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BRITISH STANDARD |

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1052-2:1999
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Methods of test for |
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masonry Ð |
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Part 2: Determination of flexural |
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strength |
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The European Standard EN 1052-2:1999 has the status of a |
British Standard |
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ICS 91.080.30 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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BS EN 1052-2:1999

National foreword
This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1052-2:1999.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
B/519, Masonry and associated testing, to Subcommittee B/519/4, Masonry tests,
which has the responsibility to:

Ð aid enquirers to understand the text;


Ð present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the
interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed;
Ð monitor related international and European developments and promulgate
them in the UK.

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request


to its secretary.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European publications
referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the
section entitled ªInternational Standards Correspondence Indexº, or by using the
ªFindº facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
pages 2 to 11 and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document
was last issued.

This British Standard, having Amendments issued since publication


been prepared under the
direction of the Sector Amd. No. Date Comments
Committee for Building and Civil
Engineering, was published under
the authority of the Standards
Committee and comes into effect
on 15 November 1999

 BSI 11-1999

ISBN 0 580 35470 9


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BS EN |
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1052-2:1999 |
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BSI Ð British Standards Institution
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| BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It
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| presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is
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