Task 3 - The nature of grammar

Cristian Quintero

Ingrid Jahaira Valarezo Rincón

1006189090

518017A_1144

Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD

Escuela de Ciencias de la Educación

Licenciatura en lenguas Extranjeras con enfasis en Ingles

Palmira- valle 2022

 Answers from Step 2

- Analysis:

- Identify all the parts of speech used in the following sentence

“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not
be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.” Martin Luther
King.

I: Have: A: Dream:
First-person pronoun Verb An article Is a verb and a noun,
in this sentence it
works as a noun.
That: My: Four: Little:
An adjective and a First-person Represents a Qualifying adjective
demonstrative pronoun possessive adjective cardinal number in
the sentence
Children: Will: One: Day:
Is a noun Modal verb A number (can be Is a noun
indicating future used as a pronoun)
Live: In: A: Nation:
Verb Is a preposition An article Is a noun
Where: They: Will: Not:
Interrogative or Third-person Modal verb Is an adverb (makes a
exclamatory adverb of personal pronoun indicating future phrase or sentence
place negative)
Be: Judged: By: The:
Verb Verb Is a preposition An article
Color: Of: Their: Skin:
Is a noun Is a preposition Third-person Is a noun
possessive
pronoun
But: By: The: Content:
Can be used as a Is a preposition An article Is a noun
preposition of manner, but
also as conjunction and as
an adverb
Of: Their: Character:
Is a preposition Third-person Is a noun
possessive pronoun
 - What is the difference between grammatical gender and natural
gender?

Difference between natural and grammatical gender

The grammatical general is presented by all the nouns of a language, this gender usually
distinguishes the words that are used between masculine and feminine. Grammatical
genders are morphemes that characterize words (or nouns) and related words: articles,
adjectives and some pronouns. It is contained in the denominator (or inflection) added to
the lexeme (or root) so that the word corresponds to the effect. As for natural gender, this
is equivalent to sex, therefore, only sexual beings present it.

So, the big difference between these genders is that grammatical gender is not based on
biological sex but on the class to which the noun belongs, as for natural gender, it is based
on biological sex.

Examples:

natural gender:

the man-the woman

the girl- the boy

the horse-the mare

the cow- the bull

grammatical gender:

masculine: rivers, winds, months. endings in us- er- or

feminine: cities, countries, plants, trees. endings in a-as-do-io

Neuter: endings in um- men- e- al- ar

- Write the reasons each sentence is Grammatically correct or incorrect in the following
sentences:

(1) I saw the white house. (Grammatically correct)

The sentence "I saw the white house" is grammatically correct because, according to the
grammatical structure of the simple past with the verb to be (subject + was / were +
complement), it complies with the order perfectly, which makes the sentence make sense
in what it wants to express.

(2) I saw the house white. (Grammatically incorrect)

the sentence "I saw the house white" is grammatically incorrect since the intention is to
make an objective description since it is limited to describing what is seen and when we do
this type of description we can always use the descriptive adjectives (white) before the
nouns (house).

(3) I painted the house white. (Grammatically correct)

the sentence "I painted the house white" is grammatically correct since it follows the
grammatical order of the simple past (subject + past simple (verb +ed) + complement)
that's why it's possible to understand the intention of the sentence which is to tell an event
that took place in the past.

Why is (3) grammatical while (2) is not, given that both end on the same sequence of
house white?

Since the sentence "I painted the house white" alludes to an action and the sentence "I
saw the house white" tries to be objective in trying to describe what was seen, the
grammatical contexts change entirely, sentence 3 is in simple past and demonstrates an
action where it focuses on the color (white) with which the house was painted turning it
into a noun, instead in sentence 2 it’s intended to describe what was seen, so the color
white works as a descriptive adjective, that is why the grammatical order is different for
each sentence.
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 References
Yule, G. (2010). The Study of Language. Cambridge University
Press. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1B6-CuF71YxHs9DOgbe0HIuiiM17lPQzd/view