF - is an igneous rock that forms from the products of an

volcanic eruption. In these eruptions, the volcano blasts rock
and other materials from its vent.

PEGMATITE - are extreme igneous rocks that form during t

of a magma’s crystallization. They are extreme because they co
exceptionally large crystals and they sometimes contain mine
rarely found in other types of rocks.