Name Date Class

Chapter Reinforcement and Study Guide

Respiration, Circulation,
37 and Excretion, continued
Section 37.3 The Urinary System

In your textbook, read about kidneys, nephrons, and the formation of urine.
Answer the following questions.
1. What is the major function of kidneys?
to filter wastes from blood in order to maintain fluid homeostasis
2. What role does the bladder play in the urinary system?
It stores the waste solution, urine.
3. What are nephrons?
the basic filtering units in kidneys
Order the following steps in the filtration of blood from 1 to 7.
4
____________ 4. From the Bowman’s capsule, fluid flows through a U-shaped tubule.
2
____________ 5. Under high pressure, blood flows into capillaries that make up the glomerulus.
7
____________ 6. After being stored in the bladder, urine exits the body via the urethra.
6
____________ 7. Fluid moves from the end of the nephron’s tubule to the ureter.
1
____________ 8. Blood enters the nephron from a branch of the renal artery.
5
____________ 9. Water, glucose, amino acids, and ions are reabsorbed into the blood.
3

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____________ 10. Water, glucose, amino acids, wastes, and other substances move from glomerular
capillaries into a Bowman’s capsule.

In your textbook, read about the urinary system and homeostasis.

Complete each statement.
Ammonia
11. __________________________ urea
and __________________________ are two toxic nitrogenous wastes
that your kidneys constantly remove from your bloodstream.

osmotic
12. The kidneys also help regulate the blood’s ________________________ pressure
________________________ ,
pH (or) sodium level
and __________________________ .

glucose
13. Individuals with diabetes have excess levels of ___________________________ in their blood.

166 CHAPTER 37 BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDE