!

We are from group

one ;
 LOLA KHOIRUNNISA
 NURMALA SARI
 PUTRI TRI SOFHYA
 RAIHANAH PUTRI SYASVIKA
 RISNA RAMADANIA
 SHAFIRA SALSABILLA 1
The
sentence
and its
parts
 MAIN CLAUSES AND S
UBORDINATE
CLAUSES

A. Main clause

Main clause is a group of words consisting of subject and

predicate.predicate is a verb with/without the addtion of other
part of speech.
Main clause can stand alone as a sentence because it
contains a whole mind.

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EXAMPLE
: • The restaurant bill has already been paid
Subject : the restaurant bill
Predicate : has already been paid
• I’m eating my breakfast now
Subject : I
Predicate : am eating breakfast now
• Close the door
Subject : you (dimengerti)
Predicate : close the door

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B.Subordinate clause

A subordinate clause is a clause that cant stand alone as a

complete sentence, it marely complements a sentence main

clause, adding to the whole unit of meaning.

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EXAMPLE: :

• I first met her in paris where i lived as a small child

Main clause : i first met her in paris
Sub clause : i lived as a small child
• After she picks me up, mum is taking me to buy shoes
Main clause : after she picks me up
Sub clause : mum is taking me to buy shoes

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Adjective
Clause
Adjective clause is a dependent clause
that function as an adjective in the
sentence. Adjective clauses modify
nouns and pronouns. There are two
kinds of adjective clause:

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Defning
clause
× Defining clause is an adjective clause
which defines the antecedent(the noun,
pronoun, or noun) that located before
the adjective clause. In defining clause,
comma is not needed.

× Example: I met a doctor who is very

kind. 8
 Non-defning
clause

A non-defining clause is an adjective clause

which gives us more information about the
antecendent in a sentence, but it does not
define or identify the acendent. In non-defining
clause, comma is needed.

Example: Ahmad, who speaks Russian,

applied for the job. 9
An adjective clause begins with a relative
pronouns or relative adverbs.
Relative Pronuons
Relative ponouns are used to link two sentences that have the same
noun or pronoun.
• Who
Use : subject or object pronoun for people.
Example:
× She likes the singer .
× He is singing jazz song.
→ She likes the singer who is singing jazz song.

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• Which
Use :
Subject or object pronoun for animal or things

-The ball is from plastic.

-The ball is mine.

→ The ball which is from plastic is mine

-Referring to a whole sentence.

-She couldn’t read.
That surprised me.

→ She couldn’t read which surprised me.

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• Whose
Use: possession for people, animal, and things.
-I know the man.
-His motorcycle was stolen.

→ I know the man whose motorcycle was stolen.

• Whom
Use: object pronoun for people, especially in non-defining clauses.
-We met her.
-You told your teacher yesterday.

→ we met a teacher whom you told yesterday.

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• That
Use: subject or object fo
r people,animals,things in
defining clause.
-The pillow is soft.
-I use it.

→ The pillow that I use

is soft.

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:
Relative adverb
Relative adverbs are used in replaced to relative pronouns
plus preposition. Relative adverbs often make the sentence
easier to understand.
• When
Meaning: in/on which.
Use: to modify e noun of time.
-I’ll never forget the day.
-I met you then.

→ I’ll never forget the day on which I met you.

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• Where
• Why
Meaning: in/at which.
Meaning: for which.
Use: to modify a plane.
Use: to refer to a reason.
-The building is very old.
-He refused to sing.
-He lives there.
-Can you tell me the reason ?

→ The building in which he

→ Can you tell me the reason
lives is very old.
why he refused to sing?

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ADVERB
CLAUSES
× An adverb clause is a group of
words that function as an adverb in
a sentence. Adverb clauses can be
used to add explanatory detail to
your writing and explain how or why
things happen.
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What Is an
Adverb?
An adverb does this with just one word, but groups of
words can also perform this function in sentences. For
example:
• She walked slowly.
• She walked like an old lady.
• She walked as if she were heading to the gallows.

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 What Is a Clause?

. For example, let's revisit our examples of

words being used together as adverbs:
• She walked like an old lady.
• She walked as if she were heading to the
gallows.

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What Is an
Adverb
Clause?
Below are some examples, which are grouped by
what type of adverb question they answer:
× When: after, when, until, soon, before, once, while, as
soon as, whenever, by the time

× How: if, whether or not, provided, in case, unless, even if,

in the event

× Why: because, as, since, so, in order that, now that,

inasmuch as 19
 Adverb clauses can be placed at the
beginning, middle or end of a sentence.
They require a comma to offset them from the rest of the sentence:
-Whether you like it or not, you have to go.
-The boy, although he is very bright, failed math.

However, when the adverb clause is at the end of a sentence, no

comma is needed:
-She enjoyed the party more than he did.

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Examples of
Adverb Clauses
• Adverb Clauses of Place:
These adverbial clauses answer the question where.
-Wherever there is music, people will dance.
• Adverb Clauses of Time:
These adverbial clauses answer the question when.
-After the chores are done, we will eat some ice cream.
• Adverb Clauses of Cause:
These adverb clauses answer the question why.
-She passed the course because she worked hard.

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• Adverb Clauses of Purpose:

These adverb clauses also answer the question why.

-So that he would not ruin the carpet, he took off his shoes.
• Adverb Clauses of Condition:

These adverb clauses answer the question how.

-If you save some money, you can buy a new game.
• Adverb Clauses of Concession:

These adverb clauses answer the question how, albeit in a

round about way.

-Even though you are 13, you can't go to that movie.

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 Purpose of a Noun Clause
Noun
Noun clauses are used to name something
AClause
noun clause is a when a single word isn't enough. Again, they're
group of words acting always going to be dependent clauses
together as a noun. and these clauses can't stand alone.
These clauses are
How to Spot a Noun Clause
always dependent
One of the easiest ways to spot a noun clause is to
clauses. That is, they
look for these words:
do not form a How, That, What, Whatever, When, Where, Whether,

complete sentence. Which, Whichever, Who, Whoever, Whom,Whomever,

and Why
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Types of Noun Object of a Preposition
Clauses
Subject of a Verb Noun clauses also act as objects of a preposition.
A noun clause can act as the subject of a verb. In the examples below, you'll see the prepositions
For example:
-What Alicia said made her friends cry. "of" and "for" in action.
-Harry is not the best provider of what Margie
Object of a Verb
In the same vein, noun clauses can also act as needs.
the direct object of a verb:
-She didn't realize that the directions were
wrong. Adjective Complement
Last but not least, a noun clause can also function
Subject Complement
A noun clause can also serve as a subject as an adjective complement, modifying a verb,
complement. A subject complement will always adjective, or adverb.
modify, describe, or complete the subject of a
clause. -Jerry knows why Elaine went to the store.
-Carlie's problem was that she didn't practice
enough.

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We think that’s all,
thank you for your
attention and really
See u
sorry if there is so many
mistakes

babay!
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