Christine Joy Manantan Arco BSED 1-D

ED 203-The Child and Adolescent Learner & Learning Principles

Unit 1: General Principles of Human Development

Lesson 1. Basic Concepts, Principles and Factors of Development

ACTIVITY
Where do they belong?

Below is a jumble of words for you to classify whether under growth or

development. A table is provided for your classification.

Speech & language Social and emotional

Body Organs Body size
Height Bone mass
Cognitive Skeletal muscles
Gross motor skills Moral thinking
Weight Fine motor skills

Growth Development
Height Speech & language

Weight Cognitive

Body size Gross motor skills

Bone mass Social and emotional

Skeletal muscles Moral thinking

Body Organs Fine motor skills

ANALYSIS

PLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

1. What guided you in your classification?

 Well, based on what I remember, growth is all about quantitative
improvement and development is related to the qualitative change.
That’s the guide I use to differentiate the two. Growth can be
measured by number and development is the quality.
2. What is the relationship of growth and development?
 Both growth and development is happening in human life.
3. How can maximum growth and development be achieved?
 In my opinion, maximum growth and development can be achieved if
you become contented. If you’re not contented you won’t achieve that
maximum, because you tend to continue learning and you will aim
different goals that would continue until it covers your entire life span.
4. What factors can influence growth and development?
 There are different factors that can influence the growth and
development of a child, these are heredity, environment, sex, exercise
and health, hormones, nutrition, familial influence, geographical
influences, socio-economic status, and learning.

APPLICATION & ASSESSMENT

1. Using the template below, state five principles/facts of human development and
their implications to classroom practices, childcare, and parenting. Think of specific
practices, activities that you may have experienced or observed which demonstrate
the principles or facts of development. Please transfer the template to a separate
piece of paper for your answers.

Principle/Fact of Human Development Implications to classroom practices,

childcare, and parenting. You may cite
specific practices or activities that embed
the principle or fact.

Development is lifelong. This characteristic of life-span perspective

implies that development occurs even
until our last breath.

Development is plastic. This characteristic of life-span perspective

implies that change occurs in development
 in child-care, children undergo drastic
changes, and of course that includes their
needs.

Development is multidimensional. This characteristic of life-span perfective

implies that development is established in
the processes of physical, mental, and
socio-emotional aspect of a person.
Development is contextual.
This characteristic of life-span perspective
implies that development is based on a
person’s background such as their culture,
belief, and physical environment.

Development involves growth,

This characteristic of life-span perspective
maintenance and regulation.
implies that development consists of
growth, maintenance and regulation,
wherein child-care growth is mostly seen
through physical changes, so the
maintaining and regulating the act of
consuming healthy foods should be
implemented.
2. Below are the 12 principles released by the National Association for the Education
of Young Children (NAEYC) in 2009. The NAEYC is a US-based professional
organization that works to promote high-quality early learning for all young children
from birth through age 8. The principles espoused by the association has
parallelisms with the discussed principles from a life span perspective. Your task is to
analyze and write the principle which corresponds with the NAEYC principle/s.

Principles of human development Principles of development from a life

according to the (NAEYC, 2009)
1. All areas of development and learning
are important.
2. Learning and development follow
sequences.
3. Development and learning proceed at
varying rates.
4. Development and learning result from
an interaction of maturation and
experience.
5. Early experiences have profound
effects on development and learning.
6. Development proceeds toward greater
complexity, self-regulation, and symbolic
or representational capacities.
7. Children develop best when they have
secure relationships.
8. Development and learning occur in
and are influenced by multiple social and
cultural contexts.
9. Children learn in a variety of ways.
10. Play is an important vehicle for
developing self-regulation and promoting
language, cognition, and social
competence.
11. Development and learning advance
when children are challenged.
span perspective
Early foundations are critical.
Development follows a definite and
predictable pattern.
Development follows a definite and
predictable pattern.
Maturation and learning play important
roles in development.
Early foundations are critical.
Each phase of development has
characteristic pattern of behavior.
Development is aided by stimulation
There are social expectations for every
stage of development.
All individuals are different.
Maturation and learning play important
roles in development.
Development is aided by stimulation.

12. Children’s experiences shape their There are traditional beliefs about people
motivation and approaches to learning. of all ages.
Answers to the following questions:

1. b

2. c

3. a

4. d

5. b
Lesson 2. Stages of Development, Issues and Learner-Centered
Psychological Principles

ACTIVITY

WORD ASSOCIATION

The shift from a teacher-centered to a learner-centered classroom has been

advocated for some time already. Here’s a list of words which you will be asked to
make an association with by giving an experience, a task, or any thought that pops
in your mind whenever you encounter the given word. You can give several words if
you wish to establish the associations you make. Number 1 is given as an example,
but more words can be added as based on your own experience/s.

WORD ASSOCIATION

1. Motivation Praise

2. Assessment Learning

3. Learning Evaluation

4. Metacognition Thinking

5. Classroom environment Element

6. Technology Machine

7. Leaner’s emotional state Influence

8. Teacher’s role Responsibility

9. Parental involvement Participation

10. Individual differences Factors

11. Nature Essence

12. Nurture Development

13. Life span Time

ANALYSIS

As you were doing the word association activity, what thoughts were playing in your
mind? What were your feelings?

1. My thoughts
As I were doing the word association activity, the thoughts that were playing
in my mind are all about the learners or students, how are they able to learn
and what are they going to learn. I think the words are associated to a
learner-centered classroom that has been advocated for some time already.
2. I felt
I felt some excitement. I mean as I think of the word to be associated with
the given word I am smiling from ear to ear. I don’t know why, maybe
because as of now I’m a student. I’m motivated to learn and soon be
teaching the knowledge I’ve learned. I’m happy.

APPLICATION & ASSESSMENT

After reading and understanding the 14 learner-centered psychological principles,

write a one-page essay to capture your insights/reflections how the principles can be
of value to you as a future teacher. Let your ideas flow by writing them down.

The value of the 14 learner-centered principles to me as a pre-service

teacher.

Schools from poor communities often lack access to technology, resort to old-
fashioned teaching techniques and, as consequence, they fail to develop the
valuable skills employers currently seek in their students. Learner-centered
education uses interactive strategies to engage the students and develop their
abilities. This educational approach helps students develop skills such as decision
making and problem solving, teamwork, and presentation skills that are relevant to
the current labor needs. There are many reasons why learner-centered education is
so important.
 First, labor markets need problem solvers. Learner-centered education
empowers the students to take ownership of what they learn by focusing on how the
new knowledge solves a problem or adds value. Instead of simply pouring
information over the child’s mind, the facilitator presents the student with an issue
and guides the class as they build a solution. Students “discover” the new
information and come up with solutions instead of passively waiting for the teacher’s
answers. Current work environments require collaborators willing to innovate and
tackle roadblocks. Thus, developing the skills of exploring problems and making
decisions to solve them is extremely valuable for quick-paced companies where
solutions are needed as soon as possible.

Secondly, labor markets need leaders that can work in multicultural and diverse
environments. Learner-centered education allows the students to interact with their
teams through discussions and group activities. This approach encourages students
to sit in groups for collaboration. By sitting with other peers, students discuss, work
together, learn to deal with others, and many other daily tasks that will eventually
help them become team players. This characteristic is crucial for international work
environments. Teamwork is essential when you are leading a group of people from
different countries stakes towards a common goal.

So, the next reason is that labor markets need employees that can effectively
present results, persuade audiences, and coach others. Learner-centered education
creates opportunities for students to teach each other, answer their peer’s
questions, and present the results of their works. Good employees that are unable to
engage with their audience to communicate strategies will be in great disadvantage.
Furthermore, great work leaders can coach their teams, communicate a vision, and
persuade key stakeholders. If the students develop the skills of public speaking from
a young age, they will have acquired an important asset for their professional lives.

In summary, learner-centered education helps the students develop skills that

will better equip them for their professional careers. Teachers can be trained in this
approach, so they can apply the principles and provide their students with a better
learning experience.
Answers to the following questions:

1. D

2. B

3. D

4. J

5. G

6. C

7. I

8. A

9. F

10. H

11. B

12. E