John Westly Sabuero || ME62 COMPILATION

STRESSES AND STRAIN

1. In the LRT II project, steel railroad rails of 10 meters long are to be installed. If lowest temperature
considered is 16℃, and a maximum temperature of 36℃ is designed for, assuming coefficient of
thermal expansion of steel to be 11.6 x10-6 m/m℃ and modulus of elasticity of steel to be 207, 000
MPa. Determine the clearance between rails such that the adjoining rail will just touch at maximum
design temperature.
a. 2.34 mm
b. 2.32 mm
c. 3.41 mm
d. 1.78 mm
Problem: The clearance between rails at maximum design temperature
Given: T1 = 16 ℃ T2 =32 ℃ k= 11.6 x10-6 m/m℃ L= 10 m E = 207, 000 MPa
Required: 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 (𝛿𝛿)
Solution
Formulas 𝛿𝛿 = 𝑘𝑘 (𝑡𝑡2 − 𝑡𝑡1 )𝐿𝐿
Figure

Calculations

Summary: 𝛿𝛿 = 2.32 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

2. In the LRT II project, steel railroad rails of 10 meters long are to be installed. If lowest temperature
considered is 16℃, and a maximum temperature of 36℃ is designed for, assuming coefficient of
thermal expansion of steel to be 11.6 x10-6 m/m℃ and modulus of elasticity of steel to be 207, 000
MPa. Should the excessive high summer temperature of 40 ℃ occur, determine the induced stress in
the rails at that temperature.
a. 9.6048 MPa
b. 6.6342 MPa
c. 4.4178 MPa
d. 7.7841 MPa
Problem: The induced stress in the rails at 40 ℃
Given: T1 = 16 ℃ T2 =32 ℃ T3 = 40 ℃ k= 11.6 x10-6 m/m℃ L= 10 m
E = 207, 000 MPa
Required: Stress (𝜎𝜎)
Solution
𝜎𝜎 𝛿𝛿
Formula 𝐸𝐸 = 𝜎𝜎 = 𝐸𝐸 𝛿𝛿 = 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 (𝑡𝑡3 − 𝑡𝑡2 )
𝜖𝜖 𝐿𝐿
Figure

Calculations

Summary: 9.6048 MPa

3. What modulus of elasticity in tension is required to obtain a unit deformation of 0.00105 from a load
producing a unit tensile stress of 45,000 psi?
a. 40 x106 to 45 x106 psi
b. 40 x106 to 41.5 x106 psi
c. 50 x106 to 55 x106 psi
d. 46 x106 to 50 x106 psi
Problem: What modulus of elasticity in tension is required
Given: 𝜖𝜖 = 0.00105 𝜎𝜎 = 45, 000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: Modulus of Elasticity (E)
Solution
𝜎𝜎
Formula 𝐸𝐸 =
𝜖𝜖
Figure
Calculations

Summary: E = 42, 857, 143 psi

4. An engine part is being tested with a load of 30,000 lb. The allowable tensile stress is 10,000 psi,
modulus of elasticity of 40 x106 psi. If the original length of specimen is 42 inches with elongation
not exceeding 0.0015 inch, what diameter of the specimen is required?
a. 4.2 in
b. 3.0 in
c. 2.5 in
d. 5.17 in.
 Problem: What diameter of the specimen is required
Given: F= 30, 000 lb 𝜎𝜎 = 10,000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐸𝐸 = 40 𝑥𝑥106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐿𝐿 = 42 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝛿𝛿 =
0.0015 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ
Required: Diameter (D)
Solution:
𝜎𝜎 𝐹𝐹 𝛿𝛿 𝜋𝜋
Formula 𝐸𝐸 = 𝜎𝜎 = 𝜖𝜖 = 𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐷 2
𝜖𝜖 𝐴𝐴 𝐿𝐿 4
Figure

Calculations

Summary: 5.17 in

5. Calculate the compressive stress of a sign board support with a load of 2000 lb. A hollow cylinder is
used with an outside diameter of 6 inches and thickness of 0.75 inch.
a. 161.68 psi
b. 200.68 psi
c. 160.95 psi
d. 320.445 psi
Problem: Calculate the Compressive stress of a sign board support
Given: F = 2000 lb D = 6 inches t = 0.75 inch
Required: Compressive Stress (𝜎𝜎𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 )
Solution:
𝐹𝐹
Formula 𝜎𝜎𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 ( 𝐷𝐷 2 − 𝑑𝑑 2 ) 𝑑𝑑 = 𝐷𝐷 − 2𝑡𝑡
𝐴𝐴
Figure

Calculations

Summary: 161.68 psi

 1
6. A steel rod 75 inches long with a cross -sectional area of 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 is held vertically firm at one end
4
while a load of 2500 lb is suspended from the other end. If the rod stretches 0.025 inches, find the
modulus of elasticity of the steel.
a. 12 x106 psi
b. 11.5 x106 psi
c. 30 x106 psi
d. 27 x106 psi
Problem: Find the modulus of elasticity of the steel
1
Given: L = 75 inches A= 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 F= 2500 lb 𝛿𝛿 = 0.025 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒
4
Required: Modulus of Elasticity (E)
Solution
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
Formula 𝐸𝐸 =
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿
Figure

Calculations

Summary: 30 x106 psi

7. What load in Newton must be applied to a 25 mm round steel bar 2.4 m long (E=207 GPa) to stretch
the bar 1.3 mm?
a. 42,000
b. 52,000
c. 53,000
d. 60,000

Problem: Find the Load in Newton that needs to be applied in the round steel bar
Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 25 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐿𝐿 = 2.5 𝑚𝑚 𝐸𝐸 = 207 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺 𝛿𝛿 = 1.3 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Required: Load (F)
Solution
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝜋𝜋
Formula 𝐸𝐸 = 𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐷 2
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿 4
Figure
 Calculations

Summary: 𝐹𝐹 = 52, 837.25 𝑁𝑁 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 53, 000 𝑁𝑁.

8. The shearing strain of a block of metal, 3 inches high is subject to a shearing high force which
distorts the top surface through a distance of 0.0036 inch:

a. 0.0015 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟

b. 0.008
c. 0.0010
d. 𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎

Problem: Find the shearing strain of a block, 𝜀𝜀

Given: 𝛿𝛿 = 0.0036 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ 𝐿𝐿 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 (𝜀𝜀)
Solution
𝛿𝛿
Formulas 𝜀𝜀 =
𝐿𝐿
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝜀𝜀 = 0.0012
9. What load P which cause a total deformation of 0.036 inch of a steel rock which has a cross-section
area of 4 sq. inches and a length of 6 ft.
a. 55,000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
b. 40,000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
c. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍
d. 50,000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

Problem: Find the Load Required (P)

Given: 𝛿𝛿 = 0.036 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ 𝐴𝐴 = 4 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ2 𝐿𝐿 = 6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝐸𝐸 = 30 × 106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 (𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠)
Required: 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 (𝑃𝑃)
Solution
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
Formulas 𝐸𝐸 =
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐹𝐹 = 60,000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

10. A railroad track is laid at a temperature of 15℉ with gaps of 0.01 feet between the ends of the rails.
The rails are 33 feet long. If they are prevented from bucking, what stress will result from a temperature
of 110℉? (𝛼𝛼 = 6.5 × 10−6 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 ℉)
a. 10,000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
b. 8,530 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
c. 𝟗𝟗, 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑
d. 9,980 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

Problem: What stress will result from a temperature of 110℉ (Sc)

Given: 𝑇𝑇1 = 15℉ 𝛿𝛿𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 0.01 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝐿𝐿 = 33 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑇𝑇2 = 110℉
𝛼𝛼 = 6.5 × 10−6 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 ℉ 𝐸𝐸 = 30 × 106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆)
Solution
𝛿𝛿
Formulas 𝛿𝛿 = 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼(𝑇𝑇2 − 𝑇𝑇1) 𝜀𝜀 = 𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝜀𝜀𝜀𝜀
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 9450 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

 1
11. A thrust washer has an inside diameter of 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 and an outside diameter of 3-in. For an allowable
2
bearing pressure of 90 psi, how much axial load can it sustain?

a. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔. 𝟓𝟓 𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍
b. 537.2 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
c. 702.1 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
d. 871.2 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

Problem: How much axial load can the thrust washer sustain (F)
Given: 𝑝𝑝 = 90 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐷𝐷 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ 𝑑𝑑 = 0.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ
Required: 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 (𝐹𝐹)
Solution
𝜋𝜋
Formulas 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 𝑝𝑝 � (𝐷𝐷 2 − 𝑑𝑑 2 )�
4
Figure
Calculation

Summary: 𝐹𝐹 = 618.5 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

12. An air cylinder has a bore of 25 mm and is operated with shop air at a pressure of 6.3 bars
(approximately 90 psi). Find the push force exerted by the piston rod in Newtons.
a. 127 N
b. 70 N
c. 402 N
d. 305 N
Problem: Find the push force exerted by the piston rod in Newtons.
Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 25 𝑃𝑃 = 6.3 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 ≈ 90 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃ℎ 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 (𝐹𝐹)
Solution
𝜋𝜋
Formulas 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐷 2
4
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐹𝐹 = 304.7 𝑁𝑁 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 305 𝑁𝑁

13. What pressure is required to punch a hole 2” diameter through a ¼” steel plate?
a. 10 tons
b. 20 tons
c. 30 tons
d. 40 tons

Problem: What pressure is required to punch a hole

1
Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 2𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡 = 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝜎𝜎𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 = 42,000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆)
4
Required: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 (𝑃𝑃)
Solution
𝑃𝑃
Formulas 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝜎𝜎𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 =
𝐴𝐴
Figure

Calculation

Summary: P = 30 tons

14. What force P is required to punch a ½-in hole on a 3/8-in thick plate if the ultimate shear strength of
the plate is 42,000 psi ?
a. 24,940 lbs
b. 24,620 lbs
c. 24,960 lbs
d. 24,740 lbs

Problem: What force is required to punch a hole

1 3
Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡 = 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝜏𝜏𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 = 42,000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
2 8
Required: 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 (𝑃𝑃)
Solution
𝑃𝑃
Formulas 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝜎𝜎𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 =
𝐴𝐴
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: P = 24,740 lbs

15. A 2.5” diameter by 2” long journal bearing is to carry a 5500 lb. load at 3600 rpm using SAE 40 lube
oil at 2000F through a single hole at 25psi. Compute the bearing pressure.
a. 1,100 psi
b. 900 psi
c. 1,000 psi
d. 950 psi

Problem: Compute the bearing pressure

Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 2.5𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐿𝐿 = 2𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐹𝐹 = 5500𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
Required: Bearing Pressure (P)
Solution
𝐹𝐹
Formulas 𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑃𝑃 =
𝐴𝐴
Figure

Calculation

Summary: P = 1,100 psi

16. What is the modulus of elasticity if the stress is 44,000 psi and a unit strain of 0.00105?
a. 41.905 x 106
b. 42.300 x 106
c. 41.202 x 106
d. 43.101 x 106

Problem: What is the modulus of elasticity

Given: 𝜎𝜎 = 44,000𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝜀𝜀 = 0.00105
Required: Modulus of Elasticity (E)
Solution
𝜎𝜎
Formulas 𝐸𝐸 =
𝜀𝜀
Figure
Calculation

Summary: E = 41.905 x 106 psi

17. What modulus of elasticity in tension is required to obtain a unit deformation of 0.00105m/m from a
load producing a unit tensile stress of 44,000 psi?
a. 42.300 x 106
b. 41.202 x 106
c. 43.101 x 106
d. 41.905 x 106

Problem: What is the modulus of elasticity in tension

Given: 𝜎𝜎 = 44,000𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝜀𝜀 = 0.00105
Required: Modulus of Elasticity (E)
Solution
𝜎𝜎
Formulas 𝐸𝐸 =
𝜀𝜀
Figure
Calculation

Summary: E = 41.905 x 106 psi

18. If the ultimate shear strength of a steel plate is 42,000 lb/in2, what force is necessary to punch a 0.75-
inch diameter hole in a 0.625-inch thick plate?
a. 63 008 lbs
b. 68 080 lbs
c. 61 850 lbs
d. 66 800 lbs

Problem: What force is necessary to punch a hole

Given: 𝜎𝜎𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 = 42,000𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐷𝐷 = 0.75𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡 = 0.625𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Required: 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 (𝑃𝑃)
Solution
𝑃𝑃
Formulas 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝜎𝜎𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 =
𝐴𝐴
Figure

Calculation

Summary: P = 61 850 lbs

19. A steel tie rod on bridge must be made to withstand a pull of 5000 lbs. Find the diameter of the rod
assuming a factor of safety of 5 and ultimate stress of 64000 lb/𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 .
a. 0.75 in
b. 0.71 in
c. 0.89 in
d. 0.79 in

Problem: Find the diameter of the rod

𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
Given: 𝜎𝜎𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 = 64,000 2 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 5 𝑃𝑃 = 5000
𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛
Required: 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷)
Solution
𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷2 𝜎𝜎𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝐴𝐴
Formulas 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑃𝑃 =
4 𝐹𝐹.𝑆𝑆.
Figure
Calculation

Summary: D = 0.71 in

20. A steel weighing 480 lb/𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 has an ultimate strength of 80000 psi. What is the maximum length of
steel rod that could be hung vertically from its upper end without rupturing?
a. 2,000 ft.
b. 18,000 ft
c. 24,000 ft
d. 166.67 ft

Problem: Find the length of the steel rod (L)

𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
Given: 𝜌𝜌 = 480 3 𝜎𝜎 = 80000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
Required: 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 (𝐿𝐿)
Solution
𝜎𝜎
Formulas 𝐿𝐿 =
𝜌𝜌
Figure
Calculation

Summary: L = 24,000 ft

21. What modulus of elasticity in tension is required to obtain a unit of deformation of 0.00105 from a
load producing a unit tensile stress of 45,000 psi?
a. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟔𝟔 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒙𝒙 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟔𝟔𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑
b. 40𝑥𝑥106 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 41.5 𝑥𝑥 106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
c. 50𝑥𝑥106 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 55 𝑥𝑥 106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
d. 46𝑥𝑥106 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 50 𝑥𝑥 106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

Problem: Find the Modulus of Elasticity (E) to obtain a unit of deformation

Given: 𝛿𝛿 = 0.00105 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝜎𝜎 = 45000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: Modulus of Elasticity (E)
Solution
 𝜎𝜎
Formulas 𝐸𝐸 =
𝛿𝛿
Figure
Calculation

Summary: E = 40𝑥𝑥106 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 45 𝑥𝑥 106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

22. An engine part is being tested with a load of 30,000 lb. The allowable tensile stress is 10,000 psi,
modulus of elasticity of 40 𝑥𝑥1016 psi. If the original length of specimen is 42 inches with elongation
not exceeding 0.0015 inch, what diameter of the specimen is required?

a. 4.2 in
b. 3.0 in
c. 2.5 in
d. 5.17 in

Problem: Find the diameter of specimen required (D)

Given: 𝐹𝐹 = 30000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝛿𝛿 = 0.0015 𝐿𝐿 = 42 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐸𝐸 = 40𝑥𝑥106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 (𝐷𝐷)
Solution
𝑃𝑃
𝜎𝜎 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝜋𝜋
Formulas 𝐸𝐸 = = 𝐴𝐴
𝛿𝛿 = 𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐷 2
𝛿𝛿 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 4
𝐿𝐿
Figure

Calculation

Summary: D = 5.17 in

23. What force P is required to punch a half-inch hole on a 0.25 in thick plate if the ultimate shearing
stress of the plate is 44,000 psi?

a. 25,000 lb
b. 15,000 lb
c. 20,000 lb
d. 17,279 lb

Problem: What force P is required to punch a half-inch hole

Given: 𝑡𝑡 = 0.25 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝜎𝜎 = 44000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝑃𝑃 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
Solution
1 1
Formulas 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾 = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 𝜎𝜎𝜎𝜎𝜎𝜎 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
2 2
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: P= 17,278.76 lb

24. A steel rod 75 inches long with a cross-sectional area of ¼ in^2 is held vertically firm at one end
while a load of 2500 lb is suspended from the other end. If the rod stretches 0.025 in, find the
modulus of elasticity of steel.

a. 12 𝑥𝑥106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
b. 11.5 𝑥𝑥106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
c. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝒙𝒙𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟔𝟔 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑
d. 27 𝑥𝑥106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

Problem: Find the modulus of elasticity of the steel (E)

Given: 𝐹𝐹 = 2500 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝐿𝐿 = 75 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐴𝐴 = 0.25 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 𝛿𝛿 = 0.025
Required: 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 (𝐸𝐸) of the steel
Solution
𝑃𝑃
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
Formulas 𝐸𝐸 = 𝐴𝐴
𝛿𝛿 =
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
𝐿𝐿
Figure

Calculation

Summary: E= 30 𝑥𝑥106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

25. A steel weighing 480 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙/𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 has an ultimate strength of 80,000 psi. What is the maximum length of
steel rod that could be hung vertically from its upper without rupturing?

a. 2,000 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
b. 18,000 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
c. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
d. 166.67 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

Problem: Find the maximum length of steel rod (L)

Given: 𝜌𝜌 = 480 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙/𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 𝜎𝜎 = 80,000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 (𝐿𝐿)
Solution
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝜎𝜎
Formulas 𝐿𝐿 = =
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝜌𝜌
Figure
Calculation

Summary: 𝐿𝐿 = 24,000 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

26. What load in Newton must be applied to a 25 mm round steel bar 2.5 m long (𝐸𝐸 = 207 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺) to
stretch the bar 1.3 mm?

a. 42,000
b. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓, 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖
c. 53,000
d. 60,000

Problem: Find the load (F) in Newton

Given: 𝐿𝐿 = 2.5 𝑚𝑚 𝐷𝐷 = 25 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐸𝐸 = 207 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺 𝛿𝛿 = 1.3 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Required: 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 (𝐹𝐹)
Solution
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝜋𝜋
Formulas 𝐸𝐸 = 𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐷 2
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿 4
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: 𝐹𝐹 = 52,837.25 𝑁𝑁 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 52,840 𝑁𝑁

27. The shearing strain of a block of metal, 3 inches high is subject to a shearing high force which
distorts the top surface through a distance of 0.0036 inch:

a. 0.0015 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟

b. 0.008
c. 0.0010
d. 𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎

Problem: Find the shearing strain of a block, 𝜀𝜀

Given: 𝛿𝛿 = 0.0036 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ 𝐿𝐿 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 (𝜀𝜀)
Solution
𝛿𝛿
Formulas 𝜀𝜀 =
𝐿𝐿
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝜀𝜀 = 0.0012

28. What load P which cause a total deformation of 0.036 inch of a steel rock which has a cross-section
area of 4 sq. inches and a length of 6 ft.

a. 55,000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
b. 40,000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
c. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍
d. 50,000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

Problem: Find the Load Required (P)

Given: 𝛿𝛿 = 0.036 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ 𝐴𝐴 = 4 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ2 𝐿𝐿 = 6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝐸𝐸 = 30 × 106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 (𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠)
Required: 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 (𝑃𝑃)
Solution
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
Formulas 𝐸𝐸 =
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: 𝐹𝐹 = 60,000 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

29. A railroad track is laid at a temperature of 15℉ with gaps of 0.01 feet between the ends of the rails.
The rails are 33 feet long. If they are prevented from bucking, what stress will result from a
temperature of 110℉? (𝛼𝛼 = 6.5 × 10−6 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 ℉)

a. 10,000 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
b. 8,530 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
c. 𝟗𝟗, 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑
d. 9,980 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

Problem: What stress will result from a temperature of 110℉ (Sc)

Given: 𝑇𝑇1 = 15℉ 𝛿𝛿𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 = 0.01 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝐿𝐿 = 33 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑇𝑇2 = 110℉
−6
𝛼𝛼 = 6.5 × 10 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 ℉ 𝐸𝐸 = 30 × 106 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆)
Solution
𝛿𝛿
Formulas 𝛿𝛿 = 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼(𝑇𝑇2 − 𝑇𝑇1) 𝜀𝜀 = 𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝜀𝜀𝜀𝜀
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 9450 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

 1
30. A thrust washer has an inside diameter of 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 and an outside diameter of 3-in. For an allowable
2
bearing pressure of 90 psi, how much axial load can it sustain?

a. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔. 𝟓𝟓 𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍
b. 537.2 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
c. 702.1 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
d. 871.2 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

Problem: How much axial load can the thrust washer sustain (F)
Given: 𝑝𝑝 = 90 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑖 𝐷𝐷 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ 𝑑𝑑 = 0.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ
Required: 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 (𝐹𝐹)
Solution
𝜋𝜋
Formulas 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 𝑝𝑝 � (𝐷𝐷 2 − 𝑑𝑑 2 )�
4
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐹𝐹 = 618.5 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

31. An air cylinder has a bore of 25 mm and is operated with shop air at a pressure of 6.3 bars
(approximately 90 psi). Find the push force exerted by the piston rod in Newtons.

a. 127 𝑁𝑁
b. 70 𝑁𝑁
c. 402 𝑁𝑁
d. 305 𝑁𝑁

Problem: Find the push force exerted by the piston rod in Newtons (F)
Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 25 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑝𝑝 = 6.3 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 90 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃ℎ 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 (𝐹𝐹)
Solution
𝜋𝜋
Formulas 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 𝑝𝑝 � 𝐷𝐷 2 �
4
Figure
Calculation

Summary: 𝑭𝑭 = 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟕𝟕 𝑵𝑵 𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑 𝑵𝑵

SHAFT DESIGN
1. A drive of an outboard motor which rotates at speeds up to 5,000 rpm is supported by a spine in the
crankshaft at the upper end and a bearing at the lower end as shown. If the engine develops 20 hp at
this speed, what diameter solid steel shaft should be used? The allowable tortional stress of 12,000
psi includes the factor of safety, endurance limit and service conditions considerations.
𝟏𝟏
a. 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊
𝟐𝟐
3
b. 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
8
5
c. 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
8
3
d. 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
4
Problem: What diameter solid steel shaft should be used
Given: N= 5,000 rpm P = 12 Hp Ss= 12,000 psi
Required: Diameter(D) of the shaft
Solution
63000𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 16𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑇𝑇 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =
𝑁𝑁 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3
Figure

Calculation

1
Summary: D = 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
2
2. A drive of an cupboard motor which rotates at speeds up to 5,000 rpm is supported by a spine in the
crankshaft at the upper end and a bearing at the lower end as shown. Is the critical frequency of the
shaft below 5,000 rpm.
a. >500
b. <500
c. =500
d. None of the above
Problem: Is the critical frequency of the shaft below 5,000 rpm
Given: L = 22 in D =0.5 in
Required: Critical Frequency (𝑓𝑓)
Solution
𝐷𝐷
Formulas 𝑓𝑓 = 79,000 2
𝐿𝐿
Figure

Calculation

Summary: (4, 896.6 rpm) < 5,000 rpm. The critical frequency is below 5,000 rpm

3. A solid transmission shaft is 3.5 inches in diameter. It is decided to replace it with a hollow shaft of
the same material and same tortional, but its weight should only be half as much as the solid shaft.
Find the outside diameter and inside diameter of the hollow shaft in millimeters.
a. 107.3315 mm; 86.97 mm
b. 112.231 mm; 84.60 mm
c. 120.217 mm; 65.97 mm
d. 131.204 mm; 54.30 mm

Problem: Find the outside diameter and insider diameter of the hollow shaft in millimeters
Given: 𝐷𝐷𝑠𝑠 = 3.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒
Required: Inside Diameter (𝑑𝑑 ) and Outside Diameter (D) of a hallow shaft
Solution
16𝑇𝑇 16𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ) = 𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠 (ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜) =
𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷𝑠𝑠3 𝜋𝜋(𝐷𝐷4 −𝑑𝑑4 )
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: D= 107.3315 mm & d = 86.97 mm

4. A machine shaft turning at 600 rpm is supported on bearings 76 cm apart. Fifteen kW is supplied
through a 46 cm pulley located 26 cm to the right bearing. Power is transmitted from the shaft
through a 20 cm spur gear located 25 cm to the right of the left bearing. The belt drive is at an angle
of 60° above the horizontal. The pulley weigh 90 kg to provide some flywheel effect. The ratio of
belt tensions is 3:1. The gear has a 20° tooth form and meshes with another gear directly located
above the shaft. Shaft materials has Su =482, 500, Sy = 320 MPa. Design the shaft
a. 30 mm
b. 58 mm
c. 39 mm
d. 47 mm
Problem: Design the shaft
Given: N = 600 rpm P= 15 kW Dg = 20 cm Dp = 46 cm Belt drive Angle = 60°

M = 90 kg Belt ratio = 3:1 Tooth form angle = 20° Su =482, 500

Sy = 320 MPa
Required: Diameter of the shaft (D)
Solution
60𝑃𝑃 2𝑇𝑇 𝐹𝐹1 2𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑇𝑇 = 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = = 3 (𝐹𝐹1 − 𝐹𝐹2 ) = 𝐹𝐹 = 𝐹𝐹1 + 𝐹𝐹2 𝐹𝐹ℎ =
2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝐹𝐹2 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
16
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 =
𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: D = 39 mm

5. A single acting vertical air compressor, 4 inches bore by 6 inches stroke is driven from an overhung
crankshaft rotating at 400 rpm as shown in the sketch. Maximum tangential force, F on crankpin is
2,000 kg. Allowable stress in shear is 300 kg/cm2, allowable stress in bending is 600 kg/cm2. Nature
 of service and load is such that Kt = 1.3 and Km = 1.8. Question: Calculate shaft diameter, D, in
millimeters
a. 12.483 cm.
b. 13.582 cm
c. 11.668 cm.
d. 13.851 cm.
Problem: Calculate the shaft diameter in millimeters
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
Given: F = 2000 kg N = 400 rpm 𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡max (𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏) = 600 2 Km = 1.8 Kt=1.3
𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚
B = 4inches
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
S = 6 inches 𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡max (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 300 2 r = 25.4 cm
𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚
Required: Shaft Diameter (D)
Solution
16
Formulas M = Fr 𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 3
𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷
Figure

Calculations

Summary: D = 11.668 cm

6. The shaft of a speed reducer is mounted on ball bearings A and B, as shown in the figure below. The
stub end of the shaft is fitted with a flexible coupling. The gear is 5-inches in diameter and 5 hp are
transmitted at 120 rpm. Assuming on allowable stress Ssa= 6, 500 psi, determine the size of shaft
required. Assume that the shaft is made of SAE 1020 steel,
Sult – 62, 00 psi Se = 25, 000 psi
Sy = 35,000 psi Sys = 24,000 psi
a. 56.53%
3
b. 1 "
16
11
c. 1 "
16
𝟕𝟕
d. 𝟏𝟏 "
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
Problem: Determine the size of shaft required
Given: D = 5 inches P = 5 hp N= 120rpm Ssa = 6,500 psi
Required: Diameter of shaft base on bending (D)
Solution
63,000𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 2𝑇𝑇 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
Formulas 𝑇𝑇 = 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑀𝑀 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 =
𝑁𝑁 𝐷𝐷 4 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
16
𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3
Figure
 Calculations

7
Summary: 𝐷𝐷 = 1.381 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
16

7. A 76 mm solid shaft is to be replaced with a hollow shaft to equal torsional strength. Find the inside
diameter and the percentage of weight saved, if the outside diameter of the hollow shaft is 100 mm.
a. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 %
b. 67.31 %
c. 48.49 %
d. 72.50 %

Problem: Find the inside diameter and the percentage of weight saved
Given: D = 76 mm 𝐷𝐷𝑜𝑜 = 100 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Required: Percentage of Weight Saved (%Saved)
Solution
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆) 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻) 1
Formulas = 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 = [𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 2 − 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 2 ] × 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 % 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =
16𝑇𝑇 16𝑇𝑇 4
𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 − 𝑊𝑊ℎ
𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: %𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 56.53%

8. A Solid shaft is to be used to transmit 75 kW at 550 rpm. If the shaft design stress will not exceed 26
Newton/𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2 , determine the diameter of the solid shaft.

a. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎

b. 49.21 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
c. 69.84 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
d. 52.30 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

Problem: Determine the diameter of the solid shaft

Given: P = 75 kW N = 550 rpm Ss = 26 Newton/𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
Required: Diameter (D)
Solution
60(𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘) 16 𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑇𝑇 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =
2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐷𝐷 = 0.06342 𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 63.42 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

9. A centrifugal pump is directly coupled to a motor. The pump rating is 3600 liters per minute against a
total head of 8 meters of water. Pump efficiency is 65% at shaft speed of 550 rpm. Calculate the
torsional stress induced on the 40 mm diameter motor shaft.

a. 11,193.45 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾
b. 12,429.72 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾
c. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎. 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲
d. 13,113.83 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾

Problem: Determine torsional stress induced on the 40 mm diameter motor shaft (Ss)
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
Given: Q = 3600 H = 8 𝑒𝑒𝑝𝑝 = 65 % ≈ 0.65 N = 559 rpm D = 40 mm
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Required: Torsional Stress (Ss)
Solution
𝛿𝛿𝛿𝛿ℎ 60(𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘) 16 𝑇𝑇
Formulas Pm = 𝑇𝑇 = Ss =
𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3

Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 10,010.85 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾

10. A line shaft is to transmit 200 Hp at 900 rpm. Find the diameter of the shaft.
3
a. 2 in
16
𝟕𝟕
b. 2 in
𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
15
c. 3 in
16
3
d. 1 in
16
Problem: Find the diameter of the shaft (D)
Given: HP = 200 HP N = 900 rpm
Required: Diameter (D)
Solution
3 53.5 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
Formulas 𝐷𝐷 = �
𝑁𝑁
 Figure

Calculation

7
Summary: 𝐷𝐷 = 2.282 in ≈ 2 in
16

11. A line shaft is to transmit 200 Hp at 900 rpm. If the line shaft is connected to a 2’’ counter shaft with
a speed of 1,600 rpm, find the horsepower transmitted.
a. 493 Hp
b. 465 Hp
c. 356 Hp
d. 200 Hp
Problem: Find the horsepower transmitted
Given: HP = 200 HP N = 1600 rpm D = 2’’
Required: Diameter (D)
Solution
𝐷𝐷3 𝑁𝑁
Formulas 𝑃𝑃 =
38
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝑃𝑃 = 337 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻, the countershaft is capable of transmitting 337 Hp, however, the
power transmitted for this shaft is only the same that the line shaft which is
200 Hp
12. A 500 rpm shaft is fitted with a 30 inches (76.2 cm) diameter pulley weighing 250 lb (113.6 kg). This
pulley delivers 35 Hp (26.1 KW) to a load. The shaft is also fitted with a 24 in (61.0 cm) pitch diameter
gear weighing 200 lb (90.9 kg). This gear delivers 25 Hp (18.65 KW) to a load. Assume that the tension
of the tight side of the belt, determine the concentrated loads produces on the shaft by the pulley and
the gear in lb and in Newtons.
a. 2,123 lbs (4537 N)
b. 1,321 lbs (5639 N)
c. 1,132 lbs (5036 N)
d. 1,431 lbs (5632 N)
Problem: Determine the concentrated loads produces on the shaft by the pulley and the gear in
lb and in Newtons (Fp & Fg )
Given: HP = 35 HP 𝐷𝐷𝑝𝑝 = 30 in (76.2 cm) N = 500 rpm
Required: Concentrated load produced on the shaft by the Pulley and the concentrated load
produced on the shaft by the Gear (Fp & Fg )
Solution
63,000 (𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻) 2𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑇𝑇𝑝𝑝 = (𝐹𝐹1 − 𝐹𝐹2 ) = 𝑝𝑝 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 𝐹𝐹1 + 𝐹𝐹2 + 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
𝑁𝑁 𝐷𝐷 𝑝𝑝
63,000 (𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻) 2𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝑁𝑁
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 + 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 1,132 (5036 𝑁𝑁) 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 462.5 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 (2,058 𝑁𝑁)

13. A steel shaft is subjected to a constant torque of 2,260 Nm. The ultimate strength and yield strength
of the shafting material are 668 MPa and 400 MPa respectively. Assume a factor of safety of 2 based
on the yield point and endurance strength in shear, determine the diameter of the shaft in inches.
a. 1.521 in
b. 1.915 in
c. 2.321 in
d. 2.417 in
Problem: Determine the diameter of the shaft
Given: 𝑇𝑇 = 2260𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 𝑆𝑆𝑈𝑈 = 668𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑆𝑆𝑌𝑌 = 400𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 2
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷)
Solution
𝑆𝑆 𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 16𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 = 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝑌𝑌 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 25.4𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 1𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
2 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐷𝐷 = 1.915 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

14. A steel shaft transmits 40 Hp at 1,400 rpm. Considering allowable shearing stress based on pure
torsion to be 5,000 psi, find the shaft diameter of nearest commercial size.
a. 1 5/16 in
b. 1 3/16 in
c. 1 11/16 in
d. 1 7/16 in

Problem: Find the shaft diameter of nearest commercial size

Given: 𝑃𝑃 = 40𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 𝑁𝑁 = 1400𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 5000𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷)
Solution
63000𝑃𝑃 16𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑇𝑇 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =
𝑁𝑁 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3
Figure

Calculation

7
Summary: 𝐷𝐷 = 1.224𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ≈ 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
16
A steel shaft transmits 40 Hp at 1,400 rpm. Considering allowable shearing stress based on pure torsion to
be 5,000 psi, find the torsional deflection of the shaft in degrees per foot.
a. 0.392 degrees/foot
b. 0.246 degrees/foot
c. 0.541 degrees/foot
d. 0.435 degrees/foot

Problem: Find the torsional deflection of the shaft in degree per foot
Given: 𝑃𝑃 = 40𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 𝑁𝑁 = 1400𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 5000𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐺𝐺𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 12𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
𝜃𝜃
Required: 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ( )
𝐿𝐿
Solution
63000𝑃𝑃 16𝑇𝑇 𝜃𝜃 32𝑇𝑇 12𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 180°
Formulas 𝑇𝑇 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = = × ×
𝑁𝑁 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3 𝐿𝐿 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷4 𝐺𝐺 1𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
Figure

Calculation

𝜃𝜃
Summary: = 0.246 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝐿𝐿

15. A 48 inches diameter diamond saw blade is mounted on a pulley driven steel shaft, requiring a blade
peripheral linear speed of 150 ft/sec. Motor drive is 125 Hp at 1,200 rpm, with 6 inches diameter
pulley. Determine the shaft rpm to attain blade peripheral speed required.
a. 716.2 rpm
b. 635.3 rpm
c. 539.1 rpm
d. 481.4 rpm

Problem: Determine the shaft rpm to attain blade peripheral speed required
𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 12𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 60𝑠𝑠
Given: 𝑉𝑉 = 150 × × 𝐷𝐷𝑆𝑆 = 48 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑠𝑠 1𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 1𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Required: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝑁𝑁2 )
Solution
Formulas 𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷𝑆𝑆 𝑁𝑁2
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: 𝑁𝑁2 = 716.2 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟

16. A 48 inches diameter diamond saw blade is mounted on a pulley driven steel shaft, requiring a blade
peripheral linear speed of 150 ft/sec. Motor drive is 125 Hp at 1,200 rpm, with 6 inches diameter
pulley. Determine the shaft diameter.
a. 1.483 in
b. 3.204 in
c. 2.106 in
d. 4.392 in

Problem: Determine the shaft diameter

𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 12𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 60𝑠𝑠
Given: 𝑉𝑉 = 150 × × 𝐷𝐷𝑆𝑆 = 48 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑃𝑃 = 125𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
𝑠𝑠 1𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 1𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷)
Solution
3 53.5𝑃𝑃
Formulas 𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷𝑆𝑆 𝑁𝑁2 𝐷𝐷 = �
𝑁𝑁2
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐷𝐷 = 2.106
18. A 48 inches diameter diamond saw blade is mounted on a pulley driven steel shaft, requiring a blade
peripheral linear speed of 150 ft/sec. Motor drive is 125 Hp at 1200 RPM, with 6 inches diameter
pulley, determine the shaft pulley diameter.
a. 11.048 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
b. 𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊
c. 12.035 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
d. 10.721 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

Problem: Find the diameter of the shaft pulley (𝐷𝐷2 )

Given: 𝑁𝑁1 = 1200 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝐷𝐷1 = 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑃𝑃 = 125 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
Required: 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 (𝑁𝑁2 ) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷2 )
Solution
3 53.5𝑃𝑃
Formulas 𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷𝑠𝑠 𝑁𝑁2 𝐷𝐷 = �
𝑁𝑁2
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐷𝐷2 = 10.053 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒

19. In the design of marble tilting machine, which components are a drive motor, V-belt transmission to
a horizontal shaft, at the end of which is mounted a circular diamond blade 1 meter distance from the
v-belt shaft pulley, and a block carriage trolley, some factors are established and some a re required.
If a 1.0 meter diameter blade is used which requires a peripheral or circular speed of 40 meters per
second, and the drive motor runs at 1,700 rpm, find the diameters or diameter ratio of the motor
driving pulley over that of the driven shaft pulley.

a. 0.6594
b. 0.9583
c. 𝟎𝟎. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
d. 0.5582
𝐷𝐷
Problem: Find the diameter ratio of the motor driving pulley over that of the driven shaft (𝐷𝐷2 )
1
𝑚𝑚
Given: 𝑁𝑁1 = 40 𝑁𝑁2 = 1700 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
𝑠𝑠
𝐷𝐷
Required: 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 (𝑁𝑁2 ) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 �𝐷𝐷2 �
1
Solution
𝑁𝑁1 𝐷𝐷
Formulas 𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷𝑠𝑠 𝑁𝑁2 = 𝐷𝐷2
𝑁𝑁2 1
Figure

Calculation

Summary:
𝑁𝑁1 𝐷𝐷
= 𝐷𝐷2 = 0.4494
𝑁𝑁2 1

20. In the design of marble tiling machine, which components are a drive motor, v-belt transmission to a
horizontal shaft, at the end of which is mounted a circular diamond blade 1 meter distance from the
v-belt shaft pulley, and a block carriage trolley, some factors are established, and some are required.
If the above motor is rated a150 Hp and the shaft turns at 770 rpm, find the diameter of the shaft.

a. 𝟐𝟐. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒊𝒊𝒊𝒊

b. 3.492 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
c. 1.219 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
d. 2.315 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

Problem: Find the diameter of the shaft (𝐷𝐷2 )

Given: 𝑃𝑃 = 150 ℎ𝑝𝑝 𝑁𝑁 = 770 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷2 )
Solution
3 53.5𝑃𝑃
Formulas 𝐷𝐷2 = �
𝑁𝑁
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐷𝐷2 = 2.184 (55.47 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚)

21. An induction electric motor delivers 80 Hp at 120 rpm to the shaft. This power drives two machines,
located at sections A and, respectively. A 20 Hp is used to drive the unit A, and 60 Hp the unit at B.
Diameter of the shaft is 3 inches, G= 21,000.00. Find the maximum shear stress produced by torsion
in each shaft.

a. 5039.18 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
b. 1850.17 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
c. 4329.21 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
d. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑

Problem: Find the maximum shear stress produced by torsion in each shaft (𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠 )
Given: 𝑃𝑃𝐴𝐴 = 20 ℎ𝑝𝑝 𝑃𝑃𝐵𝐵 = 60 ℎ𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
Solution
63000𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 63000 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 16𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 16𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵
Formulas 𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 =
𝑁𝑁𝐴𝐴 𝑁𝑁𝐵𝐵 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠 = 3, 961.19 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝

22. An induction electric motor delivers 80 Hp at 120 rpm to the shaft. This power drives two machines,
located at sections A and, respectively. A 20 Hp is used to drive the unit A, and 60 Hp the unit at B.
Diameter of the shaft is 3 inches, G= 12,000.00 psi. The angle of twist of the shaft.
a. 0.2321 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑/𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
b. 0.1329 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑/𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
c. 𝟎𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅𝒅/𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
d. 0.1512 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑/𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

𝜃𝜃
Problem: Find the angle of twist of the shaft ( )
𝐿𝐿
Given: 𝑃𝑃𝐴𝐴 = 20 ℎ𝑝𝑝 𝑃𝑃𝐵𝐵 = 60 ℎ𝑝𝑝
𝜃𝜃
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 � �
𝐿𝐿
Solution
63000𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 63000 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 16𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 16𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵 𝜃𝜃 32𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 (12) 180
Formulas 𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = = ∗
𝑁𝑁𝐴𝐴 𝑁𝑁𝐵𝐵 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3 𝐿𝐿 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷4 𝐺𝐺 𝜋𝜋
Figure
 Calculation

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Summary: 𝑆𝑆𝑠𝑠 = 0.1513
𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
23. A hollow shaft has an inner diameter of 0.035m and an outer diameter of 0.06m. Compute for the
torque if the shear stress is not to exceed 120 GPa in kNm
a. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
b. 4100
c. 4300
d. 4150

Problem: Compute the torque of the hollow shaft

Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 0.06𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑 = 0.035𝑚𝑚 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 120 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺
Required: 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 (𝑇𝑇)
Solution
𝜋𝜋�𝐷𝐷4 −𝑑𝑑4 �𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
Formulas 𝑇𝑇 = 16𝐷𝐷
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝑇𝑇 = 4500 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 ∙ 𝑚𝑚

24. If the weight of 6” diameter by 48” long SAE 1030 shafting is 174.5 kg. then what will be the weight
of chromium SAE 51416 of same size?
a. 305.79 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
b. 426.70 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
c. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗 𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍
d. 465.89 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

Problem: Weight if Chromium SAE 51416 of Same Size (W)

Given: 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 1030 = 48 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 = 174.5 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
Required: Chromium SAE 51416
Solution
𝜋𝜋
Formulas 𝑉𝑉 = (𝐷𝐷 2𝐿𝐿) 𝑊𝑊 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝜌𝜌𝑤𝑤 )(𝑉𝑉)
4
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝑊𝑊 = 347.96 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙

25. A 3 inches diameter short shaft carrying 2 pulleys close to the bearings transmit how much
horsepower if the shaft makes 280 rpm.
a. 381.43 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
b. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗 𝑯𝑯𝑯𝑯
c. 232.60 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
d. 425.92 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻

Problem: How much horsepower if the shaft makes 280 rpm (P)
Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ 𝑁𝑁 = 280 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
Required: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 (𝑃𝑃)
Solution
𝐷𝐷3 𝑁𝑁
Formulas 𝑃𝑃 =
38
Figure
 Calculation

Summary: 𝑃𝑃 = 198.95 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻

26. A round steel shaft rotates 200 rpm and is subjected to a torque of 226 N-m. The allowable shearing
stress 41.4 MPa. It is also subjected to a bending moment of 339 N-m. The allowable tensile stress is
55 MPa. Find the diameter.
a. 37 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
b. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎
c. 45 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
d. 51 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

Problem: Find the Diameter (D)

Given: 𝑁𝑁 = 200 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑀𝑀 = 339 𝑁𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚 𝑇𝑇 = 226 𝑁𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 41.4 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =
55 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
Required: 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷)
Solution
16𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 32 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
Formulas 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = √𝑀𝑀2 + 𝑇𝑇 2 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =
𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3 𝜋𝜋𝐷𝐷3
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐷𝐷 = 41 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
27. A shaft rotates 1000 rpm and transmits 560 Watts. The shaft is subjected to torsion only and the
working stress is to be 41.4 MPa. Find the diameter.
a. 6.9 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
b. 7.3 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
c. 𝟖𝟖. 𝟕𝟕 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎
d. 9.2 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

Problem: Find the Diameter (D)

Given: 𝑁𝑁 = 1000 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑃𝑃 = 560 𝑊𝑊 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 41.4 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
Required: 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷)
Solution
16𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑃𝑃 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =
𝝅𝝅𝑫𝑫𝟑𝟑
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐷𝐷 = 8.7 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

28. A 25 mm round steel shaft transmits 4.5 kW and rotates 200 rpm. If this shaft is subjected to pure
torsion, what shearing stress is induced?
a. 45 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
b. 62.5 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀
c. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕 𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴𝑴
d. 96 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀

Problem: What shearing stress is induced (Ss)

Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 25 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑃𝑃 = 4.5 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑁𝑁 = 200 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
Required: 𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆)
Solution
16𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑃𝑃 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 =
𝝅𝝅𝑫𝑫𝟑𝟑
Figure

/[\
 Calculation

Summary: 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 70 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀

29. A 102 mm diameter solid shaft is to be replaced with a hollow shaft equally strong (torsion) and
made of the same material. The outside diameter of the hollow shaft is to be 127 mm. What should
be the inside diameter? The allowable stress is 41.4 MPa?
a. 107.88 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
b. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟖𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎
c. 291.53 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
d. 109.60 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

Problem: What should be the inside diameter?

Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 25 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑃𝑃 = 4.5 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 𝑁𝑁 = 200 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
Required: 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 (𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷)
Solution
16 𝑇𝑇 16 𝑇𝑇 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
Formulas 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 ) = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻) = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ) = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 (ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜)
𝜋𝜋 𝐷𝐷3 𝜋𝜋(𝐷𝐷𝑜𝑜4 −𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖 4 )
16 𝑇𝑇 16 𝑇𝑇 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
=
𝜋𝜋 𝐷𝐷3 𝜋𝜋(𝐷𝐷𝑜𝑜4 −𝐷𝐷𝑖𝑖 4 )
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 105.82 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

30. A 6.35 mm shaft is designed with a working stress of 48 MPa in shear. If it rotates at 1725 rpm, how
much power can it safely transmit?
 a. 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾𝑾
b. 521 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
c. 673 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊
d. 712 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊

Problem: How much power can it safely transmit (P)

Given: 𝐷𝐷 = 6.35 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 48 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑁𝑁 = 1725 𝑟𝑟𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
Required: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 (𝑃𝑃)
Solution
16 𝑇𝑇
Formulas 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝑃𝑃 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
𝜋𝜋 𝐷𝐷3
Figure

Calculation

Summary: 𝑃𝑃 = 435.89 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 436 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊