AT EXCHANG: 2 FLOW PARALLEL FLOw/CouN F phenomena in Parallel / Counter low arranae - 1 On Au II heat transfer coefficient for both To calculate rate of heat transfer, LMTD and ove type of heat exchanger. and Counter flow heat exchanger ce of Paral To compare the perforn 3. Inrropucrion: transferred from one fluid to another. ions, Common, Heat Exchanger is a device in which heat ‘The necessity for doing this arises in a multitude of industrial applic: examples of heat exchangers are the radiator of a car, the condenser at the back of domestic refrigerator and the steam boiler of a thermal power plant, Heat Exchangers are classified in three categories: 1) Transfer Type. 2) Storage Type. 3) Direct Contact Type 4. Theor A Wansfer type of heat exchanger is one on which both fluids pass simultaneously through the device and heat is transferred through separating walls. In practice most of the heat exchangers used are transfer type ones. her classified accordi 1g to flow arrangement as - The transfer type exchangers are fi 1. Parallel flow in which fluids flow in the same direction, 2, Counter flow in which they flow in opposite direction and 3. Cross flow in which they flow at right angles to each other. A simple example of transfer type of heat exchanger in the form of a wbe type arrangement in which one of the fluids is flowing through the inner tube and the oth herThe heat transfer takes place actoss the watts through the annulus st / the inner tube. mw ‘The apparatus consists of tube fn tube type coneentrie tube heat exchanger, The hot Jn is obtained from an insulated water bath using a magnetic fluid is hot water wh Give pump and it flow through the inner tube while the cold! Hid fs cold water u owing through the annuals. The hot water flows alvvays in one direction and the flow mreans of a valve, The cold water can be admitted at one rate of which is controlled by’ changer to run as a parallel flow apparatus or a counter of the end enabling the heat e: ftow apparatus. This is done by valve operations. For flow mensurement Rotameters are provided at inlet of eold water and outlet of hot water Tine, A magnetic drive pump ‘ed to cireulate the hot water from a recycled type water tank, which is fitted with is usi heaters and Digital Temperature Controller. 6. Uniuities Require: 1. Electricity Supply: Single Phase, 220 VAC, 50Hz, 5-15Amp socket with earth connection. 2. Water Supply: Continuous @ 5 LPM at | Bar. 3. Drain Required. d: 1.75 mx 0.5m 4. Bench Area Requi 7, Expermmentar PRocepure: Sta ing procedi 1, Close all the valves provided on the set up. Open the lid of hot water tank, fill the tank with water and put the lid back to its position. 3, Ensure that switches given on the panel are at OFF position. 4. Connect electric supply to the set up. : 5. Set the desired water temperature in the DTC by operating the increment or decrement and set button of DTC, 6. Open by pass valve and Switch ON the pump. Parallel Flow / Counter Flow Heat ExchangerSwitch ON the heater and wait till desired temperature achieves. 8. Connect cooling water supply to the set up. 9. Connect both the outlet (parallel / counter) of cooling water to drain. 10. Open the inlet & outlet valve for cold water as per desired mode (paralleVcounter flow). 11. Allow cold water to flow through heat exchanger and adjust the flow rate by Rotameter and control valve. ‘Allow hot water to flow through heat exchanger and adjust the flow rate by Rotameter, control valve and by pass valve. 13. At steady state (constant temperature) record the temperatures & flow rate of hot and cold water. 14. Repeat the experiment for different flow rate of hot & cold water. 15. Repeat the expe nent for different bath temperature. 16. Repeat the experiment for other mode (counter/parallel flow). Closing procedure: When experiment is over switch OFF heaters. 2. Switch OFF pump. 3. Switch OFF Power Supply to Panel. 4. Stop cooling water supply. Drain hot water tank by the drain valve provided. OsservaTION & CALCULATION: Data: D, = 0.0095 m D. = ~— 0.0127m Tea 1.6m OBSERVATION TABLE: S.No. ore FALPH | T,°C m i Parallel / Counter : Cee cba Is Parallel Flow / Counter Flow Heat ExchangerCALCULATIONS) po at Ty and (Cav pad at Find the properties of water (Che TAT oy LATS (as por moute setevted) from date book, oe Wk C Con On seeee Wh EC moo wnseseseens hglin® Roo aeeseeseese Kyl! Bx Pr My = PARP nyse mo ** Fe00x1000" 8" OQ, = MACia(Th -T;). W M, = SP * 3600 x 1000 vkes= = Q, = M,C (Tq Th) W (Hor parallel flow) = Q, = M,C, (7, = 1), W (for counter Now) = BW ow AT, =7,-T,,°C (for parallel flow) AT = T, - Ts, °C (for counter flow) = ",, °C (for parallel flow) = AT, = Ts AT = T, ~Ty,°C (for counter flow) = NGwan? 2 wanrme i J, ore WANE aesncnne ie wan" U, =P Wines» 0 ely 9, Nomencn atures 7 ’ Tnslde heat transfor area, mY A Ay F Outside heat tanisfer aren, mn” Cu Spevitie heat of hot Maid aCmean temperatur Che = Specific heat of eold Mid wt mean temperature, k/ky 'C De = Outer diameter of tube, m dB * Inner diameter of tube, m By * Flow rate of hot water, LPL Ke te Flow rate of cold water, LPH. Loos Length of tube, m My, o= Mass flow rate of the hot water, ky/s Me = Mass Now rate of the cold water, ky/s Qos Average heat transfer from the system, W Q = Heat gained by the cold water, W Qu Heat loss by the hot water, W ‘TF Mean temperature of hot water, °C TO Mean temperature of cold water, °C T = Inlet temperature of the hot water, °C ho= Outlet temperature of the hot water, °C T3 = Inlet temperature of the cold water, °C Ty = Outlet temperature of the cold water for parallel Mow, °C Ts = Outlet temperature of the cold water for counter Now, °C AT» = Log mean temperature difference, °C UL = Inside overall heat transfer coefficient, W/ m?°C Us = Outside overall heat transfer coefficient, W/ m?°C CaS Density of cold water at mean temp, kg/m? Pho Density of hot water at mean temp. ky/m? Parallel Flow / Counter Flow Heat Exchanger10. Preevurions 8 MUN Trane Tn ie rionts Lo Nower van the apparatirs H powar supply ts fess tian JHovolts and above than 2Ovolts, Never avlich ON maine power supply bofore ensuring that all the ON/OFF awvitehos given on the panel are at OFF postion. 1. Operator xetootor switel olf temperature Indicator gewtly. 4. Abwayy keep the apparatins feo hom dust TL. TRountrsioorings 1. electric panel Is not showing the Input on the mains fight, cheek the main supply. 12. Reverence 1. Holman, J.P, “Heat Transfer", 9" ed,, MeGraw Hill, NY, 2008, Page 525-526, $28-531, MeCabe, Sinith, J.C. Harriott, P., “Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering”, 7" ed. MeGraw Hill, NY, 2005, Page 327-329, 331-333 Or Wa’ 1. Arora.Domkundwar, “A Course in Heat & Mass 1 & CO(P) LTD. NY, 2003, Page A.6 Proper ransfer”, 6" ed., Dhanpat Rai