UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES FOUNDATION

COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCE

NURSING DEPARTMENT
A.Y 2020-2021
2nd SEMESTER

CARE OF THE MOTHER, CHILD, ADOLESCENT

(ACUTE AND CHRONIC)

NgCM109 LEC

Submitted by:

_Dave Marco B. Billones__

Clinical Instructor:

Mrs. Erlinda M. Guzman ,RN, MAN

 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES FOUNDATION

Vision:
USPF is a 21st century learning environment of global lifelong learners.

Mission:
We commit ourselves to a value-laden quality education that nurtures, ethical,
creative, competent, and socially responsive individuals.

Goal:
Transform USPF into a dynamic high tech-high touch learning organization in keeping
with global standards in education and workplace requirements.

Core Values:

Professionalism: We demonstrate professionalism in our dealings at all times and in

all context.
Integrity: We keep our integrity intact and untarnished.
Excellence: We achieve excellence in the performance of our task.
Social Responsibility: We manifest our social responsibility through active
engagement.
 COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCENCES-NURSING DEPARTMENT

VISION:
21st century nurse practitioners and health care leaders who are globally competent,
innovative, caring and compassionate.

MISSION:
Provides a transformative learning environment for the holistic development global
lifelong learners through outcomes-based BSN curriculum, research and community
programs

Graduate Attributes:
1. Ethical and Humane
2. Globally competent
3. Socially responsive
4. Culturally Sensitive
5. Effective Communicator
6. Critical Thinker
7. Creative and Innovative
8. Team Player
9. Lifelong learner
 NURSE’S PRAYER

Lord make me a vessel of thy blessing, a tool to make the sick well.
Grant me the wisdom that I may make the right decisions in responding to the needs
of my patients.

Grant me the patience that I may consider my path’s reactions as consequences of his
illness and not personally directed to me.

Lighten my path, that I may always carry out my responsibilities according to your
will, That no harm shall be set upon me, my patience and those with whom I work
because of what is lacking on me.

Lord show me how to act in such a way that all I do will be a reflection of love to
others and lastly lord, Grant that I will always remember to use your gift to make this
world more beautiful and meaningful to those who have place in my care.

AMEN.
 Florence Nightingale Pledge

I solemnly pledge myself before God and in the presence of this assembly, to
pass my life in purity and to practice my profession faithfully. I will abstain from
whatever is deleterious and mischievous, and will not take or knowingly
administer any harmful drug. I will do all in my power to maintain and elevate the
standard of my profession, and will hold in confidence all personal matters
committed to my keeping and all family affairs coming to my knowledge in the
practice of my calling. With loyalty will I endeavor to aid the physician in his
work, and devote myself to the welfare of those committed to my care.
 NURSING CARE PLAN

Nursing Diagnosis: Impaired dentition r/t excessive intake of sweets as evidenced by dental
caries

DEFINING SCIENTIFIC EXPECTED NURSING RATIONALE

CHARACTERISTICS BASIS OUTCOME INTERVENTION

Short Term: Independent Independent

Subjective data: Dental caries Within 4 hours .

also known as the father will
tooth decay or learn about Health teaching Enables the
“Ang akong anak cavities, is the dental caries towards the child family, gives
bisag bb pa which most common management, and father about them
is toddler siya non proper dental dental caries knowledge
kusog mo kaon ug communicable hygiene and management and about proper
tam-is like lollipop, disease proper dental dental hygiene. health care.
barnuts basta worldwide. Free intake relative Emphasizing Monitoring
kanang something sugars are the to the cutting down carbohydrate
sweet nya ig matog essential dietary sweets and diet reduces
patient’s
sad sya mag totoy factor in the carbohydrate the buildup of
condition
sa beberon malimot development of intake. plaque and
nako tang tang nya dental caries Dependent the risk of
ma buntagan gkan because dental cavities
ig gabie mao ma caries do not caused by
expose ug taas nga occur in the acids
oras which is di absence of Long term: associated by
maayo pero mo dietary sugars. the
hilak man gud ug di It develops breakdown of
tagaan so kitang when bacteria in After 24 sugar and
ginikanan nga the mouth hours of starch
konsintidor mo metabolize nurse-
hatag nalang sad sugars to patient
tawon” as produce acid interaction
verbalized by the that the father
father. demineralizes Dependent Dependent
will
the hard tissues verbalized
of the teeth that his son Referral
enamel and Refer to dentist ensures
doesn’t cry for further
dentine. more than specialized
assessment and treatment for
usual and treatment
doesn’t patient’s
report any condition
Objective data:
pain or
additional
Presence of Dental dental
caries on upper central caries.
incisors and lower 1
molar.

specific topics
Facial Grimace
Pain scale: 8/10
 NURSING CARE PLAN

Nursing Diagnosis: Ineffective breathing pattern related to tracheo bronchial obstruction

DEFINING SCIENTIFIC BASIS EXPECTED NURSING RATIONALE

CHARACTERISTICS OUTCOME INTERVENTION
Amounts of fluid Short Term: Independent
are drained from
Subjective data: pleural cavity Assess Respiratory rate
Fluid pressure in After 4 hours of respiratory rate and rhythm
Nag lisud kog the pleural nursing and depth by changes are
ginhawa pag mo cavity, atelectasis intervention the listening to lung early warning
higda as is in the affected client will be able sounds signs of
verbalized by the side of the lung to verbalize impending
patient awareness of respiratory
causative factors difficulties
Objective data:

 Dyspnea
Long term: Position client This is for good
After 2days of with proper body lung excursion
 Observed nursing alignment (semi and chest
physical intervention the fowlers position) expansion
discomfort client will be able
 Use of to establish
accessory normal/effective
muscle respiratory
noted pattern AEB
absence of
hypoxia
 Title of the article:

Problematic Social Media Use in Adolescents and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Introduction

Social media plays a big role in teen culture today. Surveys show that ninety percent of teens ages 13-17
have used social media. Seventy five percent report having at least one active social media profile, and 51%
report visiting a social media site at least daily. Two thirds of teens have their own mobile devices with
internet capabilities. On average, teens are online almost nine hours a day, not including time for homework.
There are positive aspects of social media, but also potential risks. It is important for parents to help their
teens use these sites responsibly.

 Potential benefits of social media include: Staying connected to friends

 Meeting new friends with shared interests
 Finding community and support for specific activities Sharing art work or music
 Exploring and expressing themselves
 Potential risks of social media include:
 Exposure to harmful or inappropriate content (e.g., sex, drugs, violence, etc.) Exposure to dangerous
people
 Cyber bullying, a risk factor for depression and suicide Oversharing personal information
 Exposure to excessive advertisements
 Privacy concerns including the collection of data about teen users Identity theft or being hacked
 Interference with sleep, exercise, homework, or family activities.

Teenagers need support and education to develop the skills to manage their social media use. There are
many ways to help your child learn to use social media sites responsibly. It's important to talk with your child
about their social media use and your family rules, including consequences for too much use or inappropriate
use and whether you will be monitoring their online activities.

Consider the following suggestions depending on your child's age and maturity:

Friending or following your child's social media accounts with an agreement about whether you will or won't
post or respond to their posts "No screen" times such as "no screens at the dinner table," "no screens in
bedrooms" after a certain time of day, or "no social media use until homework is done" Ensuring that privacy
settings are turned on to limit access to personal information Instructing teens not to share full names,
addresses, telephone numbers, social security numbers, passwords, and bank or credit card numbers having
location enabled services turned "off"

Exploring apps which limit internet access to age appropriate sites. If you feel your teen is spending too much
time on social media, is upset by what they see, or becomes involved with risky behaviors, talk to your
pediatrician, family doctor, or a trained and qualified mental health professional. They can help you and your
child develop safe and appropriate rules regarding social media use.

Indirect communication

Teens are masters at keeping themselves occupied in the hours after school until way past bedtime. When
they’re not doing their homework (and when they are) they’re online and on their phones, texting, sharing,
trolling, scrolling, you name it. Of course before everyone had an Instagram account teens kept themselves
busy, too, but they were more likely to do their chatting on the phone, or in person when hanging out at the
mall. It may have looked like a lot of aimless hanging around, but what they were doing was experimenting,
trying out skills, and succeeding and failing in tons of tiny real-time interactions that kids today are missing
out on. For one thing, modern teens are learning to do most of their communication while looking at a
screen, not another person.

“As a species we are very highly attuned to reading social cues,” says Catherine Steiner- Adair, EdD, a clinical
psychologist and author of The Big Disconnect. “There’s no question kids are missing out on very critical
social skills. In a way, texting and online communicating—it’s not like it creates a nonverbal learning
disability, but it puts everybody in a nonverbal disabled context, where body language, facial expression, and
even the smallest kinds of vocal reactions are rendered invisible.”
Lowering the risks

Certainly speaking indirectly creates a barrier to clear communication, but that’s not all. Learning how to
make friends is a major part of growing up, and friendship requires a certain amount of risk-taking. This is
true for making a new friend, but it’s also true for maintaining friendships. When there are problems that
need to be faced—big ones or small ones—it takes courage to be honest about your feelings and then hear
what the other person has to say.

Learning to effectively cross these bridges is part of what makes friendship fun and exciting, and also scary.
“Part of healthy self-esteem is knowing how to say what you think and feel

even when you’re in disagreement with other people or it feels emotionally risky,” notes Dr. Steiner-Adair.

But when friendship is conducted online and through texts, kids are doing this in a context stripped of many
of the most personal—and sometimes intimidating—aspects of communication.

It’s easier to keep your guard up when you’re texting, so less is at stake. You aren’t hearing or seeing the
effect that your words are having on the other person. Because the conversation isn’t

happening in real time, each party can take more time to consider a response. No wonder kids say calling
someone on the phone is “too intense”—it requires more direct communication, and if you aren’t used to that
it may well feel scary.

If kids aren’t getting enough practice relating to people and getting their needs met in person and in real
time, many of them will grow up to be adults who are anxious about our species’ primary means of
communication—talking. And of course social negotiations only get riskier as people get older and begin
navigating romantic relationships and employment.

Cyberbullying and the imposter syndrome. The other big danger that comes from kids communicating more
indirectly is that it has gotten easier to be cruel. “Kids text all sorts of things that you would never in a million
years contemplate saying to anyone’s face,” says Donna Wick, EdD, a clinical and developmental
psychologist. She notes that this seems to be especially true of girls, who typically don’t like to disagree with
each other in “real life.”

“You hope to teach them that they can disagree without jeopardizing the relationship, but what social media
is teaching them to do is disagree in ways that are more extreme and do jeopardize the relationship. It’s
exactly what you don’t want to have happen,” she says.

Dr. Steiner-Adair agrees that girls are particularly at risk. “Girls are socialized more to compare themselves to
other people, girls in particular, to develop their identities, so it makes them more vulnerable to the downside
of all this.” She warns that a lack of solid self-esteem is often to blame. “We forget that relational aggression
comes from insecurity and feeling awful about yourself, and wanting to put other people down so you feel
better.”

Peer acceptance is a big thing for adolescents, and many of them care about their image as much as a
politician running for office, and to them it can feel as serious. Add to that the fact that kids today are getting
actual polling data on how much people like them or their appearance via things like “likes.” It’s enough to
turn anyone’s head. Who wouldn’t want to make herself look cooler if she can? So kids can spend hours
pruning their online identities, trying to project an idealized image. Teenage girls sort through hundreds of
photos, agonizing over which ones to post online. Boys compete for attention by trying to out-gross one
other, pushing the envelope as much as they can in the already disinhibited atmosphere online. Kids gang up
on each other.

Adolescents have always been doing this, but with the advent of social media they are faced with more
opportunities—and more traps—than ever before. When kids scroll through their feeds and see how great
everyone seems, it only adds to the pressure. We’re used to worrying about the impractical ideals that
photoshopped magazine models give to our kids, but what happens with the kid next door is photoshopped,
too? Even more confusing, what about when your own profile doesn’t really represent the person that you
feel like you are on the inside?

“Adolescence and the early twenties in particular are the years in which you are acutely aware of the
contrasts between who you appear to be and who you think you are,” says Dr. Wick. “It’s similar to the
‘imposter syndrome’ in psychology. As you get older and acquire more mastery, you begin to realize that you
actually are good at some things, and then you feel that gap hopefully narrow. But imagine having your
deepest darkest fear be that you aren’t as good as you look, and then imagine needing to look that good all
the time! It’s exhausting.”
As Dr. Steiner-Adair explains, “Self-esteem comes from consolidating who you are.” The more identities you
have, and the more time you spend pretending to be someone you aren’t, the harder it’s going to be to feel
good about yourself. Stalking (and being ignored) Another big change that has come with new technology
and especially smart phones is that we are never really alone. Kids update their status, share what they’re
watching, listening to, and reading, and have apps that let their friends know their specific location on a map
at all times. Even if a person isn’t trying to keep his friends updated, he’s still never out of reach of a text
message. The result is that kids feel hyperconnected with each other. The conversation never needs to stop,
and it feels like there’s always something new happening.

“Whatever we think of the ‘relationships’ maintained and in some cases initiated on social media, kids never
get a break from them,” notes Dr. Wick. “And that, in and of itself, can produce anxiety. Everyone needs a
respite from the demands of intimacy and connection; time alone to regroup, replenish and just chill out.
When you don’t have that, it’s easy to become emotionally depleted, fertile ground for anxiety to breed.”

It’s also surprisingly easy to feel lonely in the middle of all that hyperconnection. For one thing, kids now
know with depressing certainty when they’re being ignored. We all have phones and we all respond to things
pretty quickly, so when you’re waiting for a response that doesn’t come, the silence can be deafening. The
silent treatment might be a strategic insult or just the unfortunate side effect of an online adolescent
relationship that starts out intensely but then fades away.

“In the old days when a boy was going to break up with you, he had to have a conversation with you. Or at
least he had to call,” says Dr. Wick. “These days he might just disappear from your screen, and you never get
to have the ‘What did I do?’ conversation.” Kids are often left imagining the worst about themselves.

But even when the conversation doesn’t end, being in a constant state of waiting can still provoke anxiety.
We can feel ourselves being put on the back burner, we put others back there, and our very human need to
communicate is effectively delegated there, too.

What should parents do?

Both experts interviewed for this article agreed that the best thing parents can do to minimize the risks
associated with technology is to curtail their own consumption first. It’s up to parents to set a good example
of what healthy computer usage looks like. Most of us check our phones or our email too much, out of either
real interest or nervous habit. Kids should be used to seeing our faces, not our heads bent over a screen.
Establish technology-free zones in the house and technology-free hours when no one uses the phone,
including mom and dad.

“Don’t walk in the door after work in the middle of a conversation,” Dr. Steiner-Adair advises. “Don’t walk in
the door after work, say ‘hi’ quickly, and then ‘just check your

email.’ In the morning, get up a half hour earlier than your kids and check your email then. Give them your
full attention until they’re out the door. And neither of you should be using phones in the car to or from
school because that’s an important time to talk.”

Not only does limiting the amount of time you spend plugged in to computers provide a healthy counterpoint
to the tech-obsessed world, it also strengthens the parent-child bond and makes kids feel more secure. Kids
need to know that you are available to help them with their problems, talk about their day, or give them a
reality check.

“It is the mini-moments of disconnection, when parents are too focused on their own devices and screens,
that dilute the parent-child relationship,” Dr. Steiner-Adair warns. And when kids start turning to the Internet
for help or to process whatever happened during the day, you might not like what happens. “Tech can give
your children more information that you can, and it doesn’t have your values,” notes Dr. Steiner-Adair. “It
won’t be sensitive to your child’s personality, and it won’t answer his question in a developmentally
appropriate way.”

In addition Dr. Wick advises delaying the age of first use as much as possible. “I use the same advice here
that I use when talking about kids and alcohol—try to get as far as you can without anything at all.” If your
child is on Facebook, Dr. Wick says that you should be your child’s friend and monitor her page. But she
advises against going through text messages unless there is cause for concern. “If you have a reason to be
worried then okay, but it better be a good reason. I see parents who are just plain old spying on their kids.
Parents should begin by trusting their children. To not even give your kid the benefit of the doubt is
incredibly damaging to the relationship. You have to feel like your parents think you’re a good kid.”
Offline, the gold standard advice for helping kids build healthy self-esteem is to get them involved in
something that they’re interested in. It could be sports or music or taking apart computers or volunteering—
anything that sparks an interest and gives them confidence.

When kids learn to feel good about what they can do instead of how they look and what they own, they’re
happier and better prepared for success in real life. That most of these activities also involve spending time
interacting with peers face-to-face is just the icing on the cake.

SUMMATIVE ANALYSIS

Social media is a very real challenge for young adolescents. It may have a positive impact but it also
has its negative impact on them specifically on their mental health. Undoubtedly, social media plays a vital role
in developing their social connections and helping them learn valuable technical skill but they often have
difficulty self-regulating their screen time, their risks can increase with the more time they spend. They’re
mental and social wellbeing is greatly affected. They become more prone to peer pressure, cyberbullying and
worst is substance abuse. The most common mental health issues that young adolescents experience from too
much social media use are depression, anxiety, communication issues and stress. Based on the article,
Researchers are just beginning to establish a link between depression and social media. While they have not
actually discovered a cause-and-effect relationship between social media and depression, they have discovered
that social media use can be associated with an intensification of the symptoms of depression, including a
decrease in social activity and an increase in loneliness. In Anxiety, The adolescents feel emotionally invested
in their social media accounts. Not only do they feel pressure to respond quickly online, but they also feel
pressure to have perfect photos and well- written posts, all of which can cause a great deal of anxiety. In fact,
some studies have found that the larger a teen's social circle online the more anxiety they feel about keeping
up with everything online. Because of what they see online, they follow what they and it leads them to
experience excessive drinking of alcohol and other drugs that they might use and abuse. Research on social
media and adolescent mental health has grown in recent years, with many studies exploring whether more
frequent use of social media is associated with various mental health concerns. In general, findings from these
studies have been mixed, with many revealing a small but significant negative effect of social media use on
mental health.

A growing body of work now seeks to build on these studies with more investigations of how, why,
and for whom social media use may have positive or negative effects on youth development. Social media
comprises a vast array of digital tools, and thus characterizing its overall effect on youth remains challenging.
First, it is important to understand individual strengths and hints that may predispose certain adolescents to
engage with and respond to social media in adaptive or maladaptive ways. In addition, it is critical to identify
how specific social media behaviors or experiences may put adolescents at risk. Social comparison may be
another risk associated with adolescents' social media use. Individuals frequently engage in selective self-
presentation on social media, resulting in a stream of posts and images that are often carefully crafted to
portray users in a positive light. This may lead some youth to engage in negative social comparisons regarding
their own accomplishments, abilities, or appearance. Studies have shown that higher levels of online social
comparison are associated with depressive symptoms in youth, and that appearance-specific comparisons on
social media may heighten risk for disordered eating and body image concerns.

There are ways in promoting safety through the use of social media such as engaging families to a
family media use plan. It's also important for families to have regular discussions on how to use social media
responsibly and safely. When families navigate the world of social media together, a teen's online world
becomes much more manageable. This is created to be done as an activity involving a parent and adolescent.
Going to a computer shop, internet providers need to work with policy makers to create awareness for privacy
protection and to develop technologies that can help in staying safe. As parents, these are the things they can
do to help their teenagers foster a healthy relationship with social media. First, they will restrict access or set
a time limit, monitor their gadgets all the time and Communicate openly about expectations around social
media. For example, discuss the impact of cyberbullying, and encourage teens to never say something online
that they wouldn't say in person.
 I have realized that as a student nurse, my responsibility is to conduct health teaching about this
topic. This is to promote awareness and prevent possible negative situations that a young adolescent might
experience. The parents must provide a lot of opportunities to practice social skills by molding there social
skills. The key to helping teens learn to balance social media with real life friendships is to keep the lines of
communication open and keep talking. Honest communication shows these young adolescents that a parent,
guardian or any one he/she trusts are there to support, not to judge or lecture. Social media definitely helps
us in our daily lives, but both parents and children should understand that social media should be used as a
learning tool, to connect anytime with our loved ones, build relationships and most importantly, not replace
interactions in the real world.

REFERENCE:

https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF- Guide/Social-Media-and-Teens-
100.aspxhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.202001949/full
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 I have learned a lot during this Subject even though it has to be done online and
for me it was very difficult to find a newborn patient and also a mother because
through virtually itis really hard unlike face to face because we do handle real patients
in the area. But also Iam thankful for the wonderful effort of our C.I Thank you so
much Mrs. Erlinda Mercado Guzman for the knowledge and skills you’ve taught us to
become competent nurses in the future.