TFN Coverage

 USPF VMG
 Nursing VMG
Chapter 1

 Nursing Theory
o dynamic and diverse
o assisting the client
o scientific truths and principles
o science and art
 Theory
o organized system of accepted knowledge
o composed of concepts, propositions, definitions, and assumptions
o explain a fact or phenomena
o Chinn and Kramer (1991) – explain the theory’s tentativeness
o Concept – idea or experience perceived
o Proposition – defines the relationship of concepts
o Definition – descriptions to convey meaning
o Assumption – specifies the connection of facts or phenomena
 Nursing Theory
o interrelated concepts developed from various studies of disciplines and experiences
o aims to view the essence of nursing care
o provides direction to nursing care
 Nursing
o providing care for both well and unwell in any setting
o assistance to clients to face death
o educating about health
o awareness and prevention
 Metaparadigm
o show the relationship among theoretical nursing works
o are patterns or models
o Person – recipient of nursing care
o Environment – external and internal aspects that affect the person
o Health – holistic level of wellness
o Nursing – interventions of the nurse attending the client
 Different types of theories
o Descriptive theories (Factor-isolating) – describe the properties of a concept
o Explanatory theories (Factor-relating) – present relationships among concepts that affect
the discipline
o Predictive theories (Situation-relating) – relationships of concepts predict future
outcomes
o Prescriptive theories (Situation-producing) – testing validity and certainty of nursing
intervention
 Characteristics of a theory
o correlate concepts to view certain facts or phenomena differently
o logical in nature
o simple but broad
o source of hypothesis that can be tested and elaborated
o enrich body of knowledge by validating them through studies
o used by practitioners to direct and enhance their practice
o consistent with other theories, laws, and principles while still leaving open unanswered
questions that are testable
 Phenomenon
o empirical data or experiences that are tangible and can be observed
o situation that exists but its cause or explanation is in question
o assessing observable reactions regarding situations
 Florence Nightingale
o Florence, Italy
o May 12, 1820 – August 13, 1910 (London, England)
o Crimean War
o Lady with the Lamp
o provide psychological and external care
o called by God (16) to reduce human suffering
o reduced mortality rate by 2 percent
o Improving the health of the poor and vulnerable
o environmental sanitation
o 1860 – Nightingale Training School for Nurses (St. Thomas Hospital)