Integrated Professional English

22UC1101

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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

UNIT – I
CO1 - SESSION 3

Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

TOPICS COVERED
➢Adjectives and Adverbs
➢Time Expressions
➢Comparatives and superlatives
➢Pronouns
➢Conditionals
➢Phrases and clauses (Including Relative) 3
Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

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Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

DECRIBE ME

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Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

DECRIBE ME

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Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

DECRIBE ME

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Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

DECRIBE ME

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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Observe the highlighted words!

➢ She gave an eloquent speech at the gala dinner.
➢We bought an exquisite hand-painted bowl from Japan.
➢Jack is a mischievous child.
➢Karen is a certified hacker.
➢The company is undergoing a deep financial crisis.
➢The government could not avert the natural disaster.
➢The powerful motor continued to function despite the accident.

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Descriptive words that answer...
 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

I walk slowly...

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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Karen Iiswalk
actively reading....
slowly...

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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Observe the highlighted words!

➢ The business proposal is being actively considered.
➢ The manager carried out his role competently.
➢ Non-white people are effectively excluded from certain jobs.
➢ The manager addressed the gathering politely.
➢The company is strongly considering a change of venue for the
meeting.
➢The government failed miserably in its attempt to avert the disaster.
➢The siren rang loudly and attracted the attention of the police.
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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Concept Web
Not a full Has a
sentence subject

Can have Can

subject, Not a Has a
complete express a
verb, or
neither Phrase thought complete
thought
Clause verb

Prepositional
phrase Independent &
Adjective phrase Adverb Dependent=
phrase Subordinate
Noun Phrase Verb
phrase

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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Phrases & Clauses

⚫ Phrase: group of related words that does not contain a
subject and verb and is used as a part of
speech/Sentence

⚫ Clause: a group of words that contains a subject and a verb

and is used as part of a sentence or a sentence by itself.

⚫ For example, “buttery popcorn” is a phrase, but “I eat buttery

popcorn” is a clause.
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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Types of Phrases
Phrase Type Head Example

Noun Phrase Noun [the children in class 5]

Verb Phrase Verb [play the piano]

Adjective Phrase Adjective [delighted to meet you]

Adverb Phrase Adverb [very quickly]

Prepositional Phrase Preposition [in the garden]

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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Types of Clauses
⚫ A word group that contains a subject (noun) and verb

⚫ Two types of clauses:

– Independent– expresses a complete thought & can stand by
itself as a sentence
Ex: I want to buy a phone, but I don’t have enough money.
(Two independent clauses)

– Dependent-(subordinate)-does not express a complete thought

& cannot stand by itself as a sentence
Ex: I know the man who stole the watch. 39
 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Subordinating Conjunctions
⚫ When writing a dependent clause start with a subordinating
Conjunction:
After How Unless Which
Although If Until While
As Since When Who
As if So that Whenever Whom
As though Than Where Whose
Because That Wherever
Before Though Whether

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 Descriptive and Qualitative Patterns

Identify: Phrase? Or Clause?

1. The ski lift broke after we got on it.
2. Against the wall.
3. For a while.
4. Tomorrow we will go.
5. Until the end of the week.
6. Have gone running for an hour.
7. Before you know it, it will be summer.
8. Whose aunt rode on the space shuttle?
9. His aunt rode on the space shuttle
10. Where I grew up.
11. I grew up here. 41