IMPACT OF

CLIMATE CHANGE
ON HUMANS
BY GAUTAM TAK KAR
CLASS X
 WHAT EXACTLY IS THIS ISSUE ?

Climate change is a change in the usual weather found in a place. This could
be a change in how much rain a place usually gets in a year.
Climate change has a great impact on the Earth's geological, biological and
ecological systems. These changes have led to the emergence of
environmental hazards to human health, such as extreme weather, ozone
depletion, increased danger of Wildland fires, loss of biodiversity, stresses to
food-producing systems and the global spread of infectious diseases.
Numerous Environmentalists came up with the clinical study and suggested
that the current and future impacts of climate change on human society are
and will continue to be devastatingly worsen with time, if not timely controlled.
 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON HUMANS
• 1. Certain groups have higher chance to get climate-sensitive health
impacts owing to their age (children and elderly), gender
(particularly pregnant women), social marginalization (associated in
some areas with indigenous populations, poverty or migration
status), or other health conditions like HIV. The socioeconomic costs
of health problems caused by climate change are considerable.
• 2. Many infectious diseases, including water-borne ones, are highly
sensitive to climate conditions. Figure 1 illustrates the correlation
between temperature and diarrhea. A main concern in both
developed and developing countries was the increase in and
increased geographical spread of diarrhoeal diseases, the report
found.
●
CLIMATE CHANGE WOULD GENERATE MANY NEW HEALTH ISSUES,
INFECTIONS ETC. WHICH WE WOULD NOT REALLY HAVE A CURE FOR.
●
IT WOULD LEAD TO A DRASTIC INCREASE IN FAMINES, FOOD SCARCITY,
MALNUTRITION ETC. DUE TO LOW YEILD WHICH WOULD BE FURTHER DUE
TO UNPREDICTABLE, LOW SOIL FERTILITY ETC. WHICH WOULD ALL BE
CAUSED BY CLIMATE CHANGE
●
THESE ABOVE WERE SOME OF THE POINTS LISTED BY UN IN ONE OF ITS
REPORTS, NOW LET’S SEE SOME OF IT’S FURTHER EFFECTS WHICH
WOULD BE ELABORATED TO UNDERSTAND A LITTLE.
 The emission of greenhouse gasses like Carbon dioxide is the main cause of climate change because any factor
that causes a sustained change to the amount of incoming energy or the amount of outgoing energy can lead
to climate change. The following factors which are discussed below are affected by the climate change.

1. Health
The health of human has always been an influence of climate and weather because climate
change and climate variability affect the environment that provide us with clean air, food,
water, shelter, and security. The report of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of
Health points out that disadvantaged communities are likely to shoulder a disproportionate
share of the burden of climate change because of their increased exposure and vulnerability
to health threats such as:

(a) Changes in the climate affect the air we breathe both indoors and outdoors. Warmer
temperatures and shifting weather patterns can worsen air quality, which can lead to asthma
attacks and other respiratory and cardiovascular health effects.

(b) Individuals with mental illness are especially vulnerable to extreme heat; studies have
found that having a pre-existing mental illness tripled the risk of death during heat waves.
2. Environment
Atmospheric temperature increases due to greenhouse effect. Plants and animals are
affected due to rise in temperature because plants and animals cannot sustain even a
slight increase of temperature and they get extinct. Crop production will be affected due to
increase in atmospheric temperature because the efficiency of water use and
photosynthesis will decrease. People will face a shortage of food due to less production of
crops.

Heat also causes expansion of the volume of water because of rise of temperature, ice cap
of the polar region and hill top starts melting and then water from melted ice will flow to the
sea and raise the sea level. As a result, coastal area will be inundated and many villages,
township and cities will be under water.

3) Migration
Climate change has also impacted on the migration and displacement of the people
because the increased number and severity of weather-related disasters which destroy
homes and habitats causing people to seek shelter or livelihoods elsewhere. Effects of
climate change such as desertification and rising sea levels gradually erode livelihood and
force communities to abandon traditional homelands for more accommodating
environments.
For example, in the United States, from 2005 to 2015, the median annual number of flood
days more than doubled on the East Coast between Florida and North Carolina, thanks in
part to rising sea levels.
●
4)Food
●
The same CO2 accumulating in our atmosphere
thanks to fossil fuels is actually changing the
composition of fruits and vegetables that we eat,
making them less nutritious. Extra CO2 is
speeding up photosynthesis and causing plants
to grow with more sugar and less calcium,
protein, zinc, and important vitamins.
●
According to Harvard researchers, if we don’t
reduce carbon emissions right now, this could
spell big problem for our diets. By the middle of
the century about 175 million more people could
develop a zinc deficiency and 122 million people
could become protein deficient as a result of
these changes to plant physiology.
●
This really shows the effects this has on Mankind,
and the amount of severity it really has.
SUMMING UP THE MAJOR CHANGES CLIMATE CHANGE WILL HAVE ON HUMANITY IN DIFFERENT
ASPECTS:

●
Climate change impacts our health, environment, and economy. For example:
●
Warmer temperatures increase the frequency, intensity, and duration of heat waves,
which can pose health risks, particularly for young children and the elderly.
●
Climate change can also impact human health by worsening air and water quality,
increasing the spread of certain diseases, and altering the frequency or intensity of
extreme weather events.
●
Rising sea level threatens coastal communities and ecosystems.
Changes in the patterns and amount of rainfall, as well as changes in the timing and
amount of stream flow, can affect water supplies and water quality and the production
of hydroelectricity.
●
Changing ecosystems influence geographic ranges of many plant and animal
species and the timing of their lifecycle events, such as migration and reproduction.
●
Increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as heat
waves, droughts, and floods, can increase losses to property, cause costly
disruptions to society, and reduce the affordability of insurance.
SOME THINGS WE CAN DO AGAINST IT , DOING OUR BITS :
1)Millions of people drive to work every day. It is simply unavoidable in our modern-day society. However, the downside to this is that
millions of cars emit greenhouse gases that destroy our atmosphere. Vehicle emissions are a close second when it comes to the top
causes of climate change. There are always other options that you can utilize to make your commute to work eco-friendly. For
starters, taking public transportation to work is a great way to cut out emissions. Riding your bike to work is also incredibly helpful to
the environment and is a great method to get exercise.

2. Be More Conservative with Energy Usage

Becoming more energy efficient is a great way to prevent pollution. It causes the power plants to expend less energy that can lead to
the production of greenhouse gasses. This means that you should do what you can to cut down on energy usage in your household.
Make sure to turn off lights and unplug devices that you are not using anymore when you are done with them. Replace your light
bulbs with energy-efficient light bulbs to help you save electricity too.

3. Get Active and Vote

One of the best ways to improve climate change to is to help those who will fight against it get into office. This means voting for
legislation and politicians that aid against the detrimental effects of climate change. Voting the right people into office will help pass
legislation that allows us to fight against these corporations that are mainly to blame for climate change.

4. Recycle
Manufacturing plants emit a large number of greenhouse gasses per year. It is unavoidable in the production of goods that we use on
a regular basis. However, a cleaner alternative would be to invest in recycling. Recycling is a cost-effective and eco-friendly process
that eliminates waste and doesn’t emit greenhouse gasses into the environment. Be sure to collect your discarded paper, glass,
plastic, and electronics to your local recycling center. The professionals will take these items to a processing plant where they will be
remade into other recyclable materials again.

5. Educate Yourself and Others

The importance of educating others about climate change cannot be overstated in our modern society. There are many platforms for
us to utilize that can allow us to spread our message easily. Whether you use word of mouth or social media, there are always ways
to educate others on what climate change is doing to our planet. You can help protect the planet by educating others about the
dangers of climate change and how to act against it.

6. Encourage the use of renewable energies

By informing others about how renewable energy is better than utilizing fossil fuels, you will sway others into investing in the idea.
TO FIGHT AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE MANY
OTHER ISSUES SUCH AS POVERTY,
MALNUTRITION ETC. THE UN/UNITED NATIONS
HAD FORMED THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS TO FIGHT AGAINST
THESE ISSUES FOR THE BETTERMENT OF
HUMANITY.

THE GOVERNMENT ALSO HAS TAKEN MANY

STEPS SUCH AS INTRODUCING NEW LAWS,
SWITCHING TO RENEWABLE SOURCES AND
MAKING IT MANDATORY IN THE INDUSTRIES, SO
AS TO REDUCE THE GREENHOUSE EMISSIONS
WHICH WOULD THEN DIRECTLY REDUCE
CLIMATE CHANGE.
SO WHAT EXACTLY
IS THIS SDG ? 
• SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
MEANS THAT DEVELOPMENT
SHOULD TAKE PLACE
WITHOUT DAMAGING THE
ENVIRONMENT, AND THAT
THE DEVELOPMENT TAKING
PLACE TODAY SHOULD NOT
COMPROMISE WITH THE
NEEDS FOR THE FUTURE
GENERATIONS, AND TO
MAINTAIN A ECOLOGICAL
BALANCE. 
 • Why do we need the SDGs?
• The world has changed dramatically in the last two decades but there are four shifts that are particularly serious. Firstly, we are closer than ever to
eradicating extreme poverty. Secondly, human societies are causing more damage than ever to the planet and the environment. Thirdly, inequality among
and between countries is increasing. Finally, governance is becoming more complex, especially with the growing influence of technology (SDSN, Action
Agenda Report 2014). Here are the facts:
• Today, more than 1 billion people live in extreme poverty (less than $1.25 a day).
• Today, 8 men have as much wealth as the bottom 3.5 billion poorest people (half the world population).
• In 2017, more than 750 million people went to bed hungry every night and at the same time, there are approximately 2 billion people that are overweight or
obese.
• In 2017, more than 6 million children died before their 5th birthday because of preventable diseases. That’s more than 15,000 deaths each day.
• Today, about 263 million children and youth are out of school, including 61 million children of primary school age.
• Currently, 49 countries have no laws specifically protecting women from domestic violence.
• In 2012 a least 1.8 billion people were exposed to drinking water that was contaminated.
• Today, more than a billion people don’t have access to electricity.
• The number of people living in slums and shanty towns is now estimated at 863 million, in contrast to 760 million in 2000 and 650 million in 1990.
• In 2017, youth were almost three times more likely than adults to be unemployed (12.8%).
• The number of deaths from natural disasters continues to rise. From 1990 to 2015, more than 1.6 million people died in internationally reported natural
disasters.
• Each year, the world generates roughly 1.3 billion tons of waste, but that’s expected to soar to 4 billion tons by 2100. In the United State alone, about $200
billion a year is spent on solid waste management.
• Tens of thousands of species – including 25% of all mammals and 13% of birds – are now threatened with extinction. This is because of hunting, poaching,
pollution, loss of habitat, the arrival of invasive species, and other human-caused problems.
      Today’s problems will escalate quickly and dangerously if we do not urgently and radically change course. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) give us
a plan to fight these challenges.
• The ecological problems caused by human economic activity are
worsening and affecting the whole world . Climate change, ozone-layer
depletion, and loss of forest cover are important examples. At the same
time, social conditions continue to worsen in many developing countries.
It is estimated that more than 1 billion people now live in poverty without
sufficient food, less  educational opportunities, less of employment. This
issues are still very difficult to resolve as these people are not even able to
earn above or at par with the poverty line, showing the severity of this
issue.
• The key aim for the 21st century is “sustainable development,” which was
introduced  at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and
Development. It means that resources should be used at the appropriate
pace at which they can regenerate themselves (for ex: soil, river, forests
etc.).One must keep in mind that sustainable production and
consumption involve not merely technical progress, but  controlling
individual consumption and carbon footprints is very important.
•  Science must play an important role for the achievement  of sustainable •How we can contribute
development, especially in some of the following categories: 
towards achieving the
• 1)ENERGY MADE OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES  SDG'S:
• 2) Technology that optimizes the use of materials and energy. •Get educated​
•Change mindset​
• 3) REDUCING CARBON EMISSIONS BY ALL KINDS OF VEHICLES •Educate others ​
• 4) BIOTECHNOLOGY  •See the world with a view
• 5)Reduce emissions from industry. point of bringing a change ​
•Live Conscientiously
• ENERGY MADE OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES: A LOT OF ADVANCEMENT OF HAS BEEN
MADE IN SOLAR ENERGY,  WIND ENERGY, NUCLEAR ENERGY HAS BEEN MADE. Simply to
stabilize atmospheric greenhouse-we will have to reduce current global greenhouse
emissions by over 50%. THOUGH STILL MAJOR ENERGY IS PRODUCED FROM NON
RENEWABLE RESOURCES, AND A LOT OF INVESTMENT NEEDS TO TAKES PLACE AND
HAVE TO BE MADE VERY AFFORDABLE AS WELL. 
•  Technology that optimizes the use of materials and energy- Most of
the technologies, are mostly under testing and no significant development has taken
place, though we all can individually use the 3R'S.
• REDUCING CARBON EMISSIONS BY ALL KINDS OF VEHICLES-the automobile industry
now accounts for about 20% of all industrial investments in research and development.
“Three-litre  cars” (that is, cars consuming less than 3 litres of gasoline per 100 km),
natural-gas engines, electric cars, hydrogen engines, and fuel-cell engines can all play a
role in eliminating motor-vehicle emissions. Telematics can enable traffic to move more
efficiently. Information and communication technologies can eliminate the need for
physical transports in some areas, and computerized logistics in goods transports can
reduce total transport distances.
• MANY WASTE MANAGEMENT TREATMENTS HAVE BEEN OPENED UP IN INDIA FOR               
 PREVENTION OF RIVERS BEING CONTAMINATED WITH FACTORY WASTE.
• BIO TECHNOLOGY - Biotechnology is expected to bring important
advances  in solving food problems, in energy saving, in making
industrial and agriculture production "Eco-friendly" .Genetically
altered microorganisms can break down a wide range of pollutants
by being used, for example, in  wastewater-treatment facilities, and
in the clean-up of polluted sites. Genetically modified organisms
can also reduce environmental burdens by reducing the need for
pesticides, fertilizers, and medications.
• REDUCE EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRY-Manufacturing, mining for raw
materials, and dealing with the waste all take energy. Most of the
products that we buy - everything from phones and TVs to clothing
and shoes - are created in factories, which adds up to about 20% of
the greenhouse gases produced worldwide. Here we can use
renewable energy sources as mentioned before. Even reducing the
amount of meat eaten can help as it'll reduce the carbon footprints
and methane produced by the animals and the industry that
produces meat.
 A BRIEF DISCUSSION AND THE CONCLUSION
TO ALL THE POINTS AND INFORMATION I GAVE
• SUSTAINABLITY AS  A  AIM CAN BE ACHIEVED ONLY BY  OPTIMIZING THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN
NATURE, TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMY. I.E. USING SUSTAINABLE METHODS  IN ALL  ASPECTS AND
INVESTING  MORE IN RENEWABLE AND ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY ENERGY SOURCES ETC.
• SCIENTISTS AND POLITICANS NEED TO KEEP MANY FACTORS IN MIND WHILE CONDUCTING
RESEARCH AND INTRODUCING POLICIES AND FINDING OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS TO ACHIEVING
SDG'S.
• SDG'S CAN BE ACHIEVED ONLY IF ALL THE COUNTRIES CUTTING THROUGH POLITICAL BARRIERS 
AND WORLD CITIZENS TAKE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF CONTRIBUTING FROM THEIR SIDE.
• In the long term, “progress” works against us if it continues to be detrimental/damaging  to
nature. This realization will find increasing acceptance. Sustainable developmental  goals  will
play a central role in the 21st century and will be a major challenge for politicians and scientists
alike. The progress should be sustainable.
• EVERY GLOBAL CITIZEN SHOULD TAKE A PLEDGE OF CONTRIBUTING AS MUCH AS HE CAN , TO
MAKE THIS EARTH A BETTER PLACE TO LIVE IN !  
• SDG'S  provides a global blueprint for dignity, peace and prosperity for people and the planet,
now and in the future.
YES, FINALLY, YOU READ IT TILL THE END !

●
SO IN THE END, THE ONLY THING I WOULD LIKE TO SAY IS,
THAT TO COMPLETELY ERADICATE CLIMATE CHANGE WE
ALL NEED TO COME TOGETHER, INCLUDING WORLD
CITIZENS, ALL GOVERNMENTS, CORPORATE
COMPANIES,ETC. AND FIGHT AGAINST IT.
●
TOGETHER WE CAN ACHIEVE THIS,TOGETHER WE WILL!
THANKS A LOT FOR READING THIS, I HOPE YOU WOULD
HAVE FOUND THIS TRULY VERY INFORMATIVE AND EASY
TO UNDERSTAND AS IT REQUIRED HOURS OF RESEARCH
AND SOURCING!