DISASTER

MANAGEMENT

NAME- Soumya Prakash Jena

CLASS- IX “B”
Roll No.- 32
Subject- Geography
Subject Teacher- Mamata Ma’am
SL.NO TITLE PG.NO.

1 CERTIFICATE
1
2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
2
3 WHAT IS DISASTER
3
4 DROUGHT
4
5 FLOOD
5
6 CYCLONE
6
7 EARTHQUAKE
7
8 CONCLUSION
8
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project has been made by

“Soumya Prakash Jena” of class 9th.
On the topic “Disaster Management” under the
guidance of our geography teacher “Mamata Ma’am”
and have been completed it successfully

SIGNATURE OF:

Soumya Prakash Jena Mamata Ma’am

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my

teacher Mamata Ma’am, who gave me the golden
opportunity to do this wonderful project of Geography
on "Disaster Management ", Who also helped me in
completing my project. I came to know about so many new
things I am really thankful to them. Secondly, I would
also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a
lot in finalizing this project within the limited time frame.

Soumya Prakash Jena

Class-IX “B”
 Conclusion

Here, I have come to the end of the project on the topic of

“Disaster Management”

I would like to share my experience while doing this project.

I learnt many things about the “Disaster Management” and
it was a wonderful learning experience for me while
working on this project.

This project has developed my thinking skill and more

interest in this subject. This project gave me real insight into
Geography.
 What is Disaster

A disaster is a serious problem occurring over a short or

long period of time that causes widespread human,
material, economic or environmental loss which exceeds
the ability of the affected community or society to cope
using its own resources. Disasters are routinely divided
into either "natural disasters" caused by natural hazards or
"human-instigated disasters" caused from anthropogenic
hazards. However, in modern times, the divide between
natural, man-made and man-accelerated disasters is quite
difficult to draw.
 DROUGHT

A drought is defined as drier than normal conditions. This

means that a drought is "a moisture deficit relative to the
average water availability at a given location and season".
A drought can last for days, months or years. Drought
often exerts substantial impacts on the ecosystems and
agriculture of affected regions and cause harm to the local
economy. Annual dry seasons in the tropics significantly
increase the chances of a drought developing and
subsequent wildfires. Periods of heat can significantly
worsen drought conditions by hastening evaporation of
water vapour.
 FLOOD

A flood is an overflow of water (or rarely other fluids) that

submerges land that is usually dry.[1] In the sense of
"flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow
of the tide. Floods are an area of study of the discipline
hydrology and are of significant concern in agriculture,
civil engineering and public health. Human changes to the
environment often increase the intensity and frequency of
flooding, for example land use changes such as
deforestation and removal of wetlands, changes in
waterway course or flood controls such as with levees, and
larger environmental issues such as climate change and
sea level rise. In particular climate change's increased
rainfall and extreme weather events increases the severity
of other causes for flooding, resulting in more intense
floods and increased flood risk.
 CYCLONE

A cyclone is a large air mass that rotates around a strong

centre of low atmospheric pressure, counter clockwise in
the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern
Hemisphere as viewed from above (opposite to an
anticyclone). Cyclones are characterized by inward-
spiralling winds that rotate about a zone of low pressure.
The largest low-pressure systems are polar vortices and
extratropical cyclones of the largest scale (the synoptic
scale). Warm-core cyclones such as tropical cyclones and
subtropical cyclones also lie within the synoptic scale.
Mesocyclones, tornadoes, and dust devils lie within
smaller mesoscale. Upper-level cyclones can exist without
the presence of a surface low, and can pinch off from the
base of the tropical upper tropospheric trough during the
summer months in the Northern Hemisphere.
 EARTHQUAKE

An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor)

is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a
sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that
creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity,
from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt, to
those violent enough to propel objects and people into the
air and wreak destruction across entire cities. The seismic
activity of an area is the frequency, type, and size of
earthquakes experienced over a particular time period. The
seismicity at a particular location in the Earth is the
average rate of seismic energy release per unit volume.