IDEAS FOLLOWED BY FOLLOWED BY FOLLOWED BY FOLLOWED BY ADVERBIALS CLAUSE NOUN GROUP ADVERBIALS NOUN GROUP ADVERBIALS NOUN GROUP First of all, Because Because of Therefore, hence Besides, In the first place, As Due to Consequently, Moreover, In the second Since Owing to As a result, Furthermore, place, Secondly, Given that As a consequence, On top of that, Next, Insofar as That is why What is more, Finally, So …as well. …as well as… Last but not least, In (the) light of the above, In (the) light of … In addition, Last but certainly With this in mind, Additionally, In addition to this, not least, Other than that, (adding + contrast) Apart from that, Together with that,…, together with … …coupled with… ,not to mention… REFERRING TO CHANGING OTHER CONDITIONS CONTRAST SIMILARITY THE SUBJECT FOLLOWED BY FOLLOWED BY FOLLOWED BY FOLLOWED BY SOURCES ADVERBIALS NOUN GROUP CLAUSE ADVERBIALS NOUN GROUP CLAUSE ADVERBIALS On a different According to X, If However, In spite of Although By the same token, note, That’s beside the In point. X’s view, (That is irrelevant/unrelated Unless to Nevertheless, the topic in hand). Despite Even though Similarly, Provided that/providing Nonetheless, that Albeit Even if Likewise, As long as Having said that, Notwithstanding In the same way, Insofar as/ In so far Yet, as (to the extent that) Insofar that/In so far Andthat yet, On the one hand…on the other hand EXPRESSING PERSONAL GIVING EXPLAINING/ EMPHASISING REPHRASING SUMMING UP OPINION FOLLOWED BY FOLLOWED BY EXAMPLES ADVERBIALS CLAUSE ADVERBIALS CLAUSE ADVERBIALS ADVERBIALS ADVERBIALS In my opinion, It seems to me In fact, , namely, In other words, In conclusion, that In my view, I feel that As a matter of To put it To sum up, fact, differently, From my point of Actually, ,that is to say, All things considered, view, Personally, Needless to say, It goes without saying that… Taking everything into As I see it, On balance, To my mind, In short, As far as I am To put it briefly, concerned, A2 B1 B2 C1 C2