PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION AMONG STUDENT OF

FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, NASARAWA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA

BY

RHODA JACOB
(FPN/S03/2018/2019/PHSLT/018)

A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) IN SCIENCES LABORATORY
TECHNOLOGY

THE DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF APPLIED SCIENCE
FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC NASARAWA
PMB 001, NASARAWA, NASARAWA STATE

DECEMBER, 2020.

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 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that this research project work title: Prevalence Of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Among Student Of Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, Nigeria written by names
and registration number; Rhoda Jacob FPN/SAS/2018/20169PHDSLT/018, The research work
has been examined and approved as meet the requirement for the award of Higher National
Diploma in Science Laboratory Technology of Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa.

Dr. Yakubu Aliyu _____________

(Project Supervisor) Signature/Date

Mr. Suleiman Ndiriza _____________

(Head of Department) Signature/Date

External Examiner _____________

Signature/Date

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Our sincere gratitude goes to God almighty, the giver of life, strength , health, wisdom and favor
and for making this research work a success. I will like to express our profound gratitude and
appreciation to our supervisor Dr. Yakubu Aliyu for his patience in guiding and directing us
through the whole writing . we acknowledge the head of Department of Science Laboratory
Technology in person of Mr. Suleiman Ndiriza for his counseling.

I cannot forget to say a big thank you to our able lecturers for impacting knowledge in to our
mind during the cause of our programme and also we appreciate our lovely parents and siblings
for their prayers financial support and encouragement that makes great impact on our lives.

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 DEDICATION

This project work is dedicated to the almighty God for his guidance and protection upon our
lives throughout the period of our Higher National Diploma (HND).

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 ABSTRACT
It has long been known that HCV infection is endemic in Nigeria with variable prevalence rates
reported among subgroups and regions. Here we report the prevalence of HCV antibody among
teenage Polytechnic students in Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa Nigeria. A cross-sectional study
was performed involving 50 teenage students at Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nasarawa State,
Nigeria. In total, 18 of the participants blood samples were reactive for HCV antibody with no
difference between males and females. The 0.7% HCV antibody prevalence rate found in the
participants in our study is lower than the overall prevalence of 2.1% recorded for Nigeria. This
study provides further evidence of a low HCV prevalence among young healthy teenage
Polytechnic students in Nigeria.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page - - - - - - - - - - i

Certification - - - - - - - - - - ii

Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - iii

Dedication - - - - - - - - - - iv

Abstract - - - - - - - - - - v

Table of content - - - - - - - - - vi

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - - 1

1.1 Statement of the Problem - - - - - - - 2

1.2 Justification for the study - - - - - - - 3
1.3 Aim of the Study - - - - - - - - 3

1.4 Specific objectives of the Study - - - - - - 3

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review - - - - - - - - 4

2.1 Hepatitis C Virus- ; - - - - - - - 4

2.2 Signs and Symptoms of Hepatitis C Virus infection-- - - - 5

2.3 Virology of Hepatitis C virus - - - - - - 8

2.4 Transition of Hepatitis C Virus- - - - - - - 9

2.5 Serology - - - - - - - - - 11

2.6 Prevention of Hepatitis C Virus Infection- - - - - - 13

2.7 Treatment of Hepatitis C virus- - - - - - - 15

2.8 Molecular Diagnostic Methods- - - - - - - 15

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 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Materials and Methods - - - - - - - 15

3.1 Study Area - - - - - - - - - 15

3.2 Study Population - - - - - - - 24

3.3 Collection of sample - - - - - - - - 16

3.4 HVC detection Procedure - - - - - - - 16

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Result - - - - - - - - - - 17

4.1 Summary of Positive Figures - - - - - - - 17

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 Discussion - - - - - - - - 19

5.1 Discussion - - - - - - - - - 19

5.2 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - - 40

References - - - - - - - - - 20

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