Lesson 1: Head Nurse: Definition, Skills and Job Description

HEAD NURSE (CLINICAL NURSE MANAGER)

In hospitals and other medical facilities, the nursing department is important for
the continued safety, treatment and comfort of patients. Head nurses oversee the
nursing department, directly managing the nursing staff and ensuring they follow
all procedures and medical best practices.
 Head nurses are healthcare professionals who fulfill both nursing and
managerial duties. They direct the nursing staff and serve as the primary point of
communication between the nurses and the doctors, administration and other
professionals in their healthcare facility.
What does a head nurse do?
Head nurses perform many duties throughout the facility in which they work. As
nurses, they accomplish typical day-to-day nursing responsibilities for patients. As
managers, their responsibilities involve supervision, administration and
communication.
Head Nurse's DAY TO DAY responsibilities are:
● Assisting with and coordinating patient care
● Allocating nursing and healthcare resources where needed
● Organizing nurses' notes regarding patients
● Providing patient paperwork to doctors
● Coordinating patient payments with payments department or process
payments on their own
● Participating in the hiring of new nursing staff and training new hires
● Creating schedules for nursing staff
● Resolving employee conflicts
● Resolving patient issues
● Creating reports for facility management
● Placing orders for equipment and supplies

Important skills for a Head Nurse (Clinical Nurse Manager)

In order to complete their daily tasks, head nurses require a combination of abilities
related to office administration, interpersonal skills and managerial proficiency.
The skills most helpful for head nurses include:
● Leadership - Head nurses use strong leadership skills to ensure their
nursing staff performs their jobs correctly and safely.
● Communication - It's important for head nurses to communicate patient
needs, nursing instructions and other medically important information
clearly and efficiently.
 ● Organization - Coordinating the nursing staff, managing patient records
and monitoring patient treatment all rely heavily on the head nurse's
organization skills.
● Customer service - Head nurses often work together with vendors to
place and fulfill orders for supplies and equipment. Also, though they
don't view patients as customers, customer service skills are helpful when
interacting with patients, listening to their needs and fulfilling their
requests.
● Empathy and compassion - Head nurses use empathy and compassion
when working with patients so that they can better understand their
patients' needs, which helps them better address their patients' medical
issues.
● Analytical skills - Since head nurses often diagnose patients, analyzing
test results or studying patient files can help them understand what the
medical issue may be. Also, analyzing hospital records can help with
their administrative duties.
● Conflict resolution - As the manager of the nursing staff, head nurses
must often resolve any conflicts the staff may have with each other or
with their patients to help facilitate a positive and productive
environment for all.
● Ability to multitask - Medical facilities are often fast-paced work
environments with many tasks in need of completion. As a manager,
head nurses take responsibility for completing many of these tasks in
addition to typical nursing duties.
● Responsibility - As the head of the nursing staff, much of the
responsibility for patient care belongs to the head nurse. Employers
expect their head nurses to welcome this responsibility and prioritize
patient health and safety.

Experience Requirements for Head Nurses (Clinical Nurse Manager)

At most facilities, head nurses typically need at least 5 years of nursing experience
to qualify for consideration for the position. Additionally, many employers prefer
their head nurses to have 1-3 years of experience in a supervisory position. This
can include some supervision or training assistance for staff like nursing aides.

Lesson 2: Staff Nurse: Duties and Responsibilities

Staff Nurse RN Responsibilities and Duties

● Restores and promotes patient’s health by completing the nursing

process.
● Provide nursing care to patients according to hospital policies.
● Make updates to patient care plan according to their changing needs and
properly coordinated to immediate head {Head Nurse/Unit
Manager/Charge Nurse}
● Perform routine procedures (Vital Signs, administering injections etc.)
and fill in patients’ charts.
● Collaborates with the doctor and immediate head (head nurse / charge
nurse) regarding patient care
● Provides physical and psychological support to patients, friends, and
families.
● Identifies patient care requirements by establishing personal rapport with
patients and their families.
● Establishes a compassionate environment by providing emotional,
psychological, and spiritual support to patients, friends, and families.
● Assures quality of care by adhering to therapeutic standards; measuring
health outcomes against patient care goals and hospital or regulatory
standards.
● Resolves patient problems and needs by utilizing multidisciplinary team
strategies.
● Maintains safe and clean working environment by complying with
procedures, rules, and regulations.
● Protects patients and employees by adhering to infection-control policies
and protocols; medication administration and storage procedures; and
controlled substance regulations.
● Documents patient care services by charting in patient and department
records.
● Maintains continuity among nursing teams by documenting and
communicating actions, irregularities, and continuing needs.
● Maintains patient confidence and protects operations by keeping
information confidential.
● Ensures operation of equipment by completing preventive maintenance
requirements; calling for repairs; and evaluating new equipment and
techniques.
● Maintains nursing supplies inventory by checking stock to determine
inventory level.
● Supervise and train Nursing Aides/assistants
● Maintains professional and technical knowledge by attending educational
workshops and participating in professional societies.
● Maintains a cooperative relationship among health care teams by
communicating information and participating in team problem-solving
methods.
● Contributes to team effort by accomplishing related results as needed.
Module 4

Lesson 1: Controlling

CONTROLLING
● It is an ongoing function of management
● It includes assessing and regulating performance
● It offers opportunities for improvement and comparing performance
against standards
● The means of good performance and management includes
> leadership and commitment
> full employee involvement
> good planning
> sound implementation strategy, measurement, and evaluation,
control and improvement,
> the achievement and sustenance of standards of excellence.

Reasons For Conducting Evaluation

1. Evaluation ensures that quality nursing care is provided.
2. It allows for the setting of sensible objectives and ensures compliance
with them.
3. It provides standards for establishing comparisons.
4. It promotes visibility and a means for employees to monitor their own
performance.
5. It highlights problems related to quality care and determines the areas
that require priority attention.
6. It provides an indication of the costs of poor quality.
7. It justifies the use of resources.
8. It provides feedback for improvement.

Basic Components of the Control Process

1. Establishment of standards, objectives, and methods for measuring
performance;
2. Measurement of actual performance;
 3. Comparison of results of performance with standards and objectives and
identifying strengths and areas for correction and/ or improvement;
4. Action to reinforce strengths or successes; and
5. Implementation of corrective action as necessary

Lesson 2: Problem Solving Process (PSP)

What is Problem Solving Process (PSP)

Effective problem solving is one of the key attributes that separate great leaders
from average ones. Being a successful leader doesn’t mean that you don’t have any
issues. Instead, it means that you know how to solve problems effectively as they
arise.
Nursing students will be expected to have or develop strong problem-solving skills.
Problem-solving is centered on your ability to identify critical issues and create or
identify solutions. Well-developed problem-solving skills are a characteristic of a
successful student. Remember, problems are a part of everyday life, and your
ability to resolve problems will positively influence your future.

6 Steps of Problem Solving Process

Step 1: Identify and Define the Problem
● It is not difficult to overlook the actual problem in a situation and focus
your attention on issues that are not relevant. This is why it is essential
that you look at the problem from different perspectives. This provides a
broad view of the situation that allows you to weed out factors that are
not important and identify the root cause of the problem.

Step 2: Analyze the Problem

● Break down the problem to get an understanding of the problem.
Determine how the problem developed. Determine the impact of the
problem.

Step 3: Develop Solutions

 ● Brainstorm and list all possible solutions that focus on resolving the
identified problem. Do not eliminate any possible solutions at this stage.

Step 4: Analyze and Select the Best Solution

● List the advantages and disadvantages of each solution before deciding
on a course of action. Review the advantages and disadvantages of each
possible solution. Determine how the solution will resolve the problem.
What are the short-term and long-term disadvantages of each solution?
What are the potential short-term and long-term benefits of each
solution? Which solution will help you meet your goals?

Step 5: Implement the Solution

● Create a plan of action. Decide how you will move forward with your
decision by determining the steps you must take to ensure that you move
forward with your solution. Now, execute your plan of action.

Step 6: Evaluate the Solution

● Monitor your decision. Assess the results of your solution. Are you
satisfied with the results? Did your solution resolve the problem? Did it
produce a new problem? Do you have to modify your solution to achieve
better results? Are you closer to achieving your goal? What have you
learned?

The process is one of continuous improvement. The goal is not to solve

but to EVOLVE, adjusting the solution continually as new challenges emerge
through repeating the Six-Step Process.
Module 5

Lesson 1: Guidelines in Choosing a Field of Nursing

Nurses are the heartbeat of health care. They tend to patients at the bedside, work
collaboratively with other health care providers, and communicate important
information to patients and their families to help ensure the best possible outcomes.
The role of a nurse also varies widely—there are a number of career paths nurses
can choose depending on their goals and passions. Some positions require more
education and training. Others provide opportunities to work with unique patient
populations.

With the nursing field constantly evolving, there are a variety of different types of nurses you
can be. The demand for nurses is continually growing, and the nursing career path offers many
worthwhile benefits such as strong salaries, numerous opportunities, and a feeling of fulfillment.
Sharing withn you this article, you’ll learn what kind of nurses there are and the unique
opportunities for each of these types of nursing jobs.
https://www.gmercyu.edu/academics/learn/types-of-nurses

20 Fast-Growing Nursing Specialties according

With so many nursing specialties, it can be hard to decide what type of nurses would be a good
fit for you. From an oncology nurse to a nurse practitioner, there is a type of nurse for every
interest. Below you can find a list of different types of nurses and descriptions for the 20
fastest-growing nursing specialties.

1. Registered Nurse (RN)

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree
● Expected Job Growth: 15% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, residential care facilities, etc.
● Registered Nurses (RN) provide and coordinate patient care, educate patients and the
public about various health conditions, and provide advice and emotional support to
 patients and their family members. Most registered nurses work in a team with
physicians and other health care specialists in various settings. Depending on the type
of registered nurse you'd like to become, you should consider whether an RN vs BSN
degree is right for you.
● You will need either an associate's degree or bachelor's degree in nursing to become
an RN, therefore you can begin working in the field much sooner than other medical
professions. As a regsitered nurse, you have the many career opportunities to work in
different specialties depending on your interests.

2. Cardiac Nurse
● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor's of Science Degree,
Registered Nursing License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 16% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, In-Home Care and Rehab Centers

One of the leading causes of death in the United States today is heart disease. The demand for
cardiac nurses continues to grow with the rising number of patients affected with heart-related
problems. As a cardiac nurse, you will also assist with surgical procedures such as bypass,
angioplasty, or pacemaker surgery.

3. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)

● Education Requirement: Masters Degree (MSN), Registered Nurse License (RN)
and One Year in Acute Care Setting
● Expected Job Growth: 16% increase

A Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) is a highly trained nurse that specializes in
assisting with anesthesia during surgeries. CRNA’s make up some of the highest-paid nurse
specialties in the medical field due to the high demand of these nurses in surgical settings and
detailed training they receive. In order to become a certified registered nurse anesthetist, you
must complete a degree from a graduate level program. The Doctor of Nursing Practice at
Gwynedd Mercy University is an ideal program for certified registered nurse anesthetists to
further their education.

4. Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)

● Education Requirement: Master's Degree and sometimes a Doctoral degree
● Expected Job Growth: 15% (much faster than average)
Clinical nurse specialists are a type of advanced practice registered nurse (APRN), who provide
direct patient care by working with other nurses and staff to improve the quality of care a patient
receives. They often serve in leadership roles and may educate and advise other nursing staff.
Learn more about how to become a CNS

5. Critical Care Nurse

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree,
Registered Nursing License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 19% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals and Doctor’s Offices

Critical Care Nurses are very similar to Registered Nurses, especially in education level, but the
main difference is a critical care nurse is specifically trained for emergency situations. A critical
care nurse can be expected to tend to serious wounds and monitoring life support systems in
stressful scenarios.

6. ER Nurse
● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree,
Registered Nursing License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 16% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals

With their team in the emergency room, an ER nurse performs an array of tasks after careful
evaluation and stabilization of a patient. An ER nurse can be expected to determine proper
medication administration by reviewing a patient’s medical charts, as well tend to basic wounds
or ailments.

7. Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP)

● Education Requirement: Master's Degree in Nursing (MSN) and Registered
Nursing License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 16% increase
● Employment Locations: Doctor’s Offices and Hospice Facilities
A family nurse practitioner (FNP) are specifically trained in primary health care services for all
ages. Normal duties of a family nurse practitioner include diagnosing and treating illnesses,
physical exams, diagnostic testing and prescribing medications.

8. Geriatric Nursing
● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree, and
Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 19-26% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Doctor’s Offices and Nursing Homes

A geriatric nurse specializes in the treatment of older patients in order to provide care for injuries
or ailments, illness and maintain their quality of life. In addition to caring for older patients, they
can also anticipate future care for their patients and long-term illnesses such as cancer or
Alzheimer’s disease. The Post-Master's Nurse Practitioner Certificate at Gwynedd Mercy
University provides classes that specifically focus on geriatric conditions and can help to further
your career in this specialty.

9. Perioperative Nurse (Surgical/OR Nurse)

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree, and
Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 16% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Surgical Centers and Outpatient Facilities

A perioperative nurse, also known as a surgical nurse or an operating room nurse, focuses on
pre- and post-operation care for a patient. They can set up a surgical room for operations,
manage the tools for operations, and apply bandages during surgeries to control and maintain the
bleeding of a patient.

10. Mental Health Nurse

● Education Requirement: Master's Degree and Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 31% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Rehabilitation Centers, Psychiatric Facilities
A mental health nurse specializes in the diagnosis and treating of psychological disorders in
patients. Counseling services are also often an essential duty within this nursing discipline.

11. Nurse Educator

● Education Requirement: Master's Degree and Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 19% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Universities, Community Colleges

Nurse educators are responsible for teaching nursing students about caring for patients. They
may teach comprehensive lessons about nursing in general, or focus on specific areas of nursing.
Learn more about How to Become a Nurse Educator.

12. Nurse Manager

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree, and
Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 19% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Surgical Centers and Outpatient Facilities

The role of a nurse manager is that of a supervisory clinical path. Many nurse managers move
into an administrative role and handle tasks that include recruitment of nurses, creating schedules
and make decisions regarding budget and management.

13. Nurse Midwife

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree, and
Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 9% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals and Doctor’s Offices

A nurse midwife specializes in the care of pregnant women. They also assist in labor and
delivery, as well as in prenatal appointments. Nurse midwives continue their care after the
delivery room by educating and counselling new mothers on adjusting to life with a newborn.

14. Nurse Practitioner

 ● Education Requirement: Master's Degree or Doctor of Nursing Practice Degree
(DNP)
● Expected Job Growth: 31% Increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Doctor’s Offices

Nurse practitioners serve as primary and specialty care providers, delivering advanced nursing
services to patients and their families. They may also perform physical examinations, order
testing and prescribe medications. If you would like to learn more about What Nurse a
Practitioner Do

15. Nursing Administrator

● Education Requirement: Bachelor’s of Science Degree and Registered Nurse
License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 20% Increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Outpatient Care Centers

A nursing administrator is similar to a nurse manager, but on a much larger scale. One of the
primary duties of a nursing administrator is to oversee entire units of nursing teams. The
operation of the unit relies on the management of the nursing administrator to run smoothly and
effectively.

16. Oncology Nurse

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree, and
Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 19% Increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Cancer Treatment Centers

The treatment of cancer is what oncology nurses are highly trained in, and they help educate
patients about their treatment options or remission status. Oncology nurses will continue to
monitor their patients progress and symptoms, and can prescribe medications.

17. Orthopedic Nurse

● Education Requirement: Bachelor’s of Science Degree and Registered Nurse
License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 26% Increase
 ● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Doctor’s Office, Rehabilitation Centers

Orthopedic nurses focus on musculoskeletal issues and diseases that include fractured bones,
arthritis, joint replacements and osteoporosis. They can help care for physical issues, as well as
intricate disease management.

18. Pediatric Nurse

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree, and
Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 26% increase
● Employment Locations: Doctor’s Offices, Hospitals

From infancy into teenage years, a pediatric nurse specializes in care for children. Much like
other nurses, pediatric nurses can perform physical examinations, diagnose illness and develop
treatment plans.

19. Public Health Nurse

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree, and
Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 19% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospital, Community Clinic

A public health nurse advocates and teaches communities about important health information
concerning their society. They strive to educate their patients about different treatment options,
prevention of disease and assist individuals with medical care.

20. Travel Nurse

● Education Requirement: Associates Degree or Bachelor’s of Science Degree, and
Registered Nurse License (RN)
● Expected Job Growth: 19% increase
● Employment Locations: Hospitals, Doctor’s Offices

Travel nurses are unique in that they are able to move from location to location based on their
contract, and interact with patients from numerous locations. Travel nurses also receive their
hourly pay, accompanied by a housing stipend. Along with the satisfaction of working and
learning in new locations, travel nurses are able to broaden their experiences both professionally
and personally through their journey.

Lesson 2: Recruitment Process

RECRUITING NURSES
The recruitment of qualified nursing professionals is pivotal in the role of nurse
executives and is paramount in ensuring safe and effective care delivery. The goal
in recruiting is to attract the best and brightest talent. However, many nursing
employers have settled for warm bodies to fill empty positions. Unfortunately, this
often leaves the selection of new nurses to chance and may result in both unhappy
employees and miserable employers. Nursing employers must be willing to do
what it takes to attract the best candidates. Today’s workforce is not as complex as
some believe. In fact, most nurses are looking for the basics: challenging
assignments, opportunities to grow as professionals, authentic work–life balance,
and economic rewards. The efforts to recruit nurses should be focused and
intentional. Otherwise, recruitment efforts are left to chance with disappointing
results. Successful recruitment efforts begin with a strategic plan. Without a plan,
what do employers tell prospective employees about the organization’s future?
Bright people expect documented strategies and a game plan. One of the best ways
to welcome developing nursing professionals into the workplace is to offer them a
spot on a team. Generations X and Y—those born between 1965 and 1976, and
1977 and 1994, respectively—value the chance to be part of a group with a larger
goal. However, if the prospective workplace has no goals, the potential employee
may look elsewhere find a more attractive and exciting place to work. Training and
learning are no longer a benefit; they are an expectation. Today’s nursing
workforce expects more than just technical competence. They have been educated
to insist on continuing education that will aid their professional development.
Nursing leadership must commit to the investment. In addition, the facility must
provide up-to-date technology. The best employees expect the best tools. Today’s
healthcare employers must be willing to offer nurses a work–life balance. One of
the reasons many children of nurses shun the profession is the absence of work–life
balance they witnessed while growing up. Today’s nurses are no longer willing to
work the long, arduous schedules that once dictated the lives of their professional
predecessors. Successful employers who recognize that nurses need time to
rejuvenate will maintain a healthy nursing workforce. Many organizations
recognize the need for balance and offer job-sharing, telecommuting, flex-time,
and part-time employment (Weinstein, 2015). Finally, there must be room for
advancement, or bright nurses will not stay. Facilities that are serious about
recruiting develop mechanisms that provide clear passageways for advancement.
Examples are career ladders and clinical advancement programs. There are no
magic formulas for recruiting nurses. A sound recruitment plan clearly
differentiates one healthcare facility from another and makes it a strong contender
in the fight for today’s most talented nurses.
In the recruitment and selection process, HR managers or recruiters need to
identify job vacancies, analyze job requirements, receive and review applications
from candidates. Then, the most suitable candidate will be selected from the
shortlist.
Lesson 3: Personal Job Interview

How to prepare for an interview

Take a look at the following steps that will help you in preparing for an interview:
● Step 1- Conduct background research: The first thing you should do is
research the organization, its products and services, clients, and its
industry profile. Next, it would be beneficial to understand the job role
for which you will be interviewed. Ask questions about the job role in the
interview if you have any doubts.
● Step 2- Compare your qualifications and skills with the job
requirement: Examine the job description to ensure you have all the
required qualifications, knowledge, and skill-set for the role. It is also
essential to understand the hierarchical position you would hold if you
joined the company.
● Step 3- Practice interview etiquette: This will help you make a good
impression on the interviewer. Greet everyone at the organization with a
pleasant and enthusiastic smile. You should also try and pay attention to
your body language, shake hands firmly, maintain eye contact with the
interviewer while talking, and always look interested in the ongoing
conversation.
● Step 4- Prepare responses to common questions: Some questions are
common to all types of interviews. It will be an added advantage if you
practice answering these questions beforehand.
● Step 5- Dress to impress: You should wear conservative business attire
and professional shoes. Avoid wearing very bright colors and ensure
what you are wearing is wrinkle-free and devoid of any stains.
● Step 6- Decide what you need to carry to the interview: When you are
going for an interview, it is recommended you take certain things with
you, such as:
○ Hard copies of your resume;
○ Notepad and a pen;
○ A list of professional references;
○ Documents that have been requested;
 ○ Portfolio containing your work samples.

In addition to these steps, here are a few interview tips that would help you as well.
● Do not be late for the interview;
● Do not panic during the interview;
● Do not lie about your experience and skills;
● Avoid taking long pauses while speaking in the discussion;
● Ask relevant questions.

What to do in an interview?

During an interview, you should keep the following in mind:

● Listen properly: Listening is a highly underrated skill that everyone
should focus on. During an interview, whenever the interviewer is
speaking, they provide you with information, which is a missed
opportunity for you if you don't listen carefully. Proper communication
skills consist of listening and letting the speaker know that you heard and
understood what they said.
● Answer the questions thoughtfully: Avoid answering a question as soon
as it is asked. Pace yourself, compose the answer in your head and then
answer it. Include examples or analogies wherever possible, showing the
interviewer that you know what you are talking about.
● Use appropriate language: Ensure that you use professional language
during your interview. Avoid using slang words or references to race,
gender, or sexual orientation, as using these terms could result in your
candidature being rejected.
● Ask questions: Asking questions to the interviewer is recommended as it
shows that you are interested in the organization. It will also help you
understand if the organization is the right fit for you.
● Be honest: Do not lie about skills or specific knowledge on your resume.
Interviewers can easily catch you out on something that is not true, which
could lead to you being rejected. If you believe you do not possess a
specific skill and you are asked about it in the interview, it is
 recommended you are honest and respond by saying you do not acquire
that skill at present but are interested in learning it.

What not to do in an interview?

There are a few things you should never say or do in an interview. Take a look at
them:
● Do not act familiar with the interviewer: The interview is a
professional discussion regarding business and not the time to make a
new friend. It would be better for you to behave and interact formally
with the interviewer. However, ensure that you should also display your
energy and enthusiasm for the job role at hand.
● Do not talk too much: If you end up talking too much in your interview,
you might inadvertently say something didn't mean to. When you have
not prepared for an interview, you may sometimes ramble while
answering questions; this should also be avoided.
● Do not act desperate: If you want a particular job, stay clear of coming
across as desperate when speaking with the interviewer. Therefore, avoid
using phrases like "please hire me" and "I want this job so badly."
● Do not interrupt the interviewer: Interrupting anyone while speaking
can be considered rude, especially during an interview. As the
interviewer might be saying something crucial, you should listen to them
patiently and save your questions for the period after the interviewer has
finished speaking.
● Avoid being confrontational: Occasionally, interviewers may ask you
difficult questions and then challenge your answers to see how you react
under pressure. Remember, they are not attacking you personally, so you
must stay calm in such a scenario. Answering back or getting angry will
diminish your chances of getting the job.
● Do not be late: This is one of the worst things you can do in an
interview. This shows that you are not serious and have a terrible attitude.
Job interviewers are very busy, and if you are late to an interview, it
affects their schedule. If you have a genuine reason for being late, always
 contact the interviewer before and reschedule the interview for a later
time or date.

Sample interview questions

Take a look at some of the common questions that may be asked in job interviews:
● Tell us about yourself.
● What are your strengths and weaknesses?
● Why should we hire you?
● Why do you want to work for this organization?
● Where do you see yourself in the next five years?
● How did you hear about the job opening?
● What is your most significant professional achievement to date?
● Describe your dream job.
● Why do you want to change careers?
● Tell us the last time you got angry with a colleague. How did you handle
it?
● What is your leadership style?
● What are your three top skills?

What to do after an interview?

After you are done with an interview, here are a few recommended things to do:
● Send a thank-you note to your interviewer;
● Contact the organization after some time to find out if you have obtained
the job;
● Evaluate your performance and create a list of things in which you
performed well and in which you have to improve;
● If you receive the job offer immediately after the interview, thank the
employer and request some time to consider the proposal.