Bone Matrix o May become embedded within the matrix as

– Extracellular component of the Bone OSTEOCYTES.

– Composed of an organic component (osteoid – 35%) and Osteocytes
(mineral component – 65%) - Interconnected by an intricate network of dendritic
 Osteoid – made of TYPE I COLLAGEN and some cytoplasmic processes through tunnels (CANALICULI)
glycosaminoglycans - Control calcium and phosphate levels
o Osteopontin (osteocalcin) – unique to bone - Detect mechanical forces and translate them into biologic
 Produced by osteoblasts activity (MECHANOTRANSDUCTION)
 Plays a role in bone formation, mineralization,
and calcium homeostasis Osteoclast
 SENSITIVE and SPECIFIC marker for osteoblast - Specialized multinucleated macrophages from circulating
activity monocytes that are responsible for bone resorption
- CELL SURFACE INTEGRINS
– HARDNESS  unique feature o Osteoclast attach to bone matrix
 Unique feature of bone matrix o Create a sealed extracellular trench (resorption
 Imparted by HYDROXYAPATITE pit)
o Imparts bone hardness - Secretion of neutral proteases (MATRIX
o Serves as a repository for 99% of the body’s calcium METALLOPROTEASES) and acids
and 85% of its phosphorous.
DEVELOPMENT
– Synthesized in one of two histologic forms: WOVEN or - EMBRYOGENESIS
LAMELLAR o Most bones develop from a cartilage
o WOVEN BONE -
 Produced rapidly
 Fetal development, fracture repair
 Haphazard arrangement of collagen fibers –
impart less structural integrity than the parallel
collagen fibers in slowly produced lamellar bone
 Presence in ADULTS is ALWAYS ABNORMAL
 Not specific in any particular bone disease
 Can be found in a variety of pathologic
settings

CELLS
- Cellular component of mature bone
 Osteoblast – bone synthesizing
 Osteocytes
 Osteoclast – bone resorbing

Osteoblasts
- Located on the surface of the matrix
- Synthesize, transport, and assemble the matrix
- Regulate the matrix’s mineralization
- Matrix Synthesis
o Tightly regulated by hormonal and local mediators
- Becomes inactive overtime – indicated by a decrease in
cytoplasm
o Some inactive cells remain on the surface of the
trabecular