Практичні завдання для самостійного опрацювання

(друга частина)
Self-study section №2: Blood (Part II).
1. Choose the letter of the item that correctly completes each of the following
statements.

1. Which of the following characteristics applies to the red blood cell?

a) It has the shape of a biconcave disk.
2. All the following are the functions of the blood except:
a) it coordinates all activities of the body cells.

3. When red blood cells are placed in solution that contains no salt, the red blood
cells:
d) lose their nucleus and cytoplasm

4. The primary function of the white blood cells in the body is in:
c) excretion of waste products;

5. All the following are the characteristics of the blood except:

a) its pH varies between 6.2 and 6.7;

6. Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen are three of the:

d) proteins present in the blood.

7. Bilirubin is a bile pigment formed from the breakdown of:

8. haemoglobin;
9. Approximately 6 to 8 % of white blood cells consist of phagocytic cells
known as: d) monocytes.

2. Rearrange the word order in the following lines to form sentences.

1. The adult body contains approximately 5 litres of human blood.

2. Red blood cells deliver oxegen from the lungs to organs and tissues.
3. Blood is a mixture of two components:plasma and cells.
4. Two types of blood vessels carry our blood throughout bodies: arteries and
veins.
5. The heart pumps blood through the veins,arteries and capillaries.
6. Each units in the US approximately 12 million donated blood of year.
7. Arteries carry of the rest oxygenated blood fromm the heart to the body
8. Red blood cells are slightly flattend idented disks.
9. Platelets are oval-shaped cells produced in marrow bone.
10. White bood cells are a part of immune system.

3. Put questions to the words underlined.

1. Who keeps the blood healthy?

2. What is a disease of symptom consistently high number of white blood cells ?
3. What do help you maintain healthy red blood cells?
4. What can be caused by illnesses or a lack of iron or vitamins in the diet?
5. What does a single drop of blood contain ?
6. What does haemoglobin contain that make it an excellent vehicle for
transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide?
7. What is the average life cycle of a red blood cell ?
8. What is continually on the lookout for signs of disease?
9. What is Haemoglobin?
10. Who helps the platelets form a clot?
11. When does the brain cannot function normally?
12. Who is responsible for nourishing and cleansing the body?

4. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate articles (a, an, the, - ).

In insects, the blood (more properly called haemolymph) is not involved

in a transport of oxygen. Openings called tracheae allow oxygen from the air
to diffuse directly to the tissues. Insect blood moves nutrients to the tissues and
removes waste products in the open system.
Other invertebrates use respiratory proteins to increase the oxygen-carrying
capacity. Haemoglobin is the most common respiratory protein found in the
nature. Haemocyanin contains copper and is found in crustaceans and mollusks. It
is thought that tunicates (sea squirts) might use vanabins (proteins containing
vanadium) for respiratory pigment (bright green, blue, or orange).
In many invertebrates, these oxygen-carrying proteins are freely soluble
in the blood; in the vertebrates, they are contained in specialized red blood
cells, allowing for a higher concentration of respiratory pigments without
increasing viscosity or damaging blood-filtering organs like kidneys.
Giant tubeworms have unusual haemoglobins that allow them to live in
extraordinary environments. These haemoglobins also carry sulfides normally
fatal in other animals.

5. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Thrombocytes-are bood cells, that help to heal wounds, going around the cut
and producing substances, which stop the bleeding and form a clot.
2. The blood-is a liquid,which circulates through the heart, arteries , capillaries
and veins, carries nutrients and oxygen to the body cells.
3. Approximate time of erythrocytes life human blood -120 .Old erythrocytes
enter the liver,where destruction process takes place..
4. Blood plasma is a liquid part, which is consist of proteins dissolved in water,
carbohydrates, soles, biologically active substances, and also of products of
dissimilation.
5. In all vertebrates the blood has more often red colour, which it is bound to
haemoglobin, which is in the erythrocytes.
6. The blood provides oxygen, nutrients, hormons to bodies tissues and supplies
metabolism products to the organs of their secretion.
7. Thrombocytes-are bood cells, that help to heal wounds, going around the cut
and producing substances, which stop the bleeding and form a clot.
8. Haemoglobin- red, respiratory, iron-containing pigment of erythrocytes.
9. The blood perfoms a protective function. Toxic substances or germs can get
into the organism. They are exposed to destruction of certain blood cells.
6. Answer the following questions.

1. What is blood? Speak on its composition.

The blood-is a liquid,which circulates through the heart, arteries , capillaries
and veins, carries nutrients and oxygen to the body cells.It contains about 92%
water,7% protein and 1% ions.

2. Which functions does blood perform?

Blood perform supplying oxygen to cells and tissues;providing essential
nutrients to cells,such as amino acids and glucose;removing waste
materials;transporting hormones;regulating acidity.
3. How much blood does an average person have?
5 liters
4. What is the function of erythrocytes?
The main function of erythrocytes is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the
body tissues and carbon dioxide as a waste product, away from the tissues and
back to the lungs.
5. Describe the classification of the white blood cells.
 White blood cells are divided into the five main types: neutrophils, eosinophils
(acidophiles), basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes.
6. What does plasma contain?
92% water,8% proteins, glucose, clotting factors, electrolytes, hormones,
carbon dioxide
7. How does blood circulate throughout the body?
Blood from the heart is pumped throughout the body using blood vessels.
Arteries carry blood away from the heart and into capillaries, providing oxygen
(and other nutrients) to tissue and cells. Once oxygen is removed, the blood
travels back to the lungs, where it is reoxygenated and returned by veins to the
heart.

Орієнтовні завдання до підготовки до підсумкової контрольної

роботи

7. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive Voice.

1) A patient is given instructions during examination of the motor system.

2)The most common signs of disease before the operation had been seen by the
surgeons.
3) Males are affected more frequently by the cancer of stomach.
4) The entire body is usually treated by a general practitioner
5We are provided with natural drugs by the medical plants.
6) Different natural and artificial matters will be studied by students next
semester.

8. Put the questions starting with the word from the brackets

1. What will scientist change?

2. Who is investigating substances that make up living things?
3. When did the development of medicine begin ?
4. How long have they been cleaning the laboratory equipment?
5.What is quantitative analysis indicate ?