• Stating Ability

menyatakan kemampuan / kesanggupan untuk melakukan sesuatu. Dalam

mengekspresikan kemampuan / kesanggupan dalam Bahasa Inggris, dapat menggunakan
modal “can atau be able” yang artinya “dapat / bisa”.
- Menggunakan:
Modal verb: CAN (dapat/ bisa)
Be (is, am, are) + able to (dapat/ bisa)
- Formula:

Verbal Sentences Nominal Sentences

S can + V1 C S be + able to + V1 C

+ They can borrow some books + I am able to do the exam

- I can cook delicious meal. - Serena is able to cook delicious meal.
- Alex can swim really well. - We are able to swim really well.
S cannot/ can’t + V1 C S be + not + able to + V1 C

- They can’t + borrow some books - I am not able to do the exam

- I can’t cook delicious meal. - Serena isn’t able to cook delicious meal.
- Alex can’t swim really well. - We aren’t able to swim really well.
Can S + V1 C? Be S + able to + V1 C?

Can they + borrow some books? Are you able to do the exam?
-Can you cook delicious meal? -Is Serena able to cook delicious meal?
Yes, I can. / Yes, I can cook delicious meal. Yes, she is. / Yes, she is able to cook
No, I can’t. / No, I can’t cook delicious meal. delicious meal.
? - Can Alex swim really well? ? No, she isn’t. / No, she isn’t able to cook
Yes, he can. / Yes, he can swim really well. delicious meal.
No, he can’t. / No, he can’t swim really well. - Are we able to swim really well?
Yes, we are. / Yes, we are able to swim
really well.
No, we aren’t. / No, we aren’t able to
swim really well.

• Stating Willingness
menyatakan kesediaan, kemauan untuk melakukan sesuatu. Untuk menyatakan
willingness dapat menggunakan modal “will atau be going to” yang berarti akan/ mau.
- Menggunakan:
Modal verb: WILL (akan/ mau)
Be (is, am, are) + going to (akan/ mau)
- Adverb of time: tomorrow, tonight, next week, one month later, etc.

a. Formula

Verbal Sentences Nominal Sentences

S will + V1 C S be + going to + V1 C

+ They will borrow some books + I am going to do the exam

- I will cook delicious meal. - Serena is going to cook delicious meal.
- Alex will swim tomorrow. - We are going to swim tomorrow.
 S will not/ won’t + V1 C S be + not + able to + V1 C

- They won’t + borrow some books - I am not going to do the exam

- I won’t cook delicious meal. - Serena isn’t going to cook delicious meal.
- Alex won’t swim tomorrow. - We aren’t going to swim tomorrow.
Will S + V1 C? Be S + able to + V1 C?

Will they + borrow some books? Are you going to do the exam?
- Will you cook delicious meal? - Is Serena going to cook delicious meal?
Yes, I will. / Yes, I will cook delicious meal. Yes, she is. / Yes, she is going to cook
No, I won’t. / No, I won’t cook delicious delicious meal.
? meal. ? No, she isn’t. / No, she isn’t going to cook
- Will Alex swim tomorrow? delicious meal.
Yes, he will. / Yes, he will swim tomorrow. - Are we going to swim tomorrow?
No, he won’t. / No, he won’t swim Yes, we are. / Yes, we are going to swim
tomorrow. tomorrow.
No, we aren’t. / No, we aren’t going to
swim tomorrow.