fflite Board V7 .0 13 4.3 a mph,. m1aerubic. RO. PPP.

bile)

D1"- amPA:boL,c:. .
f1vSc. lt5 Pt-ttge,-, j 4 fl-t Qc,·ds l)ve'7 (1:.4_h!Jo~1,

Ah a~ · _4 L ~ l-4 6.- Ca 'l"J 'f a c ~ v '1 S_t mJ/. I f .

__ C eI I htf ':, +o ~q I< e ~ ~ t) i '- e .e i J, A.eh of ;+.
f<tjvlt'.4f:011 iS 4f f1i~~.iJ>r,·il.f!..f,(L cf Pvsf · fht ,.5<1If)/.
,) NA , J1'C4'1 s l~ f,4 "1
- - - )~r-1)/ I~>./~~
(J,.Oft ,n
·_.:.,_ __
Extend eaoa
-
Lj) ~~[la &1 1~ '7 · ~ · ~ 1£ / · -4' · ---=---·-=--
]l,cI II : 1111: Sal rlllldaw tie1P
111• 8001J V7.0 (3 4 J n111phl. J1klaobic. RO, PPP bul

.. ... I , I

<i~ a "'" ~..too ~~ tii f1J~f7 -i!. · / 1- / · ,., · • ..

Ill O.liwl AC l ~ liltindow tlolp
s

• •
/ U 1J 4.l ETS, AIP ,y11t1w,is.btxj

ex Ill --'>

2 =1-
=

- c:::: ----
+- V~ Hz...
2.,.fl
·t
:---..
-· -- -
I
1 :)
C:/t- ct Cyl:_-c,
ox. id. "'
'1 ---- 2 ·<!-
~ ,-,ed
~- - --
~
, Whit• llo.>td VI O 1J 4,2 n~. Alr ,yt1111' ts btxJ

J; '1 f<' "7 ;r:. >'In r ~1

rv1 ""..,., ~
s ('e. t!_
b~,,, .s, r,~c
e.. ,,; he:. roe
e.

COW\pf I

oxidatio" of

t-l{
f\J Pt D

t ,- I

_!,:._T 3 ~ btx [ :, • U ETI. ATP syntllftl_ J 3 - 4 2 1 blx

~~ ill <.; .. ~ :ii~ )t ~ · ~ · / }: /· >.
5tir, w.- Htlo
 7 'V"7..!J

2 A-/P
t \Vliite Bo~rd V7.0 - [3 · 4.2 ETS, ATP synthesis.bbc]

.,..
··--~ -·-· ... ·-···-··--- - -·· ·-·-··-· --- ~ H.
-···--·---·-A-"- P~..2/_________ :_±~~~~-=~,g__
T_e_ ____

~ "7.S enzymes.btlc 3-4.2.1.btll:

Wlwt• So.11d VI O - 13 4 2 LIS. All' .y11ll,esi~ h'IXI

'I

I
I
t
'I -0....
l. -
COMpl
IV _ __ ! ox cf:- (rt- C( [e ··
.__..,, ( -r t - s . . . .,_.
-I J-re.t.
C,(

I
t
..
2. - --
AOf'
tOkll}'(ex V - ATP Syt\thetase - Ft, a.d ~
+Pi

9 M b11t 1 - 7 3 enzymes t>tx S • , .2 &TS, ATP 1yntl'IHL- 3 - 4 2 1 btx.

~ '-;:. a ~ -r ... et 1} ~ 1 ~ 1 ~ ✓ • ~ • / Ji.. / • • • ~· --=-----=-...:~:......

Ill Fom..11 Dlaw Toal Necwort Slan Win.d<M !,lelp
di• ll<Mrd VT O (3 ·12 Ers, Ar P ,ynlhesl•;.bb}

Tht,,,,,,,oclYnt:tm ,c~1J., ... n()f 1?05s;bl~ _

/Vj/f)J.<- Ox ,di2 ed - jledox 1?of~y,f,4{ (EaJ {-0 .3 2.. V )

0 2. - he~vt.e J - ' ' 1

+ 0,%-2. v
,

I , 14 V

'!to c~ i • <(__ o_t he,. <&1. ,., 'h ,·eJ> S-= _ff T5
· / '1 '-1_ n t_ C

e.--'I {. ~,-,?,;o, -100 ft,____t<.2_..lgh 60-

lJ, µ, Io s? _ 1f_g__r1 e.J7J 1 q J.. e v<?J.. 'I Sfe f

/} I- e C<C ~ 5/.e f- e clo>-1o'h ~'1<, les5 4"'i 'J.it7_ Jot.~-_t..~&4"1 nt x.L4<.Ct!p_lo&

ATP syn.tnesised in. Wt.itocnon.dria coWt.e out by FacUitated diffusion. across in.n.er Wt.eW\brAM ol
tlfllitocl-lon.dn·a an.d by Diffusion. across outer Wt.eW\bran.e of Wt.itocnon.dria.
,., Whi1• Boa,d V7 0 fl 4.2 llS, AfP synlho<l~.bb<)

Rote of oxygel'\ is liwiited to terwtil'\al stage of process. Yet, preset\Ce of oxygen is vital, sil'\U it
d rives whole process b.!:J rewtovi~ hydrogen Frowt systewt.
Oxygen acts as final hydrogel'\ accpetor. and final e acceptor of the process
( fiM I e acceptor in ITC is a.)

cf
C7 t -
~u , _;,anes- f'Ylob.-J~.- (,:!)w>Y"ltJY' r9,..,,.,,,_ vb;9v.-no,,,.,e-
(~1/: Cl3 - 1-·e cf <v - he/PS +1,"'.,,,~g&. e:- tc:> Oz._

Cytochrowie c is swtalt protein attached to outer surfac,e of inner wtewtbrane and acts AS a
tlllobile carrier for tranSfer of efectronS between cowtpfex Ill and IV.
cotlllf)ltX IV refers to cytocl-lrotvle c oxidase cowtpfex con.taini~ cytochroMUS a aNL a.
a"" two copper cen.tres.
Un.like photophosph.orylation where it is Jight energy that is utilised for production of protol\
grad~t'\t n quired for photophosphorylation., in ~piratioh it-is tner-gy of c,xid.ation -retiu~fOMc---.1

uitfised for Satllle process. So it is called oxidative phosphorylation

I •U ETS. A'TP synttlHI.- I 3-4 2 1 l>tX
:ii ~ "'ll,. Q - ~ - / l::.. / · •
~ _ ::.l Skin Wonclow ~ o
<ird V7.0 (J '1 .2 US. ATP synthw,ls.btx)

J ~ eh ,. t ~11 1961, (( J.l~l;,el- 19':ff:r

A -r Pu<;e - A,,., f 'fn f he k.r~e - <o uPI, "'J {"' '1:,'1
c F() - s kr/'< ~ c F.- Heetd P;ece..
I nn Ph }'YII /.o, h, JI)?(? rv1 b - 1?0-.rneCI b(e _, Wt</.eJ. · -If nut lo io)'ls- ·-~~
A1 Pq~e- C:/,,uv,Y1eJ.. ~ +-11n.-1e{ /p~ i f .
1? H_ cf CcJnc _._(Jj 1-<. f - _ Phufo n rnol-1 ve /Jvht'~- PM/:.___~

lJhy Ht_ b1':;w, Nt4O dun'l ,,ec.,cl- w,-fl,, 0--z J ;,,~<fl~

Tht,,TY>ocl'/ne,,yn,~c ql/1-- !Joi- 1?0 5s;b/(! _ ·

IV/IDJ.<- ox,d;-ied _: )1tdo>'- 1?u~_~v,f-i4[ ( €(.)) (- 0. 32- v )

0 -z. - 1'~clvt.eJ. -:_ ✓, ' ' + 0 , ~ )_ V
I, I', V
;;i;_:;:;::;~
_7;';3':;enzymes:=;;_tltx:;:-i, - ll!P.
.U ~ IT!'!'
l,~A1P
!:::;
synth
"'"'::-nt
~ .-.. ----r--:-3--:_4-:- ~-r------------..,..
2 -:1

.- .. [a~-,,,~ ~ ~ :ii b1 lt. ~ ·/t.·L J:. / · l.ta · iti, · • I:;

>al H• Oil: ~ Y{irldow J::lelp
 r~';;..iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!i~iiiiiii.iiii~~ ~ ~ - ~
ve White Board V7.0 13 4 2 CTS, ATP synthPS1~ btxJ

..
'()
••I,•
.... ,
• : lliiiit
••
0
0
0

"D
0
• o· ---- - - -

AriPr

1 - 7 3 enzymes lllX
°'°' 1P
"Wh11e Boord V7,0 [3 42 ETS. ATP synth....s.bb<)

a u-1<! '1
Mf!. ~ f?h<, Jr!
0:C.>O
(Jl::?"O
o,::::'.,;:::c,
~.,f<?t,
/"ff.,.j6•"fl
5PQC..<! ~

•
4; : 0
• 0 ,
• O 4
• 0
• 0
, 0 ~
0 ,AOH•
0
• sv,ciltft tc
0
() ----
•
• 0
---------......
0

.
~k+-
,
.,• ,_.-~
• .,J..r
Sf-- Cyl•l., ( ~ t1t-& -- - · - - -
 \,) I J ----.. l

ATP syn.thesised ;.,. IN\itocho.,.dria COIN\e out by Facilitated diffusion. across in.l'\er 1'11\e""'braM ol
t\l\itochon..dria an..d by Diffusio.... across outer IN\elN\bra"'e of IN\itoch.on..dria.

Head piece coupling Factor Ch co....tain..s s subu.,.;ts

3Alpl-ta J Bet-a
1 1Qa""'a
1 Delta, , Epsefori
1 ,

Stalk portion.. con.tain..s OSCP (oligolN\ysi.... sen..sitivity co....Ferrihg protei....).

Fo
It is N!-USSafY For bi....d.i....g ~ to ;.,.....er IN\itocho ....dn·at IN\elN\bral'\e.
Base piece Fr, provides proto.... cl-ta.,.....ef. __

~nwhypotheSis of oxidative pl-tosphoryfatio ....

C"'ewtical coupli....g 1-typotl-tesis
C"'ewtioswtotic 1-typothesis E.deng Page
Cot'\lof"IN\ation..al 1-typot"'esis - IN\OSt accepted.
, Wl,ifP Aoa,<i V7 0
-----------------------
(1 -1 2 !TS '111' •ynfh<:,,o< l;,t><I

6 1"1(~ f1 s,·s - ()h.ok~,., f,; l-~s - /1t:t le.-'~~ e:. sr><1 '1~"-e sA"' f '- le. .

/'-Ill f)J,/ 2 j, => N/IIJ

3 ArP
-Eu '<'-' /-,f~fes -6, l-tte'1iJ{ /J}i~5,?}.crk Shvl+-le
/VAOJ-1 2 I ::>/llA-0
.J
2 ATP.
U, lycc:,l 7 5r5, •

c; . jJ . Ph.DsP4 ._- - _ A-rP

6Y - f ~- r~p1,.,~
1fl. l'ftlblX j 1 · 73 enzymes.btx 3 ••.2.ETS. ATPsynlhesl... 3 • 4 21 btx

~\;;. _ ,.. Y ~ ... ~ ~ d ~ ✓ ·It.·/ ;:_ /· " · lb · ·~

fl f:0111111 .12r- Joel l!I_. ~ W:rndow !:!dp
Wti 11• tsodtd v, u 1J 11 l l l"l J\111 \yr11hir-i.,~ bb:I

2.. A-r p
2 N'4Drt{ 1 ==- 6 /+TI')
11 X 2. = ( Lt ~ T ,-=>)
~- f ,.o/<.
t- Evk. -

+'l<.1teb S
Sv~<;/-- b~se<i PA . 2 ATP
ox,·J . p J, ~ NA D rt 'f.. 3 A--r P - 2. t, AT i":)
•

2 f /-j i)H2 x2 ATP - ___½J---'lt'-'--'-T_P__

1 -11 fUI IJIJ j , •7 3 enzyml!S b4X 3 • ,.2 El's, ATP syntt,ul.. ; 3 - 4 .2 1 IIIX

.;) \..;.. .. -, ' • ---. till L1 ~ / • I/. · I ;. / · t3 • • •

, lnHrt Eorm11 llf1W Jool tl<twoi\ il<ln Window titlp
t,v,,Whll••dt,.,rdY/.0 13 4 l lll>, AIPsynll,....•, l;l•I

1 ,4-, p -
~ ~ 15
s~
X 3~ 2.rs--:7-0 ?PAr;,'1.J.

Et1J7<-'r-1-JlvCL>S~ - 5/ •

It is possible to Make caiculatioris of "'et- gai"' of ATP For every glucose 1'11\olecule oxidised; but in
YeAlity this ca"' rew.ai"'-""''Y -a tl-leoretical exercise- These calculatioris ca"' be 1'11\ade. ON!J Of'\
certai"" ass,o\l\ption.s that
--> There is a sequel'\tial, orderly pathway Fu"'ct io"'i"'!J with Ol'\e substrate For"W\i"'9 nut w wit#I
glycolysis, TCA cycle a"'d ETS pathway Followi"'!J Ol'\e after al'\.o ther.
--> NADH sy"'thesised i" 9 l~colysis is tral'ISFerred il'\t() tM.itochof'\.dn·a and uruiergoes oxid. phos~
--> NON of i"'teYW1ediates i"' pathway are used to sy"'thesise a..,.y other cohll.pound.
--> ON(y glucose is bei"tl respired - l'\O other alteYl'\o:tive substrates are e"'unng ;..,. pat"'-w•y
1- '! ful btx I 1 • 7 3 enzymes blX :, .:_• -~eTS. ATP synthuL 'I 3 - 4 2 1 btx l
~~ ~ .,,. . .. ·ii ~ ~ ,,, • It. . / ;... / . ~ . •
- EllffNI ll•- Jool t::lttwork ~n W•ndow l:iolp
- - > Ni,,,.,. of 1nterwted1atts 1n patkway an usid to synthis1u any other cO""'l'OM...Z
--> ONiy gli.1cou is bc.lt'\9 respiruJ. - no other altel"'l'\.O.tive iubitrate.s art enteri"9 ;,,., pttthw~
at 4Ul!I oF interw.ed.iary stages.

But thiJ kir.4 oF i.'WlAWlptiof'I.S an Mt reo.Uy vo.lid 1'n liv1't'\9 ¥teM; alf pathwo.ys worlc siM&c
ah.d d.o l'\Ot to.Q po.Ju OM After o.N>t~r, sc.ibstrat&s ~tcr patl\ways aN1 Me. witNi.rawn Fro.
as o.Ni when nccesso.ry; ATP is 1AtiUud. as ah.d when need.ed; etu.yW\o.tic rates an controflul
by W\Uftipf• .,_,, af'I.S,

COWtpo.rision oF Ferwtentation o.h.d o.erobic respiration :

FUIIIW'\tation - partial bru.kdown oF gliAcoSC; Mrobic - gfiAcoSC COWlpletcJy "4grll/U4.
Fc~to.tion - net go.in oF ;2. ATP; ~robic - 38 (proko.ryotic), 3'- (eulco.ryotic).
0

NA.OH is oxidised to NAD slowly in Ferw.cnto.tior,, ; ~robic - vigrous.

HaI.tt - Aspartat e U\Uttlt - (l\tart, liver, kidnty)

OAA (c~o fASWI)
IM! Whit,, Bc,.,rrl V7 0 (3 4 1 rrs. ATP wnthesis blaj

ColN\parisio"' of fer>v1e"'tatio"' arui aerobic respiratio"' :

Fcnvtet\-tation - partial breakdow"' of glucose; Aerobic - glucose colN\pletely def,ro.du.
Fer'Wle,,.tatio"' - "'et gai" of 2 ATP; Aerobic - 38 (prokaryotic), 36 (eukaryotic).
•
NADH is oxidised to NAP slowly i"' fen,,,.e,,.tatio"' ; Aerobic - vigrous.

Malate - Aspartate shuttle - (heart, liver_, }5,id,,.~) alyerol phosphate shuttle (wiuscle, l'lerve u,..::....t...r-_.
OAA (cytoplo.slN\)
DHAP
j- NAD'H,.
NAD - -.....~ ~-- r - ) NAD
Aspartat e
M~late Q!,y_cerol 3 phosphate (c9toplas""}
·······t····································· .... ~ ................... ··············f·······································..
Malette f.}''•'litochai\dria) alycu-01 3 phosrf.ho.t~ (t"'titochoM:iriA.__

OM
r;::D~3 ATP Aspartate. ·at•Oitellft
- - - -DHAP
Jc:.>::P~ 2 ATP

1 • 7 3 enzymes blX ___!: 4.2,ETS. ATP syndlul... I 3 - 4 2 , t>IX~ -

~ ~ ... ..,,, ~ .... .. cl ~ ✓ • ~ ·/ ;. / · },. . •
- format I!•- Jool tie!wotk Slon Jli,nd- 1:itlp