NAME : class : /20

WRITTEN TEST

Environmental Issues

The environment plays a significant role to support life on earth. But there are some issues that are causing
damages to life and the ecosystem of the earth. It is related to the not only environment but with everyone
that lives on the planet. Besides, its main source is pollution, global warming, greenhouse gas, and many
others. The everyday activities of human are constantly degrading the quality of the environment which
ultimately results in the loss of survival condition from the earth.

Source of Environment Issue

There are hundreds of issue that causing damage to the environment. But in this, we are going to discuss the
main causes of environmental issues because they are very dangerous to life and the ecosystem.

Pollution – It is one of the main causes of an environmental issue because it poisons the air, water, soil, and
noise. As we know that in the past few decades the numbers of industries have rapidly increased. Moreover,
these industries discharge their untreated waste into the water bodies, on soil, and in air. Most of these
wastes contain harmful and poisonous materials that spread very easily because of the movement of water
bodies and wind.

Greenhouse Gases – These are the gases which are responsible for the increase in the temperature of the
earth surface. This gases directly relates to air pollution because of the pollution produced by the vehicle and
factories which contains a toxic chemical that harms the life and environment of earth.

Climate Changes – Due to environmental issue the climate is changing rapidly and things like smog, acid rains
are getting common. Also, the number of natural calamities is also increasing and almost every year there is
flood, famine, drought, landslides, earthquakes, and many more calamities are increasing.

Above all, human being and their greed for more is the ultimate cause of all the environmental issue.

How to Minimize Environment Issue?

Now we know the major issues which are causing damage to the environment. So, now we can discuss the
ways by which we can save our environment. For doing so we have to take some measures that will help us in
fighting environmental issues.

Moreover, these issues will not only save the environment but also save the life and ecosystem of the planet.
Some of the ways of minimizing environmental threat are discussed below:

Reforestation – It will not only help in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem but also help in restoring the
natural cycles that work with it. Also, it will help in recharge of groundwater, maintaining the monsoon cycle,
decreasing the number of carbons from the air, and many more.
The 3 R’s principle – For contributing to the environment one should have to use the 3 R’s principle that is
Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. Moreover, it helps the environment in a lot of ways.

“To conclude, we can say that humans are a major source of environmental issues. Likewise, our activities are
the major reason that the level of harmful gases and pollutants have increased in the environment. But now
the humans have taken this problem seriously and now working to eradicate it. Above all, if all humans
contribute equally to the environment then this issue can be fight backed. The natural balance can once again
be restored.”

Q.1 Name the major environmental issues into French

Q.2 What is the cause of environmental change into French

Q.3 What do Greenhouse gases stand for ? french

Q.4 Translate into French the last paragraph

VOCABULARY

. Quels sont les métiers liés à l'environnement et l'écologie ?

 Environmental biologist : biologiste en environnement
 Environmental consultant / adviser : conseiller en environnement
 Environmental Engineer : ingénieur en environnement
 R&D Engineer in renewable energies : ingénieur en R&D en énergies renouvelables
 Ecologist : Écologiste
 Environmentalist : Environnementaliste
 The Environmental Protection Agency : l'Agence pour la protection de l'environnement
 Ministry of the environment : Ministère de l'environnement
 Heating engineer : Technicien thermicien
 Gamekeeper / Game warden : garde chasse / pêche
 Meteorologist : Météorologiste / Météorologue
 Nature guide : animateur nature
 A scientist : un scientifique
 A wildlife specialist : un spécialiste de la vie des animaux sauvages
 A zoologist : un zoologiste
Lorsque nous travaillons dans le domaine de l'environnement, de qui parle-t'on ?
 An advocate for the environment : un défenseur de l'environnement
 A climate change sceptic : une personne sceptique vis-à-vis du changement climatique
 An expert : un expert
 Hard-core environmentalists : écologistes inconditionnels
 A poacher : un braconnier
  A staunch opponent : un adversaire acharné
LE VOCABULAIRE DE L'ÉCOLOGIE ET DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT

De quoi allez-vous parler, si on vous demande vos résultats de recherche ? Voici les mots à retenir pour tenir
une conversation.

 Antartic : l'Antartique
 Arctic : l'Arctique
 Animal species : espèces animales
 Atmosphere : l'atmosphère
 Carbon dioxyde : gaz carbonique
 Chemicals : Produits chimiques
 Crop : récolte
 Ecosystem : écosystème
 Environment : environnement
 Environmental policy : politique écologique
 Fauna : faune
 Fertilizers : engrais
 Flora : flore
 Fossil energy : l'énergie fossile
 Fuel : carburant
 Gas : gaz
 Greenhouse gas : gaz à effet de serre
 Global warming : le réchauffement climatique
 Hydraulic power plant : centrale hydraulique
 Rubbish / trash : déchets
 Nuclear power : énergie nucléaire
 Nuclear waste : déchets nucléaires
 Ocean : océan
 Ocean bed : fonds marins
 Oil : pétrole
 Ozone layer : couche d'Ozone
 Pesticide : pesticide
 Rainforest : forêts équatoriales
 Shortage : pénurie
 Soil : sol
 Summit : sommet
 Survey : étude
 Sustainable : durable
 Unhealthy : malsain
 Waste : déchets
 Water: eau
 Wood : bois
 Wildlife : les animaux sauvages
PROTECTION DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT

Comment parler de ce qui est nuisible à l'environnement si on ne connaît pas les termes principaux
 Biodegradable : Biodégradable
 Bio-fuel : Biocarburant
 Carbon dioxide emissions : émissions de dioxyde de carbone
 Carbon footprint : l'empreinte carbone
  Clean energy : énergie propre
 Coal : charbon
 Ecological disaster : catastrophe écologique
 Eco-friendly : écologique
 Endangered species : espèce en voie de disparition
 Environmental issues : problèmes liés à l'environnement
 Extinct species : espèce disparue
 GMO : OGM
 Green /ecological : écologique
 Household waste : déchets ménagers
 Kyoto protocol : protocole de Kyoto
 Natural conservation : préservation de la nature
 NGO : ONG
 Organic : biologique
 Organic farming : agriculture biologique
 Pollutant : un produit polluant
 Preservation : la sauvegarde
 Recyclable : recyclable
 Recycling : recyglage
 Renewable : renouvelable
 Solar energy : énergie solaire
 Wind energy : énergie éolienne

LES CATASTROPHES NATURELLES ET METEOROLOGIE

Quelles sont les conséquences environnementales du réchauffement climatique ?

 Acid rain : pluie acide
 Black tide / Oil spill : la marée noire
 Blizzard : tempête de neige
 Deforestation : déforestation
 Drought : la sécheresse
 Earthquake : le tremblement de terre
 Ecological disaster : catastrophe écologique
 Flood : innondation
 Heatwave : vague de chaleur
 Hurricane : ouragan
 Mudslide : écoulement de boue
 Natural disaster : une catastrophe naturelle
 Smog : brouillard de pollution
 The rise of sea level : la hausse du niveau de la mer
 Tidal wave : raz-de-marée
 Tornado : tornade
 Typhoon : typhon

QUELQUES VERBES A RETENIR

Pour finir, voici quelques verbes qui vont vous aider à parler de l'environnement et d'écologie en anglais.
 To be harmful : être nuisible
 To change : changer
 To claim : réclamer
 To damage : endommager
 To destroy : détruire
 To endanger : mettre en danger
 To fear : craindre
 To improve : améliorer
 To pollute : polluer
 To protect : protéger
 To recycle : recycler
 To reuse : réutiliser
 To rise : monter
 To save : sauver, économiser
 To scare : effrayer
 To solve the issue : résoudre le problème
 To sort : trier
 To take care of : s'occuper de
 To threaten : menacer
 To turn off : éteindre
 To turn on : allumer
 To waste : gaspiller