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09 专题九 动词的时态和语态
09 专题九 动词的时态和语态
专题九 动词的时态和语态
五年中考
考点 1 动词的时态
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2021 北京,9)—Lily, what do you usually do after school?
—I exercise with my friends.
A.do B.did
C.will do D.was doing
答案 A 句意:——莉莉,放学后你通常做什么?——我和我的朋友们做运动。本题考查动词的时态。由问
句的时间状语 usually 可知,设空处要用一般现在时,故选 A。
4.(2021 福建,28)Hurry up! Mr. Brown for us in the meeting room at the moment.
A.is waiting B.will wait C.waited
答案 A 句意:快点! 现在布朗先生正在会议室等我们。本题考查现在进行时。由“ Hurry up!”及“at the
moment”可知,本题应该用现在进行时,故答案为 A。
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
7.(2021 北京,10)Mr. Smith Chinese for two years. He's much better at it now.
A.learns B.was learning
C.has learned D.will learn
答案 C 句意:史密斯先生学汉语已经两年了。他现在汉语水平更高了。本题考查动词的时态。由句子的
时间状语 for two years 可知,设空处应用现在完成时,故选 C。
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
14.(2021 内蒙古包头,31)—Did you see Dorothy? She just came back from abroad.
—Yes. But she someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
A.phones B.is phoning
C.was phoning D.has phoned
答案 C 本题考查过去进行时。由“so I nodded to her and went away”可知,那时候 Dorothy 正在打电话,应
用进行时。由谓语动词“nodded”可知,这件事发生在过去,应用过去进行时。故答案为 C。
15.(2021 广西贺州,40)I don't know if Lucy to Jack's party next Sunday. If she , so will I.
A.goes;goes B.will go;will go
C.goes;will go D.will go;goes
答案 D 本题考查宾语从句和条件状语从句中的时态。第一个句子中 ,if 是否,引导宾语从句,主句 I don't
know 为一般现在时,从句谈论的是 next Sunday 要举办的 party,因此使用一般将来时 will go;第二个句子中,if
如果,引导条件状语从句,对未来进行假设,应该使用一般现在时,因此是 goes。故本题答案是 D。
16.(2021 湖北武汉,29)—We very simply and do not spend much money on food.
—That's why you're called the Greens.
A.eat B.ate
C.will eat D.had eaten
答案 A 本题考查动词时态。and 连接并列成分,故根据 do not spend 可以判断设空处也用一般现在时。故
选 A。
审题技巧 对时态的判断,除了根据常见的时间状语之外,根据语境判断也是很重要的方法。
17.(2021 江苏苏州,6)The documentary A Plastic Ocean is so impressive that I it several times so far.
A.watched B.watch
C.have watched D.will watch
答案 C 句意:《塑料海洋》这部纪录片如此令人震撼,以至于到现在为止我已经看了好几遍了。本题考查
现在完成时态。根据时间状语 so far 及 several times 可知,此空应用现在完成时态。故选 C。
19.(2021 江 苏 连 云 港 ,12)David Attenborough 40 documentaries over the past 67 years. A Life on Our
Planet is his latest work.
A.makes B.made
C.has made D.is making
答案 C 句意:大卫·爱登堡在过去的 67 年里制作了 40 部纪录片,《地球上的一段生命旅程》是他最近的作
品。本题考查动词的时态。根据 over the past 67 years 可知,此句应用现在完成时态,故选 C。
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
21.(2020 湖 北 武 汉 ,30)In the past 70 years,China historic changes and made great
achievements.
A.experienced
B.has experienced
C.experiences
D.would experience
答案 B 句意:在过去的 70 年间,中国经历了历史性的转变并且取得了伟大的成就。本题考查动词的时态 。
本句时间状语 In the past 70 years 意为“在过去的 70 年间”,是现在完成时的标志,由此可知本题选择 B。
易错警示 若审题不清,本题易错选 A 选项。与时间状语 in the past 和 in the past 70 years 连用的时态不同。
in the past 意为“在过去”,是一般过去时的标志。而 in the past 70 years 意为“在过去的 70 年间”,是现在完
成时的标志。
25.(2020 云南,34)There a basketball game next Monday. If it , we'll have to put it off.
A.is going to have; will rain
B.is going to have; rains
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
3.(2021 浙江绍兴改编,47)The child (cry) over there. What's wrong with him?
答案 is crying 根据第二句“他怎么了?”可知男孩应该正在那边哭,故填 is crying。
4.(2021 浙江金华,70)But surely, people believe, his dream (come) true in the near future.
答案 will come 本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 in the near future 可知,用一般将来时。
5.(2021 山东济宁,五,3)They (raise) more than $100 million over the past years, according to news
website Genius.
答案 have raised 本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 over the past years 可知应该用现在完成时,主语
They 为复数,故填 have raised。
6.(2021 山东德州,67)By now, the bird (make)many swan friends there, and it is living a happy life.
答案 has made 通过时间状语 By now 可知此处应用现在完成时,故答案为 has made。
7.(2021 甘肃武威,Ⅶ,3)George walked into the room and (turn) on the light.
答案 turned 此处与 walked 并列,故用过去式 turned。
8.(2021 山东东营,51)Sitting at the bedroom window, Melissa was watching her new neighbor Lily Green. There,
in the garden, Lily (play) freely and wildly, in jeans and a T-shirt.
答案 was playing 设空处前一句用了过去进行时。本句说 Lily 也应该是表示她正在做什么,故用过去进行
时 was playing。
9.(2020 内蒙古包头,71)As I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly (hear) some noise.
答案 heard 句意:当我正努力找出路时,我突然听到一些吵闹声。本题考查时态。由时间状语从句中的
was trying 可知本空也应该用过去的某种时态,hear 为瞬间动词,故本空应该用一般过去时,故填 heard。
考点 2 被动语态
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2021 福建,31)Many research labs in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.
A.are building B.will be built
C.were built
答案 B 句意:为了发展中国的科学技术,未来 5 年内将建立许多研究实验室。本题考查时态和语态。句子
的主语 Many research labs 是谓语动词 build 动作的承受者,所以用被动语态;由时间状语 in the next 5 years
可知,句子时态用一般将来时。故答案为 B。
2.(2021 海南,37)The play Teahouse by the famous Chinese writer Lao She.
A.wrote
B.was writing
C.was written
答案 C 考查被动语态。主语 The play Teahouse 与动词 write 之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,故选 C。
3.(2021 内蒙古包头,34)Tea from China began to be sent abroad more than a thousand years ago and since then it
to the world.
A.was known B.is known
C.has been known D.knows
答案 C 本题考查时态和语态。由时间状语“ since then”可知,本句应用现在完成时。根据题意可知 ,it 与
know 构成被动关系,应用被动语态,所以本句为被动语态的现在完成时。it 为第三人称单数,应用 has。故答
案为 C。
7.(2021 江苏苏州,8)Now teenagers to do voluntary work for their local communities.
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
10.(2021 江 苏 南 京 ,9)Our school library with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while
studying or reading there.
A.decorates B.decorated
C.is decorated D.was decorating
答案 C 本题考查被动语态。主语 Our school library 和 decorate 是被动关系,所以此处应用被动语态,故选
C。
11.(2020 辽宁营口,18)—It was amazing that Huoshenshan Hospital in such a short time at the beginning of
2020.
—Yes. That's China Speed.
A.built B.is built
C.was built D.has built
答案 C 句意:——2020 年年初,火神山医院在如此短的时间内建成,这太令人惊讶了。——是的。那是中
国速度。本题考查时态和语态。Huoshenshan Hospital 与动词 build 是被动关系,故用被动语态。时间状语 at
the beginning of 2020 表示过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选 C。
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
Ⅱ.单句填空
1.(2021 浙江宁波,43)If we don't protect the environment well, we'll be (惩罚)sooner or later.
答案 punished 本题考查被动语态。由句意可知,此处表被动,应用过去分词。
答案 caught 小偷在偷东西时被抓获,应该用被动语态,故填过去分词 caught。
3.(2021 黑龙江绥化,48)His new novel is very popular and it (sell) out last week.
答案 was sold/sold 根据 last week 可知为一般过去时。it(His new novel)与 sell out 既可以是主动关系也可
以是被动关系,故填 was sold 或 sold。
4.(2021 江苏扬州,50)Zhang Ruoxu, a Tang Dynasty poet, is widely (know)for his poem A Moonlit
Night on the Spring River.
答案 known be known for 以……而闻名。故答案为 known。
6.(2020 内蒙古包头,75)In order to live in a better place, the natural environment must be (protect)
by all the people.
答案 protected 句意:为了生活在一个更好的地方,自然环境必须被所有人保护好。本题考查时态和语态。
动词 protect 和主语 the natural environment 为被动关系,由此可知本空填过去分词 protected。
三年模拟
A 组 基础题组
1.(2021 广西柳州一模,33) I my friend last week.
A.visits B.visited C.visit
答案 B 考查时态。根据时间状语 last week 可知,此处表示过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时。故选 B。
2.(2021 黑龙江哈尔滨道里一模 ,16)Recently a lot of Chinese buying some brands to support Xinjiang
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
cotton.
A.have stopped B.stopped C.stops
答案 A 考查时态。根据句首的 Recently 可知,此处应用现在完成时。故选 A。
3.(2021 上海黄浦二模,30)Before the typhoon arrived, around 1.8 million people to safety.
A.moves B.has moved
C.were moving D.had moved
答案 D 句意:在台风到达之前,大约 1,800,000 人已经转移到了安全地带。本题考查时态。根据时间状语
从句 Before the typhoon arrived 可推知,主句动词 move 表示的动作发生在过去的过去,应使用过去完成时。故
选 D。
4.(2021 四川成都高新区二模,32) I don't know when he . When he here, I'll call you in a minute.
A.will come;will arrive
B.will come;arrives
C.comes;arrives
答案 B 考查时态。第一空前的 when 引导宾语从句,根据语境可知,我不知道他将什么时候来(人还没到),
应用一般将来时。第二空前的 When 引导时间状语从句,主句和从句的时态一般遵循“主将从现”原则。由
此可知,答案选 B。
5.(2021 甘肃平凉崆峒一模,24)Tom, together with his friends, often to the old people's home to cheer them
up.
A.go B.goes C.going D.went
答案 B 考查时态。根据 often 可知,应用一般现在时,主语为 Tom(第三人称单数形式),所填动词应与主语
保持形式一致,故选 B。
6.(2021 河北石家庄检测,38) The city is famous as the “Forest City”. Two thirds of the area with green
trees.
A.covers B.covered
C.is covered D.is covering
答案 C 句意:这座城市以“森林之城”而闻名。这个地区的三分之二被绿树覆盖着。考查动词的时态和
语态。根据语境可知,此处表示“被绿树覆盖”,且为客观事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态,故选 C。
8.(2021 甘肃平凉一模,32) Waste paper shouldn't everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean.
A.throw B.be thrown
C.is thrown D.are thrown
答案 B 考查被动语态。Waste paper 与动词 throw 为被动关系,“废纸被乱扔”,因此此处应用被动语态, 又
因为情态动词 shouldn't 后面接动词原形,故答案为 B。
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
9.(2021 四川成都模拟, 40)The mobile phone has influenced people's life a lot since it .
A.invents B.invented
C.was invented
答案 C 考查动词的时态和语态。根据 since 可知, 此处表示发生在过去的事情,且 invent 与从句主语 it(指
代 The mobile phone)是被动关系,因此应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选 C。
10.(2021 重庆二模,29)In order to make our hometown more beautiful, trees around the city every year.
A.plant B.are planted
C.were planted D.are planting
答案 B 考查时态和语态。主语 trees 是动作 plant 的承受者,应使用被动语态,因此排除 A、D 两项。再根
据句末的 every year 可知,动词时态应为一般现在时,故选 B。
11.(2021 浙江乐清一模,7)—The fashion show will begin in half an hour, but Sandy hasn't turned up yet.
—Don't worry. I her and she's sure to be here soon.
A.will call B.have called
C.am calling D.call
答案 B 考查时态。根据答语可知,我已经打过电话给她了,表示动作发生在过去,对现在有影响,应用现在
完成时,故选 B。
12.(2021 天津河北模拟,32) This kind of 5G mobile phone by Huawei two years ago.
A.produced B.is produced
C.was produced D.will be produced
答案 C 考查动词的时态和语态。5G mobile phone 与 produce 是被动关系,故用被动语态。根据时间状语
two years ago“两年前”可知,此处应用一般过去时,故选 C。
13.(2021 上海闵行二模, 33)Hundreds of students to communities as volunteers by the end of last year.
A.sent B.had sent
C.had been sent D.were sent
答案 C 考查动词的时态和语态。by+过去时间,谓语动词用过去完成时。主语中心词 students 与 send 为被
动关系。故选 C。
15.(2021 江苏盐城一模,27)—Excuse me! You can't take photos here. Look at the sign “NO PHOTOS”.
—Sorry, I it.
A.don't see
B.am going to see
C.didn't see
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
D.won't see
答案 C 句意:——对不起!您不能在这里拍照。请看“禁止拍照”的标志。——对不起,我没看到。考查
时态。根据语境可知,此处表示刚才没看到标志,应为一般过去时,故选 C。
16.(2021 四川乐山峨眉调研,75)The old man (坐) down and began to read a newspaper.
答案 sat 考查时态。根据空后的 and began 可知,应用一般过去时,故填 sat。
17.(2021 江苏无锡梁溪一模,46)Her first film (receive) good reviews since it came out last month.
答案 has received 根据 since it came out last month 可知,时态应为现在完成时。主语 Her first film 是第三
人称单数,故填 has received。
18.(2021 江苏无锡期中,46) It's said that most traffic lights (control) by a central computer.
答案 are controlled 考查被动语态。 traffic lights 与 control 是被动关系且空后有 by,故填被动语态,由 It's
可知时态为一般现在时,且主语为复数形式,故答案为 are controlled。
B 组 提升题组
1.(2021 重庆二模,26)—Do you know if we a picnic next week?
—I'm not sure. But if it raining, maybe we will.
A.will have;will stop B.have;will stop
C.will have;stops D.have;stops
答案 C 句意:——你知道我们下周是否会去野餐吗?——我不能确定。但是如果雨停了,或许可能。考查
动词时态。问句中的 if 意为“是否”,引导宾语从句,因此时态应与从句中的时间状语 next month 一致,时态
应为一般将来时。答语中的 if 意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句;在条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般
将来时。故选 C。
4.(2021 黑龙江哈尔滨南岗二模,14)—A baby's first month birthday is a special event in China and with a
special party.
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
7.(2020 吉林长春解放中学一模,40)By the time I locked the door, I realized I my keys at home.
A.has left B.have left
C.had left D.was leaving
答案 C 考查动词时态。根据 By the time I locked the door 和 I realized 可知,在我意识到之前我已经把钥匙
落在家里,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选 C。
8.(2020 天 津 河 北 一 模 ,9)Though pollution is heavy now, I don't think it's hopeless. If everyone starts to do
something, the world .
A.saves B.is saving
C.was saved D.will be saved
答案 D 考查语态和时态。the world 与动词 save 之间是被动关系,因此应该用被动语态,排除 A 和 B;在含
if 引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。因此本题用一般将来时的被
动语态。故选 D。
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5 年中考 3 年模拟让每一位学生分享高品质教育
10.(2020 江西模拟,30)Mr. Zhang maths in this school since he finished college twelve years ago.
A.teaches B.is teaching
C.will teach D.has taught
答案 D 句意:自从 12 年前大学毕业后,张老师一直在这所学校教数学。考查动词的时态。结合句意和题
干中的 since 可知,设空处应用现在完成时,表达“从过去一直持续到现在的动作”。故选 D。
12.(2021 甘肃平凉一模,5)他们被分成了三组去讨论这个问题。
They were three groups to discuss the problem.
答案 divided into 根据句意可知,此处用被动语态。助动词 were 后接过去分词,故填 divided into。
14.(2021 浙 江 杭 州 上 城 一 模 ,64) Not only is the theater the nearest, but it also o the most
comfortable seats.
答案 offers 句意:这家剧院不仅是最近的,而且还提供最舒适的座位。由句意及首字母可知,填 offer, 此处
主语为 it(第三人称单数),根据主谓一致原则,故填 offers。
15.(2021 浙江杭州一模,66)After the candles were b out, we could finally eat the birthday cake.
答案 blown 句意:蜡烛被吹灭后,我们终于可以吃生日蛋糕了。考查动词的被动语态。 be+过去分词,因此
此处需用过去分词,故填 blown。
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