ELEMENT OF

TECHN OLOGY
ASSIGNMENT-1

Submitted to, Presentation by,

Prof. Mr. SUMIT KUMAR Aman Kumar
 Air cooling is commonly defined as rejecting heat from an
object by flowing air over the surface of the object, through means
of convection. Air cooling requires that the air must be cooler than
the object or surface from which it is expected to remove heat. This
is due to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that heat
will only move spontaneously from a hot reservoir (the heat sink) to
a cold reservoir (the air).
 Air cooling is a method of dissipating heat.
It works by expanding the surface area or increasing the
flow of air over the object to be cooled, or both.
An example of the former is to add cooling fins to
the surface of the object, either by making them integral or
by attaching them tightly to the object's surface. In the case
of the latter, it is done by using a fan blowing air into the
object one wants to cool. The addition of fins to a heat
sink increases its total surface area, resulting in greater
cooling effectiveness.

There are two types of cooling pads are used in

air cooling:
(i) honey comb and
(ii) excelsior

In all cases, the air has to be cooler than the object or surface from
which it is expected to remove heat. This is due to the second law of
thermodynamics, which states that heat will only move spontaneously from
a hot reservoir (the heat sink) to a cold reservoir (the air).
 Derating at high altitude
When operating in an environment with
lower air pressure like high altitude or
airplane cabins, the cooling capacity has to be
derated compared to that of sea level.

A rule-of-thumb formula 1 - (h/17500) =

derating factor. Where h is the height over sea
level in meters. And the result is the factor
that should be multiplied with the cooling
capacity in [W] to get the cooling capacity at
the specified height over sea level.
 Air coolers work on the principle of cooling by the
evaporation of water which is present in them. These
coolers are also called desert coolers or swamp coolers
and they require water, which is filled in these coolers. The
cooling effect is produced due to the transition in phase
from liquid state to vapor state.
Various parts that are needed to make an
evaporative cooler or a simple air cooler
are:

1)Fan and vents- A fan is needed to direct the

cool air towards the room. These fans continuously
flow cool air in the rooms.

2)Water source- Evaporative cooler uses water

so it is necessary to fill the cooler with water so that
the cooling can take place.

3)Cooling pads- The purpose of cooling pads is

to absorb water and to pass air through them.
4)Distributor- Water needs to be distributed
properly to these cooling pads. This is done by
cooling pumps and various pipes that
interconnect the cooling pads. These cooling
pads should always be in saturated state
otherwise the water will evaporate away from
these pads.