aT ooo

ae
USE OF ENGLISH - Part 1
questions 1-75, read the text below and think of the word which best fits
onl on word nieach s p The a le a th
i e n exam p begin ing O n (o
ace.
e Exampie: [0 [without|
yspace. r s t e )

The Ways We Have Changed

hard for almost everyone, but especially the young, to imagine a world (O) without television. We
have
to expect that all the important news of the day, worldwide, will be there (2) - the
mes (3)-- by, only the literate knew what was going on in the world, and ¢4). o
ng delay. But now it is pos: ble for any of us to watch world events as they occur. (5).P4 ™&... has
istance that divides our private lives (6).-.4F2™. the outside world to (7).-. sash... an extent as television.
, television transports us to the habitats of rare animals, and we may identify (9)-.
Concern for damage to the environment extends far and (10)..IGES.... . We worry about the influence of technology not
¢ SurZcIvS?.. as
rather . was once the prerogative of scholars is now accessib
less people through the medium of television. (15).Althoush form of popular education can be
uperfi al, it represents a broadening of knowledge.

que s ,
16-25 read ex ow. Use
the t t be l th word g ve
e in iCAPITALS
n t th a e end of some of the
s fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (O}.
s to form a word

°o I education

In A Class Of Your Own

e any form of (0) education the self-taught course has its advantages as well as Ss EDUCATE
S$... On the one hand, you are (17)- ; n© classroom, no timetable] DRAW/AUTONOMY
of getting a bad (18)- Te record. You are able to study at your own ATTEND
n the car or wherever your walkman takes you. On the other hand, can
really trust yourself to be (19). emily. motivated without some form of external SUFFICE
us ? |? procrastinated (20).4ts2dfully.. before beginning my first Spanish course. DREAD
e coffee, did domestic chores that were anything but (21).RESS3iNG_.. ; | even PRESS
hed day-time television. But, once I got started, | found the course surprisingly
Bing. The multi-media formats, colourful textbooks and (22).imasinativs.. teaching IMAGINE
ods all drew me into the excitement of learning a new language.
urse, i¢ your aim is (23).S3B9! 1 the language, nothing can beat actually going EXPERT
h< country concerned. Round-the-clock (24): SESIOM is clearly always going to be - | IMMERSE
e effecti tha th odd hal hour wit a se of tapes. But that odd half hour will
vean @5).!n
you eTus He head
f start when
h you step
t out onto the streets. VALUE
ew Proficiency Past PApers See orory

rqu stions 2-3 ,c o m p l e t e the s e c o n d s n t e n c e s that has a sim lar m ning e f rst te
n , ding rd ven.
is an example
e (0).
3 9 e o it i ea to th i sen nce, using the
Do not change the word given. You must use betwee three and eight words inclu the wo gi
r
word given.
ee
Exarmpl!
0 Do you Mind if! watch you while you paint?
Do you. . you while you
paint? © __[#ave any objection to my watching
32 The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no-one had foreseen.
The manufacturing process - was. held. back/up. by. unforeseen . problems.

the only thing | could do was sit and wait.

f There nything § could do excepy but __ sit-and,. wait.

Eliza would never have got the job if her brother hadn’t advised her when she completed
the app’ ation form.
a would never have got the job

The new cinema will be built as long as s

parking space. ono we u
TheoYnew b
c inema will be built Bh j
to our plans for extra car parking space.
e
c
The guide po us th m nif cent carvings above he wi dow t
wi
:

“My trainer’s foreign accent makes it hard to follow what says,” Sue said. wh
Sue explained to me that it ...~25 ber traimer’s. foreigs wh La J it hard to
=
follow what he said.

here are very few opportunities for Tim to play the saxophone these days. ge
Very rarely ...does Tim get the opportu nity/ chance te play. the saxophone these days. t

d
38 inted out to e ag i t n s.
= r
The guide
2 .4E mien £2 the magnificent carvings above
« We ask Passengers not to the e
ndows. w
leave their seats until the aircraft do ors have be e n o p e n e d .
Passengers Ik, remain (seated) in their seats
saat eee re
ma
in
 Hi - Parttl
rqu stion e1-15 s read .
th ext eb e l o
t w and thi k of he n w r dt which
o b est fits each space. Use only one word in
space. There /s an example at the beginning (Oj). Write your answers I
N CAPIT L LEA TERS.
T
o each

: es: =~ FOA Pe Pe ot on oo) ES es Gees ot ie

unication a
C o
Throughout our lives, right from the moment wh m m
e n (O) as infants w e cry to e x p r e s s h u n g e r , w er
aging in s ocial interaction of one form or (1). her. 2 Each and (2). time we
ow h u m a n
encounte
b gs, some kind of so | interaction will take place, (3).
ein ‘s
jand paying the
e fofarthe rourn jy, ore so i
c alising with friends. It goes without (4)..24¥iNS..., the
getting on a bus
b
r
that we need the ability to communicate. Without some method of transmitting intentions, we would
- a c o m p l e t e loss w h e n it (6) -- nto i teracting socially.
m u n i c a t i o n inv
r e d o m olves
to thethepresentation
exchange of info of armation, whicthesis
university h can be (7).22%RIPE_
w h ich from a gesture
m a y (8)..2?!¥...... ever
friend signalling bo
a ha m e t h i n g in (9).kstwsen. the two.
to a
highly
ndful of others, or it could be so
d e v e l op e d languages set us (10)...AP3FR_.. from animals. (41) ...- ---- for these lan
could not communicate sophisticated or abstract ideas. (4 5 ther could we talk or write
lepeo e (13)..
or obj cts ++ inymediatel y present. (14)..WREFS... we restricted to discussing o
abou

already present, we would be G5 to make abstract generalisations about the world.

Science and technology

c knowl f
Oc = crc i s no a a (21
Which pat erro t bu sel seen th « iseme
S a an fd s
h, r t e ) . r
E l d
G

TAKE
ates
rcs cris (20)..28¥s REVOLUTION
HY. style o
thought which led to a science-based
e. edge wa it PLACE
, itm di helpbe re technical (22).innevaters INNOVATE
iaticann. ot experimentation
PMBthene S5 Ww... With the FRUIT
1.
i Our
weteenthight
century mo th bond(23).. between science and technology
~~ own time, the mutual (25).
d n ,
further. e Felians of one discipline upon STRONG/RELY
s.
 PRO aa Es |

S tions 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
Weenang
t the ew rd given.
o You must use between thre and e ght
e words. iincludi g t word giver:
n he
i ia example (O}-
c
ence.
s r: using the word given.
o
le
e you mind if | watch you while you paint? objection
Do you srees
a - yeu wh ile you paint?

ple: [6 [fave any objection to my watching

obody wants to buy second-hand computer equipment these days.

There is no call for second-hand computer equipment these days.

his letter clearly that you are to attend the meeting. P right
says This letter makes entitled . attend the meeting.”
clear your ri iBht to

34 son had borrowed her new bike. great

unlocked under any

35 You should never leave this door circumstances.
Under .. - left
unlocked.

There is every certainty that will have finished report by Monday. bound
. nd to finish/ have the by Monday.
finished the
report

e day she’s going to become a famous film star. matter

's only.. a matter of time before she b e c o m es 4 famous film
star.

subject
ome tre Filet will be subject to delay. because of the appalling weather conditions.

h make of car you choose. consequence

- make of car you choose.
— PROficiency Past PApers

ENGLISH - Parti

e ons 1-15, r ead the

uesti text below and think of the word which best fits each space.
ne w o r d in each pace
s .There is n eax m p l ea t the beginning
a O). (C

- other kind of image

tory (3). there
been . take these messages
in,

ed as a competitive medium of benefit (6) t=, - the public and efficient

nanMay be true that, in advertising, one par ular brand competes against
- true that such Ppublic YY images confirm and enhance others. That
ca wi hout saying but, ul imately, adverti
Bi as a system makes
- w
e transform o rse ves
u l
o our r lives, by buying
--82....... doing, we will ineM (42)way r another, e
something
o become SSpenbour money.Advertising show
people who

-constitutes glamour. And advertising

uest ons
i 1 -25. 6read t e t xth bele w. seo th worU givene in CAPITALS
d at th en e d of some of the
that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (O}-
to form a
Example: © += Mtelectualr
Science - is it only for the specialist?
was a time when, as an educated person, you would have been expected to discuss any
teHectual or cultural topic. You would have read the latest novel, been familiar with the INTEL
with the current state of art and music. You would | CONVER
A ideas in some (17)..--9SPEP_.. , should the subject | DEEP
ef issues related to the | INC
icant di scoveries accumulated, became
ult for any one person to keep abreast of developments across the entire
poin was reached where th pace
t INCREASE e
of progress was so great that a single br: became
etely (20)..P' to absorb the wealth of information. Scientists could no longer
POWER
a %. switch back and forth between disciplines as before. They became specialists. CONFI
ly-educated person today can still have a general (22). = of most of the specialisms, | AWARE
: the (23)..
t in x-. detai F xresearch workers are themselves immersed. Trapped
which
INTRICACY
their own special areas, the fall for most research scientists ABLE
- those
ate with : on areas bordering
working ‘ their
‘i Own, let alone tot
a
CONNECT
e Dece

stions 32-39.
que:change complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
the word given You m st use
. bet een
u thre and weight words ncl
e ding the word given.
, i u
b i a t exampl ) (O
ample:-;
n.s n e - x
2 ao very
Do you
6 p
you while you paint? obje
you while you paint?
ew
pon [Pave any objection to my watching
he police had to let the suspect go because n idence was produced.
m the Pea naw -- evidence produced.

he cost of building materials has a great deal recently. shar

up if - building materials recently.
By th

didn’t tell John the news until he had finished his meal for
a Ls . telling him the news.

Don’t let her relaxed manner deceive you; she’s an extremely shrewd businesswoman! tak
Don’t let - yourself be taker in by - her relaxed manner; she’ an extremely shrewd
businesswoman!

less the weather changes dramatically overnight, we’ll be leaving at dawn.

rovi ing .THEtS are no dramatic changes im the weather overnight, we’ be leaving at dawn.

Ss again.
hh. ing. . his aunt again.
aunt

ey gave Despina the impression that she would win first prize.
2S fed to: beliowe she would win first prize.
thnk.
 aT ooo
ae
USE OF ENGLISH - Part 1
questions 1-75, read the text below and think of the word which best fits
onl on word nieach s p The a le a th
i e n exam p begin ing O n (o
ace.
e Exampie: [0 [without|
yspace. r s t e )

The Ways We Have Changed

hard for almost everyone, but especially the young, to imagine a world (O) without television. We
have
to expect that all the important news of the day, worldwide, will be there (2) - the
mes (3)-- by, only the literate knew what was going on in the world, and ¢4). o
ng delay. But now it is pos: ble for any of us to watch world events as they occur. (5).P4 ™&... has
istance that divides our private lives (6).-.4F2™. the outside world to (7).-. sash... an extent as television.
, television transports us to the habitats of rare animals, and we may identify (9)-.
Concern for damage to the environment extends far and (10)..IGES.... . We worry about the influence of technology not
¢ SurZcIvS?.. as
rather . was once the prerogative of scholars is now accessib
less people through the medium of television. (15).Althoush form of popular education can be
uperfi al, it represents a broadening of knowledge.

que s ,
16-25 read ex ow. Use
the t t be l th word g ve
e in iCAPITALS
n t th a e end of some of the
s fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (O}.
s to form a word

°o I education

In A Class Of Your Own

e any form of (0) education the self-taught course has its advantages as well as Ss EDUCATE
S$... On the one hand, you are (17)- ; n© classroom, no timetable] DRAW/AUTONOMY
of getting a bad (18)- Te record. You are able to study at your own ATTEND
n the car or wherever your walkman takes you. On the other hand, can
really trust yourself to be (19). emily. motivated without some form of external SUFFICE
us ? |? procrastinated (20).4ts2dfully.. before beginning my first Spanish course. DREAD
e coffee, did domestic chores that were anything but (21).RESS3iNG_.. ; | even PRESS
hed day-time television. But, once I got started, | found the course surprisingly
Bing. The multi-media formats, colourful textbooks and (22).imasinativs.. teaching IMAGINE
ods all drew me into the excitement of learning a new language.
urse, i¢ your aim is (23).S3B9! 1 the language, nothing can beat actually going EXPERT
h< country concerned. Round-the-clock (24): SESIOM is clearly always going to be - | IMMERSE
e effecti tha th odd hal hour wit a se of tapes. But that odd half hour will
vean @5).!n
you eTus He head
f start when
h you step
t out onto the streets. VALUE
ew Proficiency Past PApers See orory

rqu stions 2-3 ,c o m p l e t e the s e c o n d s n t e n c e s that has a sim lar m ning e f rst te
n , ding rd ven.
is an example
e (0).
3 9 e o it i ea to th i sen nce, using the
Do not change the word given. You must use betwee three and eight words inclu the wo gi
r
word given.
ee
Exarmpl!
0 Do you Mind if! watch you while you paint?
Do you. . you while you
paint? © __[#ave any objection to my watching
32 The manufacturing process was delayed by problems no-one had foreseen.
The manufacturing process - was. held. back/up. by. unforeseen . problems.

the only thing | could do was sit and wait.

f There nything § could do excepy but __ sit-and,. wait.

Eliza would never have got the job if her brother hadn’t advised her when she completed
the app’ ation form.
a would never have got the job

The new cinema will be built as long as s

parking space. ono we u
TheoYnew b
c inema will be built Bh j
to our plans for extra car parking space.
e
c
The guide po us th m nif cent carvings above he wi dow t
wi
:

“My trainer’s foreign accent makes it hard to follow what says,” Sue said. wh
Sue explained to me that it ...~25 ber traimer’s. foreigs wh La J it hard to
=
follow what he said.

here are very few opportunities for Tim to play the saxophone these days. ge
Very rarely ...does Tim get the opportu nity/ chance te play. the saxophone these days. t

d
38 inted out to e ag i t n s.
= r
The guide
2 .4E mien £2 the magnificent carvings above
« We ask Passengers not to the e
ndows. w
leave their seats until the aircraft do ors have be e n o p e n e d .
Passengers Ik, remain (seated) in their seats
saat eee re
ma
in
 Hi - Parttl
rqu stion e1-15 s read .
th ext eb e l o
t w and thi k of he n w r dt which
o b est fits each space. Use only one word in
space. There /s an example at the beginning (Oj). Write your answers I
N CAPIT L LEA TERS.
T
o each

: es: =~ FOA Pe Pe ot on oo) ES es Gees ot ie

unication a
C o
Throughout our lives, right from the moment wh m m
e n (O) as infants w e cry to e x p r e s s h u n g e r , w er
aging in s ocial interaction of one form or (1). her. 2 Each and (2). time we
ow h u m a n
encounte
b gs, some kind of so | interaction will take place, (3).
ein ‘s
jand paying the
e fofarthe rourn jy, ore so i
c alising with friends. It goes without (4)..24¥iNS..., the
getting on a bus
b
r
that we need the ability to communicate. Without some method of transmitting intentions, we would
- a c o m p l e t e loss w h e n it (6) -- nto i teracting socially.
m u n i c a t i o n inv
r e d o m olves
to thethepresentation
exchange of info of armation, whicthesis
university h can be (7).22%RIPE_
w h ich from a gesture
m a y (8)..2?!¥...... ever
friend signalling bo
a ha m e t h i n g in (9).kstwsen. the two.
to a
highly
ndful of others, or it could be so
d e v e l op e d languages set us (10)...AP3FR_.. from animals. (41) ...- ---- for these lan
could not communicate sophisticated or abstract ideas. (4 5 ther could we talk or write
lepeo e (13)..
or obj cts ++ inymediatel y present. (14)..WREFS... we restricted to discussing o
abou

already present, we would be G5 to make abstract generalisations about the world.

Science and technology

c knowl f
Oc = crc i s no a a (21
Which pat erro t bu sel seen th « iseme
S a an fd s
h, r t e ) . r
E l d
G

TAKE
ates
rcs cris (20)..28¥s REVOLUTION
HY. style o
thought which led to a science-based
e. edge wa it PLACE
, itm di helpbe re technical (22).innevaters INNOVATE
iaticann. ot experimentation
PMBthene S5 Ww... With the FRUIT
1.
i Our
weteenthight
century mo th bond(23).. between science and technology
~~ own time, the mutual (25).
d n ,
further. e Felians of one discipline upon STRONG/RELY
s.
 PRO aa Es |

S tions 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
Weenang
t the ew rd given.
o You must use between thre and e ght
e words. iincludi g t word giver:
n he
i ia example (O}-
c
ence.
s r: using the word given.
o
le
e you mind if | watch you while you paint? objection
Do you srees
a - yeu wh ile you paint?

ple: [6 [fave any objection to my watching

obody wants to buy second-hand computer equipment these days.

There is no call for second-hand computer equipment these days.

his letter clearly that you are to attend the meeting. P right
says This letter makes entitled . attend the meeting.”
clear your ri iBht to

34 son had borrowed her new bike. great

unlocked under any

35 You should never leave this door circumstances.
Under .. - left
unlocked.

There is every certainty that will have finished report by Monday. bound
. nd to finish/ have the by Monday.
finished the
report

e day she’s going to become a famous film star. matter

's only.. a matter of time before she b e c o m es 4 famous film
star.

subject
ome tre Filet will be subject to delay. because of the appalling weather conditions.

h make of car you choose. consequence

- make of car you choose.
— PROficiency Past PApers

ENGLISH - Parti

e ons 1-15, r ead the

uesti text below and think of the word which best fits each space.
ne w o r d in each pace
s .There is n eax m p l ea t the beginning
a O). (C

- other kind of image

tory (3). there
been . take these messages
in,

ed as a competitive medium of benefit (6) t=, - the public and efficient

nanMay be true that, in advertising, one par ular brand competes against
- true that such Ppublic YY images confirm and enhance others. That
ca wi hout saying but, ul imately, adverti
Bi as a system makes
- w
e transform o rse ves
u l
o our r lives, by buying
--82....... doing, we will ineM (42)way r another, e
something
o become SSpenbour money.Advertising show
people who

-constitutes glamour. And advertising

uest ons
i 1 -25. 6read t e t xth bele w. seo th worU givene in CAPITALS
d at th en e d of some of the
that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (O}-
to form a
Example: © += Mtelectualr
Science - is it only for the specialist?
was a time when, as an educated person, you would have been expected to discuss any
teHectual or cultural topic. You would have read the latest novel, been familiar with the INTEL
with the current state of art and music. You would | CONVER
A ideas in some (17)..--9SPEP_.. , should the subject | DEEP
ef issues related to the | INC
icant di scoveries accumulated, became
ult for any one person to keep abreast of developments across the entire
poin was reached where th pace
t INCREASE e
of progress was so great that a single br: became
etely (20)..P' to absorb the wealth of information. Scientists could no longer
POWER
a %. switch back and forth between disciplines as before. They became specialists. CONFI
ly-educated person today can still have a general (22). = of most of the specialisms, | AWARE
: the (23)..
t in x-. detai F xresearch workers are themselves immersed. Trapped
which
INTRICACY
their own special areas, the fall for most research scientists ABLE
- those
ate with : on areas bordering
working ‘ their
‘i Own, let alone tot
a
CONNECT
e Dece

stions 32-39.
que:change complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
the word given You m st use
. bet een
u thre and weight words ncl
e ding the word given.
, i u
b i a t exampl ) (O
ample:-;
n.s n e - x
2 ao very
Do you
6 p
you while you paint? obje
you while you paint?
ew
pon [Pave any objection to my watching
he police had to let the suspect go because n idence was produced.
m the Pea naw -- evidence produced.

he cost of building materials has a great deal recently. shar

up if - building materials recently.
By th

didn’t tell John the news until he had finished his meal for
a Ls . telling him the news.

Don’t let her relaxed manner deceive you; she’s an extremely shrewd businesswoman! tak
Don’t let - yourself be taker in by - her relaxed manner; she’ an extremely shrewd
businesswoman!

less the weather changes dramatically overnight, we’ll be leaving at dawn.

rovi ing .THEtS are no dramatic changes im the weather overnight, we’ be leaving at dawn.

Ss again.
hh. ing. . his aunt again.
aunt

ey gave Despina the impression that she would win first prize.
2S fed to: beliowe she would win first prize.
thnk.
 OF ENGLISH - Part 1
wil
jons 1-15, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in
Writ ey ur oanswers IN C PITA L LE ATERS.T
each

ch iar i perfectly unde stood.

anguages Change over a period o ft me, i for reasons (0) h w e m
Speech ---- form of human activity, that it cannot be regarded as
a
ity
it is more
.-exact to say that (3). ash generation behaves
ightl different manner from (¢ 4)
..- . d
pre ecess o a
tically
if5... rs.
ee
what
they often consider to be the stilted vocabulary and
pro- how
ation of (6)
. » as the years go by, some of that slang becomes standard usage
row far (9). 5 receptive
r to linguistic novelties, (10).- . that by the time they r
forties, they decry the slovenl:y
e speech of the younger generation.
langu
his res pect,- ge
asthea is ac little f informal clothes of one ge
ecome the everyday ear
th t of
t wthe (12).
U word g -i Simil
a rly,
capital a thjust mas any young doctors and of
w
i th space (11)
n th e e Th i a a n sms
(13).--S2°°¥Y.... out their duties in casual clothes, so expressi t once
which were e confined
n e e . e s n t int
slang and fam ar conversation are assimilated (15)... r normal vocabulary
= ec x o

end of some o th lines t form a

questions 16-25, read ex below. se the iven Write ou
y answers I CAPITAL LET
that i same lin re example the f e o
Ee r Be) N
Exampl tl ft Cc w ie be (Ea Ee eT
beginning (@).
en Ga
Mount Mulanje
the hest mountain in (0) CENTRAL Africa, part of a range] | CENTRE
: fo
t s

St

of the longest Sheer rockface in Africa, demanding for even the most ski (20). mesx*)
ation for this dramatic geography ies in the rock: a hard Branite, very resistant to (21)-2' MOUNTAIN ERODE
f2n_. | which contrasts with the softer rocks of the pl
itors remain on the lower, gentler slopes, making use of forest huts for
a c c o m m o d a tni o h. T e trek up f the oothills
, along
c l lear y define
d hpat is
s, not CHALLENGE |
2). Shatlenging, put may tak e up to a week. PERCEPTIBLE
climate cools gradually, almost (23)-TPSTSEPUPIXvithevery few metres of altitude] DIVERSE/SPLENDID
NB 48% of fauna and flora is revealed in all its (25). petemcdioms:
Z e d
aan*Geor
\
oo
_-.
retold Papers

stions 32-39, complete the second sentence

change
que: so that it has a similar meani Ing to the first sentenc
th word given Yo must us between thre and eigh words includin th word given
dnogiven.
o i Here is an example (O}.
t e . u e e t , g e .
mpl
° D yo mind if | watch you while
u paiyo n objection
DO
o u - riee t? . YOU While you paint?
r
er ple: Or |[Pave any objection to my watching
e
v
ithout the enew training programme, Fred would never have made the first team.
Had .. it mot been for __ -- new training programme, Fred would never
v
the have made the first team.

It’s none of your business what | do with my meney!’, Dimitra informed her father. con
Dimitra informed her father that what she -@

was about to leave the office when Tomasso phoned. poi

Tes the. ps ‘©... when Tomasso phoned.

had only just got into my car when I remembered 1 hadn’t switched off the kitchen so
ligh
No seoner had! got into my car than 1 remembered I hadn’t switched off the kitchen on
t.
er
7

nise completely ignored her elder sister’s advice. not

ly) Oo. was her elder sister’s advice.

his is ..moet the first time (thatSally h. FEM. away from home.
)

ople know more about the books Henri writes than the songs he sings.
enri’s ..... a writer,
‘
better
than a
singer. -er-
—?
have been told that you have been late for work every day thi week. brou
e. OM. that you have been late for work every day th week. ght
 ELS
p 3 USE OF ENGLISH - Part 1
ER
questions 7-15, rea d the text
lo be w and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only
ae. There sian xae pm e l the
at be in ing
g (0n). Writ y ur an
e wers
o IN sCAPIT L LE TERS. A T
word in each
Ee bea eee) a ea, ET EP Sr Ee are
Nothing’s New In Medicine
roughout the ages, disease has stalked (0) our species, Prehistoric humans must quickly have
3 could be eaten without danger, and how to avoid plants that could (2)... Bring... about iliness. They f
es, berries and the bark of different trees that could actually heal wounds and cure the sick, and
..sbie/sm.) Soon became a special skill to understand natural medicine.
er (4). the dawn of history, medicine men and wise women have always been expert in
ating diseases and have dispensed medicine with ritual and magic. (5) lho" Strial and
or they
vered treatments for almost (6).-systy/avx affliction prevalent at the time-The precious recipes for
arations which could relieve pain, stop fits, sedate or stimulate were (7). -Pass|ed_.. down from gen-
ion to generation, (8)..<ahtheush there was (9).---.29. exact understanding of the way in
... the medicines worked. Nevertheless, (11)-...-4dsspite... the power of these primitive

s, generations were still ravaged by disease.

2) @vsRuties the last 150 years, scientists and doctors, (13)-- whast. work has focused on these
y medicines, have learnt that their power derived (14)...- - certain chemicals which were
a
er E
TL
e bal remedies or could be synthesised in the laboratory. In just (15). avsh.. - a way,
advances in
rn medicine continue, aided by the discoveries made centuries ago by our ancestors.
t 2
16-25. read the t ex t b elow. Use the word given capitals at end of some of the lines to
fits in the sp ace in the same fine. The er is an xeam p le at he b eginning (O}. Writ e our
y a ns w e r s IN C PITAL
A
estions Es] Ee] in Ee) GE) Gt Fe) Fe) (eet Bg the form a word
ample: t E T
Pe co
so
co
Power Naps
e napping is an (0) EFFECTIVE and under-used tool. It is a quick, intense sleep which EFF
dramatisalz... improves alertness. These naps are especially useful for those whose sleep is DRAM
ained by a (17)...demanding.... schedule; for example, mothers of small children or EXE
ling business (18)...exesutives. ~ However the cGnditions must be right and practice is CUT
E

Power naps should be short, between is ten and twenty-five minutes, to prevent (19)-diserientation ORIENTATE impossible to
asleep in such a short time, but
of the habit is simply a question of practice. At the (21 ). spss8nes, - itis ACQUI
mportant to relax for a while than actually fall asleep. RE/
OUT
er napping is not a good idea if you find it difficult to wake up at the (22)....designated_
or have problems sleeping at night after a power nap in the day. The kind of dozing that can DES
NpANY.... a sensation of overwhelming (24).-S! Pe not a true power nap, but a
IGN
ate attempt to compensate for a poor sleep routine.
ever, with practice, you will find that power naps can lead to a welcome
COMPA
.. --- of your performance when you need it most. NY/
SLEEP

ENH
ANCE
ieee

qu ce
chang the
estionsw rd giv
32-39.en. YOU Must
complete e behween
theUssecond Inra soAnd
sentence that ords
SGhet Wit , INIIGAG
has a similar ning oe
temeaword to the first
re Ser
i
s an example e
(O}- o I h
ple r xam
nten . using the ° Do you mind if | watch you while you paint? objection
r
Do ouare_— y . . you wh ile you paint?

A
ample: [© |[#ave any objection to my watching

My sister needed more than three hours to finish her homework last night. ov
It .t9 Lo. fi) her homework last night.

I couldn’t find a parking space this morning. an

was ..wpnd anywhere.
te fiakis to park this morning.

I don’t intend to wait here all morning. in

1. ierating,
f here all morning,

he two children began to argue fiercely about who had damaged the bicycle. br
the two children about who had damaged the bicycle.

ty but not the way she manages her staff.

dis! - the way she manages her staff.

anet seems to me to be very As happy in her new job. aw

far_as Um aware __ - Janet is very happy in her new job.

computer breakdown was blamed for the delayed dispatch of A the brochures. reason in dispatct
computer breakdown was given as the reason for the dela
the brochures.

The
e sequel to the best-seller was a great disappointment to the public.
sequel to the best-seller .- ef the publ
ew Proficiency Past Papers JUNE 200>
|
3 US OF ENGLISH - Part 1

questions
e. There s an7-15,
xamp read
e the the text(0).
begin ing belowWritand think
y ur of the
answers IN Cword
PIT which best fits each space. Use only o
L LE TERS.
c in each Eagl
i e: PS]
e l at n e o
Pay pay fey Pap eS. EP Ere et Er eeA A T
Urban Sparrows
g the last 25 years, Britain’s urban sparrow population has declined by as (0) MUCH as two-thirds, and the bir
disappeared from many of (1)....-..--.JtR.. -- former Haunts. The decline has been blamed on (2).2oth na. from
pesticides. Moreover, modern buildings have far (3).----. F2.R....--.-.--- few nooks and crannies (4).
the birds can nest. Factors
-------HIB_.-...-. these may well be involved, but alone they (6).-----faul --- to explain the seve
ecline, or the fact that other urban birds have been less affected.
Summers-Smith is the world’s leading expert on sparrows, so when he (7)$9:PSS4Same.. up with
ory to explain their decline, it has to be (8)-......Wwerth. - listening to. He suggests that the
it
Chemical added to unleaded petrol. It would be deeply ironic if a policy that was intended
ve the nation’s health (9). WaASflwWere..... to prove responsible for the decline of (10).......
s favourite species.
FAIND... to Summers-Smith, social species such as the sparrow require a minimum population in a specif
eed successfully. If, (12) + whatever reason, numbers drop
....Rslow.... threshold, the stimulus to breed appears. The most dramatic example is the
ger pigeon, (14).2st¢which. - in the late nineteenth century went from (15)... --Peins.
rorld’s most common bird to total extinction within 50 years.
E
T
ue tions s 16-25 read , the t t b ex el th word g ve e i n the e nd of some of
Tits in the space in the same ow. Use
line. There is an in ple
exam capitals
at atthe beginning
rit our(0). W
a swers e IN yC PITAL
n L
es to form a word Exampl
a A E T | i] Fl I LE Ey ee ep eal
The Meaningc of Dreams os s g
the early (0) T W E NofT I E T H entu' m t cie! ts ar ued that dreams were gnoth °8 | co) WENTY e
r a n d o m jumble
ccumulation of our cdaily
o m p l e t e l y (16
lives. Since the ce mages remainin from the s nso-
jea that dreams have meaning in their own way | | 46) COMPRE
po ular, (17)...PSp ¥sholegists.. have proposed (18)... SOURTNESS..... theories to | 48) COUNT
HOLOGY explain the logic of dreams.
ewildering nature of this logic reflects the primary source of the dreams outside the
enfines of the conscious mind. A dream withi
can be a response to events in the outside
o r it can (19).@riginets.... , n expressing
aspects o the dreamer’s deep-seated | (149) ORIGIN
ngs; it a c f
ulf desire o hi ghlight un
resolved e motions
f th in dreamer’s l No
d n il s contradictions
the r imp! in these complex processes
e are reflected in i t (20) EXPECT
ntax of dreams. Often (21).....nigamstic....,halting and fragmentary, the language f can (21) ENIGMA
ms can warp time, bringing together historical and contemporary figures. I i mix
miliar with the (22).. -, and work fantastic transformations et t own | (22) KNOW
by
o magi Scenes i dreams merge 23R¥StS£I2Msly._. into one another, as in . s
certain | (23) MYSTERY
People
f c. or animals mayn fly or inanimate things may move (24independently and (24) DEPEND
t out of such complex and contrary (25PSPR2nings.. that the meanings of dreams | (25) HAPPEN
o be teased.
 notachange the word
example ) given you m si use bet een thre and eight words, Including the word giver:
i
questions 32-39, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
s n . . u w e
tence,
r using the word
(0 given.
mp
Do you mind if | watch you while you paint? eb
DO YOU oeveeee
seer cere aes .. you ile you paint?
wh
ample: [0 [fave any objection to my watching |

Marta is of the opinion that her boss has accepted a job abroad. ru
According to Marta, her boss .48..F¥Ume! - a job abroad.

ames never really expected the plan to be a success. of James had little =P. Pe

Louise is an expert in all aspects of the business except marketing. exc

ASS ePtion.of marketing... Louise is an expert in all aspects of the business.

iko really enjoys going for swim every morning. on

What Niko a .{doing) - going for a swim every morning.
w..¥s:

This new radio is not at all similar to the previous model. bear
This new radio ...pears. ious model.

ydia went to London so that she could brush up her English. rea
lydia’s .reasen fer. going to. London was - that she wanted to brush up her English.

nagers intend to consult their staff about job descriptions. are

Staff ane.t9e.Re.consvlted. ebest. job descriptions
. by their managers.

t is quite obvious that we shall have to work faster in order to finish the project on time. esc
There is po. escaping. the. fact. (that) we shall have to work faster in order to fir h the project on time.
 e.questions
There s an1-15.
xamp read
e the the text(0).
begin ing below
Writand think
y ur of the
answers word Lwhich
IN CAPIT best fits each space. Use only
LE TERS.
c i e l at n e
d in each Exampl es Se Sy) Ge ieee boy eae bey ES eS et ES Es ey o A T
Tourism in Antarctica The icy
scapes of Antarc
here sights to equal its vast icebergs and ice perhaps the shelves, situated within (2).
savage ocean of (3) al. , the Southern Ocean. Yet, (4)..-.
ful, the icebound continent of Antarctica is, of (5). seurse. -, deadly in winter, when the
eme cold can quickly kill the unprotected, particularly when blizzards occur. Surprisingly,
haps, little (G)-..--..2f... -- any snow falls during these snowstorms. Snow is simply picked (7)-
he ferocious wind and blown across the surface ice, causing blinding conditions in
...-even large objects no (9) lta --- than a metre ahead may become indistinguishable.
t, du 8 the comparative calm of the Antarctic summer, ordinary people now brave the conditions in
on (10)....38....----.- tourists aboard cruise ships. They come for the scenery and for the wildlife,
... of which are spectacular. (41 2)....R€SPite..... the fact that conditions are relatively calm at this time of ye
engers are told ‘to keep one hand free’ so that they can always grab something to steady (13) themssiven.
should suddenly hit ice. For the same reason, top
s come (14). straps to secure the sleeper in place. In addition, (15).
storms abound in the Southern Ocean, lifeboat drill is always taken very seriously!

r
que tions
s 16-25,
n the read
sa e the
l e.text below. Use the atword
he given
beginniing capitals
(O}. Writ nat
ourthe
a end
swersofINsome of E
L
T
fits in space
the i m Theine is an r xamp e e l t e y C PITAL
n
emple:to form
lines [TO] a COwordM O
A E T
DMY Fe —I
Does Your Computer Understand You?
, people spend more time (0) INTERACTING with computers than with each other. | (0) ACT Net that computers
ce. Regardless of whether we love or hate them they are
. different... to our moods. How much better if they knew how we felt. Take the | (16) DIFFER
ur computer is set up. You get everything operating (17).--flawlessly. -- when, | (17) FLAW
s what, me to upgrade. But should the individual suffer such (18) (48)
CONVENIENT
much better if the machine could Customise tself, acknowledging the user Ss require—
s and adapt g its behaviour (19). accordingly 9) ACCORD
act © able to d tinguish, respond disé Gets areas Ganamianiemationslictite
20). es. The prerequisite for a responsive computer is some | (20) TELL
of pinpointing these emotions. (21)...A&% ttedly | iis Possible to hide the out- | (21) ADMUT
signs. However, the equivalent of a lie detector for computer users has been des! gned,
(22)....€ heart rate and muscle tension. Anger, for example, has a note- | (22) VALUE
y pattern of high muscle tension, increased heart rate and deep breathing.
(23) Sheming.... in on such patterns, researchers found they could discriminate | @3) HOME
een e ‘a motions witharound ei hty g per accuracy. H o w e v e r , on
centtruding/intrustv , of sensors, t
e problem needs to
4)... that is, the (25 — Ue aped to t e fingh rs e | (24)
/ to monitor the pulse. People won't wear this type of gadgetry at work. Or will they? (25) INTRUDE
how WA OW = Parnes s ‘ I ars ]
SESS SS EMBE
[sors l
r
eque tions 32 39, compl te
ven second
You m sent
st use bet so
ence een tha
thret it
and has
ei ht words. ncluding
is s nchang -
example e the a similar methe word to
aning giver.
° net e the ( ).
word gi . u w e g
he
e first
a sentence,
0 using the word given
mple:
D yo mind i | watc yo whil yo paint? eb
DO
o Vu
OU nn eeeccneeeeneennnen
f h u e u - you wh . ile you paint?
I was st ang tha t é
mpl
t
[© have any objection to my watchi iz ]
t h

It was strange that the Prime Minister did not mention the inflation figures in his speech.
r e e Prime Minister - reference
made no reference to
figures in his speech. - the inflation

he secretaries won’t be happy unless they get a substa I pay rise. le

Nothing - ha
- sat fy the secretaries

nly a handful of people came to the meet tur

Hardly . anyone turned out/up for the meeting.

aul’s employer allowed him to take the day off. giv

Paul .. 5 - his employer to take the day off.

na gave the impression that she was It just about to make a complaint. if
looked .....35.if Tina was atjon - the point of complaining.

ere didn’t appear to Alexei to be any reason for the scratch his car. app
lexe felt there .....7.9. apparent reason wh on - been scratched.
was Scar had

oria has accepted that she’ll probably never achieve her ambition. ter
--- that she’s unlikely ms
ever to achieve her ambition.

smin did the very best she could to ensure that the party was a success. pow
asmin did .. everthing in her pewer. to ensure that the party er
was a succes
 SH - Part 1

questi -15, read th ext below and thi k of t e word which best fits e ch space. U
ons s 1an
e. There a e t n h a se only
i exa],mplea at edthe“ beginn
Ca eing
st (0).
e T Write
U your
e r t answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS.
amplh T t e a
word in eachfoe b T ESI
Forecasting the Weather w
o
ther, with (Q) ifs perpetual Changes and ability to surprise, is a constant reminder that this
i
o
2 a continual State of flux, (2). . Our attempts to
S ol id nor as s u b s t a n t i a l as w e w o u l d control it. Weather is a
like to b e l i e v e , a n d that o
our world is (3).."¢ither as
elves a permanent and —
nder
s
unchanging is totally false. > x» Aou 2S
4)...ffF8t..... glance, the scientific part of forecasting the weather does not seem
oncult, given that a t m o s p h e r i c m o t i o n s follow certain laws of physics (6)..to= be a (5).2
- existence!
to meteorologists for years. t r
been

hat (7)..35 may, they still cannot describe these motions anyw
u c
h e r e near a c c u r a t e l y (8)
rovide us with a truly reliable 2 4 - h o u r forecast all the time, m u c h (9).!€8S.... a f da fo
ecause, (12)
ulation (10). . . m-a kmosti n g m other
a s u r esc
m ientists,
e n t s in a meteorologists are atnot
r in e n va (11)
controlled abo i e n tP!
, or th
reason
ive- y sthat recas ..By......
theyt. have
Thi (13) . - e
laboratory to e x p e r i m e n t i . l
Their r o
laboratory y is the atm
a, theto o nve
e . w i n d o w . T h e y m u t s t d y it to b sn
right ( 1i4 ) . . 2 M t s i d e . the E
T
f e
s u o erve how it behaves, and
verify their calculations. In (15)..2ther... words, they must observe th
a v w e a t h e r n to only to fo
also to ev luate their pre ious forecasts.
it,
Wa siade ot Dior =o

question s 16 -25, read the text below. Use the word givenin c apitals
e e at th nd of some of the
its in th e sp
ace n ithe same li e. The
n e isr an xampe e atl eginni
the b g (0) nrit our swers
. W a e y IN nC PITAL L
to form a wo d
A E T .

A Wonderful Performance With a

xpe nces etch themselves so sharply on our memory that they form totally
moments of (23)"nfexss#
(0) CLARITY in our recollection. One night, many years ago in California, | lay lis able
awake
tening to the (16)..rapturous Strains of a mockingbird singing from an almost invisible -
performance.
o i one o th ta tree tha were dotted around the suburban
To follow
n f e ll s t neighbourhood
where I was living. | don’t suffer from insomnia - it was the exquisite (17)....27tS5t¥_. such singing
of
ge tha kep me awake. As | followed its (18).. PBIY.... constituted
t t effortless melodies, a challenge
I was amazed to find myself listening to a highly (19). of the kind |
ed | and
am regularly
entertaining
(24)
performance, something I would never have (20). foreseen |
senfrented.
The bird’s achievement was mu with in
SBPEESSIVE that I listened
Whe listening to
tely without moving, demanding
indow. (22).5P: md_as one improbable variation followed another through the
music, and the
Finally I fell asleep full of pr: © for the artist who had just mockingbird’s
entertained me
e

CLEAR _ eet RAPTURE.

ARTIST SEEM
ACCOMPLISH SEE
IMPRESS SPELL

FORGET FRONT worTH

 questions 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
not chang the
e w rd
o given. You must use between thre and ee ght words,
i includi g te word
n given.
h
e is an example
ng the word given.
).pl :
° e
Do you mind if 1 watch you while you paint? ob
Do you ...... . you ile you paint?
wh
mple: [0 [have any objection to my watching

The youth project will only be successful if villagers support it.

The youth
depends
project .. depends on the villagers” support for jiismacess:

ayla found the horror film amusing, but not in the least bit frightening. be
bei 16 frist . by the horror film.
Y

n couldn’t decide whether to book the hotel by the beach or the one nearer town.

Jon ...was. torn between booking. __. .. the hotel by the beach or the one nearer town. ~

Manaaf was not the only person to volunteer for extra basketball practice that week. al
Manaaf . i $B... for extra basketball practice that week.

rancesca w: s about to call taxi when the airport bus finally showed up. po
Francesca .. a { th PRP £ 4 - a taxi when the airport bus finally showed up.

Ramon puts h lack of energy down to the hot weather.

Ramon . blames hi lack of enerzy on
on
been on sick eave, ’ve the hot weather.
lve f un it very
hard
Whatever you feel about the prospect of moving house, you may have changed your mind by the end of
Regardless Ys J ‘ about the prospect of moving house, the
you may have changed your mind by the end of the week. wee
k.

cu
rr
en
t

ince my assistant has l had great difficulty getting all my work done. ke
o d to/difficult to keep h - all my work since my assistant’s been on sick
leav
.uestions
a There s an 7-15, th
xamperead le
the ebegin
textd
in below
(O). an word which best fits each space. Use only one word
i
of the Exampl at n g in each
BY] EE er (-
E J Co
)ea of trying to imagine (0) WHIAT sort of animals wi iving on our planet in thousands C
--lf.....2----------.- Mot Millions of years’ time s e e m s at (2)
ossibly imagine -- what's in store so (3).- seee--------
n the future? of be
team to
The Sight futile.
BESS.
tists
-- Work on this question is to be published soon have, all (5)-, she
applied a great (6) --- more than guesswork (7) - the

f them, specialising (8)- ------- a different scientific discipline, has used

tanding
past to figure (9).....2uf a --. all the environments that may be available to future life forms. By stud
e ages and mates, they have deduced the (10). avis w

n, they claim they can predict (11). life will adapt to fit the new
gical condi-
. e e b e n s e
2) ..Pr u ht._......about y th se Cha ge . B cause there is a series of r les gover ing evolu-
in the past, it requires no great leap of faith to look in the other direction. The
n
t is a collection
weird-looking creatures. (13).. houphy = the scientists admit they may be wrong, they say it is the
..RSst - they can come up with, based on what they know, with just a little imagina
in for really (15). - measure.

uestions 16-25, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to fo
ts In the space n
i the sa m
e l e.
inThe e r
is an xamp
e e at
l he beginning
t (O).
Example: [] PI OI eI Mee OCICIL de iat Weal
The Attraction of Maps People often ask
any map is made at all I's a good question.
ly developed (0) VISUAL sense of expression is by no means a universal attribute, (9) VISION
es everybody easily translate a mental mage or real landscape into a plan. Many
are bafiled rather than (16)..221ieh! .--- by a map. Although maps have an 16) LIGHT az)
. history, from the earliest times onwards, their variety and adaptabil- | (17) INTRIGUE
e always been (1B).....dismissed) ., rather unjustly in my view, as a fairly a8) MISS
nsignifi --- and minority form of (20)....BFaPpbic@h, a (19) SIGNIFY/(2
ever, for collectors or map historians, it is the intimacy of each map and the per-
ties and circumstances behind its (21)...S@PsspHon - that offer both challenge (21) CONCEIVE
ward. The challenge of map history derives less from studying the quite
ing... level of draughtsmanship needed to create a map, than from under- | (22) STAND standing the human
@BNE.............---.required and the motives of those who (23) PUT
d and used maps in the past.
of the best known maps of the earth’s surface was developed by a Flemish
JREoraes. .-. in the sixteenth century. His cylindrical projection, known as (24) GEOGRAPH
or’s projection, was named after him and is still used today for navigation charts.
re drawn on a blank surface, but not with a blank mind; they (25)...2%2mPHfy._........ | (25) EXAMPLE
of vie Ww, not simply a physical viewpoint.
i New Proficiency Past Papers

questions 32-39. complete the second sentence so wthat it has a similar meaning to the first sente
net change the word given You
. m st uuse bet een thre and eight ewords, ncluding the wordi given.
e is an example ). (0
xamp :
word given.
Do you . °o Do you mind if | you
watch
wh you while you paint? eb
ile you paint?

O have any objection to my watching

ed me she would pay the money back the following day. wo
Tanya - oh that she would pay
the money back following
the day.

ve been thinking about it all week, but 1 s I haven’t made a deci

all week, but I sti haven’t

It was the largest sporting event the city had ever witnes su
Never ......had the city (ever) witnessed such a large sporting event.

s
U raise the matter a soon as th
e op portunit y arises,’ Giovanni. up
Giovanni said he .- weuld bring the matter up - aS as the opportunity
said Soon arose.

Th
e sh will clo s e d own whatever o ur feelings may be.
op
h esh op is .S. ertai
n to close / closing do wn whether ew like it or not.
ike

In the light of the recent theft of two computers, we will obviously

be tightening our security arrangements.
_Bees without saying that
saying
In the light of the recent theft of two computers,
we will be tightening our security arrangements.

aymond has never lost to Joe at chess before today.

- at chess by Joe.

hig
its... approved.

hE
e EES | PAPER 3 USE OF

uestions
There s an1-15, read the
example text
at the below and
beginning [op think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word
.
a i
h
pte: (FF) [oy LI 1 6 Co bo eo eo co) oor oor co
Alaska
e could fail (0) to be enchanted by this land of icefields close to the Arctic Circle. The name
a is
salmon, frequent sightin
from Alayeska, a native American Indian word. Wildlife is abundant: there are rivers teeming (1) -Will e
and wolves
ctacular howling
of all, migraining
thewhale
night, (2) out
leapin --09f.... to mention seals, porpoises and,
of he sea
s g t .
is the largest American state and (3).-AU.... but three of America’s highest peaks are found within
es, in (4 ) AMdiianto the two most extensive National Forests and (5) 3OAIR.. active glaciers than in the
f the inhabited world put (6) -togriher yet amazingly, most of this magnificent country remains a true
ness and, contraryo t ex
p ecta tion, isv isit ed by very
( 7) -. u to
ng coastal stretch of southeast Alaska (a) -KTO8W? as the Alaskan Panhandle has almost (9) ---N9....
(10).998S._ ave a hcalm waterway run ing along (11 )-.--3I -..
n length called the InsideS Passa e, which is
for shipping. The main port i thes ity of cKetch kan, renowned
i 12) .1nt...( he tiny
-- houses twhich cli g
sly onto the
Ketchikan (14)steep
£4M€__ hillsides,
into being linked
during by mining
the wooden era
staircases,
in the some
late (13) ..8@....
nineteenth extensive
century, but ha achi
od y (15) ..AS.... he home of an impressive collection of native American Indian
cts.a . t
tions 16-25 read the t t be ow. Use th word g ve in
n
they have street
s

s , ex l e capitals at the end of some of the lines to form

ts in space in the same line. There ts an a word
i n beginning
ple: example at the [9] mo SE ee fi Ee
(0). Et oo

Madame Tussaud and the History of Waxworks

ks have long stood at the (0) CROSSROADS of high and low culture, a disturbing (o) CROSS
.US8AS¥. mix of art and junk. Wax figures were used in Greek and Roman funeral (46) EASE
a7
ions and by surgeons as (17).2981teMmical yodels for medical lectures. They also ANAT OMY
to ten ert
a in the public i w th their portrayal y ofy ro alt rand va ious. (18) 5 (48) CRIME
ndeniably | one of the most important exhibitions of waxworks today is that of
p ng ith famous,
e as) DENY @o)
Tussaud’s, deP ict ast andp prese t. The ncol ectio l n
t hilippe
iginated Wi h Curtius, who made wax figures in France in the 1770s. ORIGIN ew)
Grosholz, the daughter of Curtius’ housekeeper, (21)!Mherited the business HEIR
4 . Marie then married ra F cois
n s
Td saud but his role in the busines s was purely
, in 1802, she moved to Britain without her hu: and but with her waxworks.
t of any competi ion through her
ahead t 2) fommitment.to realism a d h r inv n e @2) COMMIT (3)
in (23)a8uthenticltty, Which included buying original costumes, jewellery and other AUTHENTIC
bilia.
@a LAST es)
PUBLIC
t t s t e t M
gevi
f. y ofwaxworks
Her the exhibi
hadionmany
ha been at ribut
rivals, butd to he hard
hers havework of adame Tussaud
(24)9UHasted them all,as a result of
rseverance, her understanding of the times, and her remarkable talent r fo
ublicity _
 roticiency Parr Papers CNS |
oestions 32-39, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to theword
first g
e ht words.
s c h a n g e the word given .You m stu use bet eenw thre and ei g including the given
example
an usin
ce. the (0).
word given.
.

Ate. nnnow "tuntil he reached . the other side of the river that John realised how
dangerous the cros ing had been.

discussions about the footballer’s possible transfer failed to make any progress. made
No. the discussions about the foot baller’s possible
transfer.

What I'd most like to do at the moment is to have a good sleep. At rath
the moment there’s - have a good sleep.

nella was really delighted to win first photographic competition.

To her . prize in the
.. great delight Pinella won great
. first prize in the photographic competition.

h t fi m
Olaf at t’s wor
od tthat with
surprised negotiations proceeded so smoothly.
the h which .. the negoti ons proceeded surprised Olaf.
“Ties. _3! thi

l is so go h i th seeing once. dese

film as . good as that de more than once.
han
you r trainers n he hoe ack.

The number of pu: s studying physics has gone down over the past ten year decl
There - has _ been a decline the number of pupils studying physics in the
past ten years.

I can’t remember how many times I’ve told you to put Ive lost -. o t s r
soun n.of ttih et u m b e r of - ve told you to put your trainers
shoe rack. number
on the
 iency Past Papers <sS yaa oleras a]

NGLISH - Part 1
1-15, read the text below and thinkthof e wordchwhi
bes f t its each space.
eywo rd in ea ch pace
s .There i
s n ex
a mp a t the
le abegi .
nning (O)
o [iT
Slteeping Problems
’s sleep can provide you (0) wit h a real boost. As a gene ar l ( 1)...--5HL S..... -- p
----., eopl who sleep
lter concentration levels and are) (2 .
y .i l keloy tbe irritable than those who

and turning. Indeed, lack of sleep has a bad effect on one’s health. Sleep
eans that it (3).---PA KES... the body a greater length of time to heal itself and to shake (4).....2ff..
aeee--es
ts such as coughs and colds.
arder for women to get to sleep than it is for men. Smokers also have difficulty; they can spend as long as an
ll asleep, (5) .. With the average 15 minutes for a non-smoker.
+--
tions have been put forward to help people understand (6)...--P@YY.....----.-.the problem of getting
+. With. For people who regularly ()... ad . sleeping difficult,
eating something
- going to bed can help. People should refrain (10)....£9%. -
e late evening and opt (11)... . a
er than cola, coffee or tea. However, (12)..----if...
s n bed, you are st unable to sleep, the best (13)....£biPs. to do is to (14).---.-BIYS.

ng, and read a book for half an hour (15). so before trying again.

1 -25.6 read te txt bel

h w.e se tho wor given
U ine CAPITALS
d at th en e d of some of
ts in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
’
orma
Example: © [sole ]
Dress Codes
dress (0) sofely to please themselves. Although some individuals in society SOLE must
plete uniformity of dress, such as mi ary personnel or (16).-2 ee EMPLOY ef
chains, most of us mix personal taste with a des re to fit in with our social or
- peer group. occuPry
speaking, an advertising agency more relaxed in its attitudes to dress than, say,
offices of an (18). . . Those working in the financial sector recognise | COUNT
of their sobriety through a conservative outward INSTINCT
magazine’s art director, conversely, may feel obliged to dress with a certain level of
(20).+ n order to live up to the expectations of colleagues
and clients. | ECCENTRI
eople adopt in the modern workplace can often spill over into social life.
end to select like-minded friends and (21) MLANSES.. who share their soci. ACQUAINT
d, therefore, styles of dress. And it would be a mistake to think that
g are (22). - by such concerns. Youth culture is often just as rigid and AFFECT
------ in its attitudes as any other tightly knit group QW sharing the same aspirations and SS - FLEX
, a young person forced to dress amanner (24). to his or her own | ACCEPT
ces almost certain social (25)-. EXCLUDE
 eae SSS relors al

ions 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. using th
th ang e the word given. You must use between three and eight words. including the word given.
o
n, Here is an example (0).

u mind if | you while you paint? objecti

ou . watch - you while you paint?
ave any objection to my watching

ough she tried very hard, Samantha failed to get into the athletics team.
matter how hard s he t A . Samantha failed to get into the athletics team.

s the first time that Toby had been mountain walking. previou
had - of mountain walking.

k you pa too much for the repairs to your bike. got

k you _.sould have got your © repaired . more cheaply.

told she would have to share her until some other office with the new secretary

gement could be made. Arianna was told time

ould have to share her office with the secretary
new

's arrogance annoys me What more than anything else about him. annoying
- seseee-+- arrogance.

thinks the only thing he can do is buy a new bicycle. alternat

thinks he --- to buy a new bicycle.

granted
ould - that Ill always be able to lend you money.

re inadequate to pay for the to be on. cover

aren’t .: ffi concert put on the concert.
sagh fund: hh
 tions 7-35, erad the text below and think of the word which best fits each
a beginning ).(O
ey one word i n each s pace . There is na e x mpale t the
l
.
Exampte: [6 about
Language Learning
o th extraordinary thing (0 about language is the way we take t for (1).
given fact .--- being able to breathe. This s inevitable and, to w
--f e s ) o
. a certain
r (4).
- perhaps, even desirable. If every t me we spoke we were struck,
the
ness of the words we were using, but additionally by the fact that we had the capacity to
. speak or never (6 ge JAov.
_ al we would probably ). t Gnything done. Knowledge
advances by
l,
making certain learning processes automatic, but in so (7)... it also hides
user o ou nativ language, th processes b (8) h
their very e stence
from us. Once we have become s f r
experienced e e y .
learnt to identify words disappear.
y t l a n g u a g e ca en ev e r b e c n ome so automatic (9)- .- to be entirely
bodily function
e exp erie
instinctive. It is different
they are feeling. su h as breathing, which we do (10) heut... conscious thought.
Everyone has
s o au
nce at some time or (11)..---.--28BSE..... of not being able to find the right
it i to express
Indeed, words s would
on e of the frustrations of language . If only the right word
tomatically to mind when we are angry, for example, (13)..---instsad ----- Of
Occurring to
(14). MS.......--. afterwards, when it is usually (15)... tee. late!
Part 2
ons 1 For
-25,questi t tint 6bel
read fits thhewor
w. se in exgiven ion CAPITALS
U aet th en d example at the beginnin
o
dthat r the space the same line. There is an
d of some of the lines to forma
(0). example:
Clive Nichols - New Photographic Exhibition
Clive Nichols has always produced unusual photographs of the natural world, bute win his N
Shoots exhibition there is a truly (0) extraordinary picturethe skin of a chard. N o w | O R D I N
that shows
armle here the skin looks
pvely (16) . ...SPrs t
a chard seems a rather h ss and indeed uncomplicated vegetable, yet
as n (47).
chols certainly regards N.e w. Sho tsa ening. ers EXCEP
o f.
o a c p onal project.
have
Certainly, he main
He
calls it an (18)....indulsen se...... but | think he’s being a bit hard on himsel
se the photographsis not e planatory M a n y f them re ltra
of x .m o a u lose-
t
ups, and are
the plants in some = . In addition, some o b v of
i o the us
RECOG
l but fthat’s
he al
exhibip art
ion. o ic tols t N h is c oncerned
flaws SE
PRIMA
PERFECT
with texture, form, colour and, of course, light.
All the pictures are taken out of doors in natur al light; some of the lighting ld effects wou
certainly be extremely (22)..-52™ BIDE... to reproduce in a studio. rAnd howeve CHALL
the images look, he swears that been they ha ven’t
subjected to digital CONV
 m pulation. Consequently, all the (24)--. rime: in the picture is that seen in nature.
a (25)...--24!SF.
rchitecture fromWEIRD .-. space in our
n like
So if a particular piec of
flower looks a e a
ili ’ work, t at’s
c what
s i
t h really does look like in the garden.

a
en |
w
ouestions 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first g
sentence, o
ot c h a n g e the word given. You must use between three and eight words, ncl ding
i u word
the given
the r
is an example (O}. d

g
i
v
e
n
.
ple
Do y ou mind ff | watch you while you paint? ob
Do you . you while you paint?
[ave any objection to my watching—

ly when he had Mr bought one for his daughter did Mr Jenkins take an interest in computers. unti
enkins took ne - one for his daughter.

nia nearly made the 200m final at the national swimming champ ships th year. clo
onia - 1 2.82. esse+e. Making the 200m final the national
wimming championst ps this year. at

think Mario should have studied Law at bet

think it . would have been better university. - Law at university.
Mario had

‘As there isn’t eno ugh time to discuss all the points on the agenda, let’s stop
ter point three,’ said the Chair. get
me is too . enacts -. all the points on the agenda,
so let’s stop after point three,’ said the Chair.

was only because I had such a lot to do I did not go camping last weekend. bus
Hadi - #. been se.hu1 sywy: that - Camping last weekend.
hays. 500

We won’t achieve anything simply by complaining to one another about

the lack of facilities for young people in the town. gai
There’s -+ 1.12. Rs oA A by... simply complaining to one another
about the lack of facilities for young people in the town.

t was only when Tomas reached the summit that the clouds lifted and
he was able to take a photograph.
Only when Tomas reached the summit { Ahe. clouds. lift. enabling take a photograph.
bim.te...

he public’s inter est in politics has dropped significantly in the last few years. de
There bas been.a significant. decling.in.. . the public’s interest in politics cl
in the in
e
last few years.
 eae Se | PAPER 3 USE OF ENG
c space 1
questions - 15, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use
am . her
T ais example a th beg nning i (O Q
one word e n t e ).
e:
P i oneers of TV Situation Comedy
t was (0) while, watch ng TV in New York many years ago that | first discovered the genius of
ucille Ball.
re have been ua wn comedies (1) ¢.... then that | have enjoyed, but there not (@) ..
we... that o
not owe a debt of gratitude to Lucile Ball. Much of (3) - is standard today in the genre was
invented
the programme / Love Lucy. It was first broadcast in October 1951, from which time it has always been
somewhere n the world. In the programme , Lucille plays a generous and well-mea:
pent-prone wife. So what led so (5). x lions of wers to tune (6) .
m the
yy begin Be
he first credit has to (7)... 82. . to the writers. Each week the y (8). mweuvid__.. begin with a
erfectly e deftest (10)....
usible omestic
d situation, such as Lucy (9) being . taken out to din ner. With th
to nonsense. The
ches, it appeared to take (11).......p9.. for Lucy to mov e from sense t
o
reasonable could b e c o m e perfectly absurd in (12) - matter of moments.
Before you knew (13) . , Lucy was locked in a truck or coping with a runaway caravan.
)....--F nsane all became, Lucille Ball had the ski never to (15). _flese --++++ touch with her au
was warm and human and you care d about her.
For questions 16 - 25, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals e d at
f s ot
lin es to form a word atthfi s in tthe space th in The e es an exarn
sa e elin . m r ile p
Write your answers IN CAPITAL LET ERS T
n o e inhabitants
the beginning O.
THE EARLY CULTIVATION OF THE POTATO
the (0) i habita INHABIT
vatedinaround years ago
7,000 Ande re ioby n
eThe potato around
plateau was first
La ecul ticaca the entral
k Ti C
op le, k n o w n as the A y mara, were heavily (16).....-.FSlisant g
--+-- n of
On South
the America.
potato, even These RELY ACCEPT
hough many wild species of the plant contained (17).¥# - levels of a sub- SUFFICE LIKELY
tance that not only mad e pot toes a t ast e bitter, but 8). was (1 isiently. COURAGE PREFER
onous to be dangero us ifn co n a a u it In
. likel
all (19)
h Aymara originall s umed i ny gre t q ant y.
i
y
selected potatoes on the basis of taste, thereby (20)S7SQHrasins
he less bitter species in (21) preférence . to others so that, over a period of
here was a reduction in toxicity.
The extreme climatic conditions on the plateau where the Aymara people lived
Pi~~ bled. . them to preserve part of their potato crop using a dehyd ration
dur h t e day e
d an t lef out to freez
roces T he potato aw s e xposed o t the sun ing
v e r n i ght. In this way, all the (23)... moisture . was removed and the potatoes were
educed to a dry powder, thus ensuring that they could be kept in (24)
ver a long pe d of time without any deterioration. The dried potato could be
ade into flour or reconstituted using water or milk, and it would have mad e a
airly thick and highly @5).-
a SSS SSS
erezerer ]
w
g
d
o
e stions 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has a d similar meaning to the first
sente ce. u ing t e
ot c hange the word given. You must use betwee n three n aeight words, includin the g word
s h r
© Here is an example
n.
mple:
i |
Do yo mind watch yo whil yo paint
f
u u e u ?

tion
Do you . you while you paint?

o ] have any objection to my watching

was you who broke the window, I’m sure,’ Tim s: Tim: .. to me. accu
eeused msiof breaking. . the window.

’t let your concentration slip during the lecture or you’ll miss the main points. pay
f you fail ...t2_P: miss the main points.

en that he had had a serious injury two months the race in earlier, Jack was really delighted to finish
the top three. del
Much to ..his delight, Jack finished the. racs us in the top three, despite having had a
injury two months earlier.

he amount of praise the actress received from critics took her by surprise. aba
The actress ...was. taken aback by. wsse-+- the amount of pra

here is no chance that we will reach the summit before it gets dark. of
e ... Rave. ne shance of reaching. - the summ™ before

've only recently begun to understand how important it is to speak a second language. app
Only .zesently have | begun to appreciate the importa of speaking a second language.

ve always said you should avoid making hasty decisions you'll regret later. rus
I've always said it’s better not ...29.ruSh. .. decisions you'll regret later.

has promised to introduce pedestrian

interests
crossings near schools.
The council ha: promised that in the terests of safety, pedestrian cross! - to be introduced
on reads near schools.

r
l otto) a ency Past Papers
- Part 1

hnuestions
space. 1h Tre 15, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use
- is
e an example at the beg nnini (O - g )
ne word
mple: [6] with]
urgh, (1)
e first city in Britain to be h o n oured (0) with, the title of “City of Literature’ was Edinb
d I lerary tradition stretches back for well (@) over 200 years. The city has been home or
birthplace Burns an J Row gg, of
d K ! Harry
umerous
r fame, writers,
and m a n(3) ..2™Ons _. them the Scottish national poet Robert
y (4) ..-- fa
mous oldinstreets.
into being, most notably the lateEdinburgh als
18th century
the city was witness (7) --.* - an expansion n cultural life.
---
r ha p n e
any autho s ve s oken o th () L . the city i fluenc s their work. The novelist lan Rankin
ten a series of novels . the action is seen (10) ..throush
to have w
f e Y
i dor t‘ r a d s
make ens o t he city’.
. Another
i w
is
n er often tscepy n e f
( 2)4 - val which is, in her opinion, utterly incomparable - unlike
o sin- o

uestions 16-25, read the t 0).

thatliterary th
The
Space in the s me lin
group which (14) ..PUt..
Th re s an Edinburgh’
forward for ning
the begi
xamp e at name the award, claimed that winning,

‘made the world sit up and (15) - 2Y........ attention to Scottish terature’.
ext below. Use the word given in CAPITALS
fits in e a e. e i e l lines to
xample:
the end of some of the
Lo Tease_| forma
(

Collecting Things
e urge to collect things as a (0) pastime is thought to be as old as human leisure self.
is the t h e m e of a riveting ne w boo k by Philipp Blom (16)... Sntitied To Have and
old, w h i c h c o m b i n e s a t h o rough investigati on of the his torical (17). to
ecting with an (18)..... OYSEView. _ of the various psychological explanations whi ch have
all. SIDE/
advanced for why collec ting c exists
h we at
co
DECORATE
ter all, ther is a se se in w hi
e . nspace in our homes for ulditerns tegorised
all bewecafeel are of as collectors. We set
(20).
.
istic merit, and we accumulate objects which have associations with happy memories such as
idays.
Blom’s
s the desire to bring order into the CHAOS
multiplicity
_ of things we s ee a o
r und u
s B a t f
reading
is left with the mp ression tht ther i more to t than . u that,
ter for historically there SIGHT
book, a e s c
u
> - about the extraordinary
ld we is a beautifully w tten book which provides many (3).
o issue far deeper than just the history of collecting; (24)...-
 ees <es ES |
estions 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the thefirst g
sentence.
t ch ange the word given. You must use between three and eight words, ncl ding
o i u word give
the word given.
s0 an examplei (O).
| watc yo
le: f h u while you paint?
yo mind
o u . you while you paint?
ou . objection

_|#ave ary objection to my watching |

diners only compli ed because of the slowness of the service.

d the service not - 2 . have complained.

not John’s fault that we arrived late. bla

Si be. med
late arrival

last time 1 saw 1 Bella was weeks ago.

anything
fe weeks.

price of bread has risen over the past two months. now
ead - it did two months ago.

less you can think of a idea, project likely to be cancelled. come

u’re going -. new the is a new idea or the project is likely
5 o.8 SEP. .....
SVEED
o be cancelled.

not given to being critical. natu

t’s f aveemeas

seems likely that the security guard did not realise back gate was open. been
he The security guard appears ...22_7: a been unaware that the back gate was open.

hy didn’t imagine for one moment t that her boss was swindling the company. did
ot for - did Cath . her boss was swindling the company.
e Se ]
each space. There is an example at the beginning
CO). Exampl.
Pioneers of TV Situation Comedy
The extinct bird (0) whose name features n the common expression “as dead as a dodo” has long cap =
- ridiculed because of zarre appearance. Portuguese and Dutch sailors were the first
opeans to (2) ....! at -- eyes on the creature on the island of Mauritius in about 1600. (3) .. - was
Portuguese who gave the bird its name, which means “idiot”. The poor creature (4) .. fil
k rather lotic to its discoverers. It had an enormous head and beak but tiny wings, which had s h rt
- negligible proportions that it could no (6) - 2NBSt...... actually fly. As a
consequence it was
ly Caught and eaten. But it was not so (7). the sailors as the pigs, cats and -
dogs that i
y introduced to Mauritius that really ()... -Prousht - about its demise. Within 40 years (9).
extinct.
The first known picture of a dodo, thought (10). oe - have been drawn by a humble travelling
es
artist,
..?
4)... - 1601. But it was not (42) 1
- two centuries later, when it
appeared
lines to forma character
a word that in faitsbook for space
in the children, Alice
im the sarein line.
Wonderland,
There isthat the dodo really
an example at the begiO
... caushWVsapturced.. the popular ima; ation. Nowadays (15)....- - Can scarcely be a
son in the
ld who has not heard about the non-existent dodo!
5 For questions 16 ~ 25, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of
=
? the Write your answers IN’ CAPITAL LETTERS

The Mozart Effect

Listening to Mozard it (0) Beneficial to the brain according to recent research BENEFIT
in
ch people performed better in certain tests after listening to the great composer.
Gordon Shaw, an American neurobiolog' t, used a standard intelligence test to VALUE/VISUAL
)... cxalu . whether people’s abi ty to (47)- what TEMPORARY
fferent
apes would look like when rotated could be (18). boosted by
stenin t music. Afte PERFORM
o r taking
for ten mitheutestest, college
another students
group wereo di
listened ided into
a ozart
INSPIRE
piano
e group sat in si jence n , +. m ut
s i c . MT h e y then
oups: MEAN

nata, while a third heard only rather dull and (19).

DENY SEVERE
sa t te a roup
e nd the
tes Mozart
t gart Effect
noticeably (20)..2U!P:
suffere a . the SIGNIFY
h st
Since two.
Shaw’s
hen sceptics
other t, l h is “Moz” d setback w
, ESTIMATE
tempting to replicate the original study, fi led to find any (21).. eT
provement. However, it is now understood that music does have
2).
3). - Of certain medical con ons. In children, music is thought to
of (24). n the building of networks of nerve cells within the brain.
more simply, the benefi s of a childhood rich in mu should not be
)... underestimate.d.
 ore Zs}
Proficiency Past Papers SS

similar meaning to the

s 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has e aeight g
first sentence ,
otestion
c h a n g e the word given. You must use befween thre and i the uword given
words, ncl ding
the word given.
s an example (0).
le: ob
Do yeu mind if | watch you while you paint?
D yo . . you while you paint?
o u
| fave any objection to my watching
re’s nothing to stop you applying for the job. why
here’s no ...reas
e yn wh u yo shouldn't
/ can
’ t aphyforihetibe.

If you want to suc ceed, forget about that last race,’ the coach told Paula.
he tcoach advised Paula .....12.put the last race out of her
ind if she wanted to succeed.

hould the concert be cancelled, the ticket price refunded. ref

be . will be offered to ticket holders.
if... theqoucert should’ be 7 ts cancelled, "=
cerund

Gary only managed to get his old motorbike going because he Trudy m.lped hi hel
ith out _.nelp from Trud /Trud
y ’s help,
y Gary wo ldn’t have
u rnnn gec e n estas
his old motorbike on the road age
|
‘Please be very careful th with at vase, it’s fragile,’. said Veronica
eroni c a us '¢ ake t grea care
a sked ( wi b h/offover t
the vase as/ since/because _

as fragile.

felt obliged to vote for Olaf as he had helped so much inme he t past.
. ch ice (for me
felt as if th re e.Was ne tether)
. o b ) ut/other than (to)
ch
niobate Glebe:
he had helped me so much in the past.

The exhibition was popular they decided to it a permanent feature. gr

so So< that s make plarity: . that they decided to make it
a permanent poree

1was surprised atr how st ongly Marcia reac

ted to the prop osals.
t he ..... 3
strength i. too he:
the t sroposals took me by surprise.
ength
 Pu201s s 0
R 3 USE OF ENGII
ue tions
s - 15,
7 read the text be ow land think of t he word which best fits each space. Use only
each
word space. There is an example at the beginning (O).

Secrets of Speech
Scientists .who The
tme,are at (0) present
discovered unravelling
tha it plucks spee h the
from workings of the
te othe noise bre human brain
ks it own a d wo
i t c h r s,
have, for the very
a d - moren than rks
just the mean 1g of the words. The aim s to discover what makes humans
ter-commiunicators. Results so (3) ...-far. - have been revealing.
One puzzle that has faced researchers (4) . the years has been (5) - we come to
-be
- good at language that we can convey and perceive information, (7) ...n98, by usin
one, but with subtler devices (8) .....! . intonation and rhythm. Using a brain scanning machine,
earchers have shown that speech is separated (9) RAG... words and ‘melody’, the varying intonation that reveals moo
on. The studies suggest that, while words are shunted to the left side of the brain Giese... proce: in
ody is channelled to the right side, a region more kely to be stimulated by musi
scanning is shedding (11) ....1i8Pf...... on other long-standing puzzles of speech. For example, . do we focus on
speech and not ignore it as we can with background noise? How is
. . that people cope with the peculiar quirk of English, namely that as (14) . many... as four fifths of the wo
e than one meaning? (15) ...F Resse - and other mysteries of language are becoming clearer.

u i 1 -25, 6read t e txt hbel w.

e se tho wor given
U ine CAPITALS
d at th en e d of some
dq est
thatons
fits In the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
ines to forma
Example: © [wooden
The Flute Maker
fter 15 years in the business, Chris Wilkes is one of the top makers of (Q@) wooden flutes wood
world. Great (16)....2*P¢5t required to be a top flute maker. Musical ab’ ty must PASS
matched by a (17)..P: fascination with tools and materials and an EXTE
. knowledge of the mathematics, geometry and history of the instrument. The MAST
ftsman needs practical (19). ry. . Of Wood-turning and metalwork and, perhaps most ENDU
all, powers of (20) ssn drance. - since he works extremely long hours.
Wilkes now believes he has finally (21)....perfests: craft, and completed his PERF
- - That his flutes are among the best in the world seems of little concern te APPR
charges a modest sum for h instruments and has a five-year waiting list. He is
ieged by notable flautists offering him a great deal of money to jump the queue, but they
REFU
with a flat (23). refusal -71F d been waiting five years for a flute and someone SET
ted messing me around, I’d get pretty (24). he says.
Wilkes’ flutes have earned this global reputation from refinements which create loud MOD
fect pitch and a beautiful woody character. They are fine-tuned by minute (25)....modifications....to IFY
parts, but exactly how this is done is a closely guarded secret passed down from generations of
ient flute makers.
t 4
rque
o tions 32-39
sc ange th .compl te the
e eco sd se n n that
ten e so c t has isim lar ame ning
i t thea first seno ence. using
nt h e w ord given. You must use between three and eight words. including
e is an example (O).
t the word given.
word given.
a mple:
Do you mind if | watch you while you paint?
Do . you while you paint?
you
0 [#ave any objection to my watching |

“We must solve the problem immediately, said the director. ne

Problem needs to be - found,’ said the director.

s poor light, I thought you were my brother-in-law.

In this poor light, my brother-in-law.

hen my money ran out on holiday, I had to come home early.

When my money ran out on holiday, 1 w-++++ t0 Come home early.

I started talking to a very interesting woman on the train. co

got . fh. . a very interesting woman on the trz

Only full-time students are allowed to use the internet. re

Use . ifthe: sted to... - full-time students.

Raphael will certainly not be elected chairman again this year. ch

Raphael . A “th: i h fb: - elected Chairman again this year.

don’t know Paula’s I reasons for refusing the fa

haven't .......- _Bet job-the faintest ea why Paula - down the job.

itterness never makes one feel any better. ga

There’s . nothing to be gained by being| bitter.
 R 3 USE OF ENGLISH - Parti
questions ~ 15, 7 read
e the text b low
f and think o the word which best fits each spac
ach s ace. There
p s an example
i a the beg nning
t ( . i Oo)
Example: [6] out]
Use only one word
Managing Emotions
ways in (1) .. our brains work has begun to
At times, normally rational people will suddenly lash (QO) owt in anger when threatened. Research into the
....8hss - some light on why this happens. Deep in
skulls lurks a primitive part of the brain, the amygdala, one of (3) ..-3#= 022 prime functions is to respond instantly to t
imulus of threat with the decision to fight (4) run.
This explai hy. » When we are angry, we are often advised to count up to ten to give us time to con
) - - than to react immediately. This is one way of coping with strong emotions but
no (7) ... 2B SANS... the whole solution. Developing emotional competence involves (8) . eing...... able t
entify and manage feelings. Highly successful people are often those who have come to (9) - Lexa
eir own emotions. People who can do this wi nd (0) .themselyes.. in a much better posi jon to unde
tions of others.
Once (11) 8 lien ied the triggers that set (12) - - our anger, it is possible
for people to
ll what they have done to upset us. At least they will then know when there is a strong pos: y

2SRRSONSQHF reacting badly.

Sometimes, though, (14) hex - we react is a result of internal factors; if we are feeling
par we to behave badly.

q uest ons
i 1 -25,6 read t e t xt
h bele w. seo th worU givene in CAPITALS
d at th en e d of some of the lines to
that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
a

Junk Food
Some years ago, research was (0) undertaken by a committee of British politi: ns whose job was to (16). - TAKE
ernment policy on health. One of their recommendations was to ban advertisements for food
en with sugar or fat which were aimed at children. It was a move that had been, (17) PRE
y.... enough, resisted by the food and advertising DIC
T
the rising tide of (18)......02SSI8Y.
tries. The food industry’s main claim was that it was not junk food that was to blame for
as) - but our | lifestyles. OBE
Common sense suggested that unhealthy eating and lack of exercise are contributory factors. SE
only Gini... Sesatainty: /
ecessar
-- encourage
was also claimed that advertisements do not (21). people to eat more; they just ACT
suade them to switch loyalty from one brand to another. But when an independent agency published
own (22). Systernintic - research evidence on this issue, CERT
various (23).. el iar eee, . Suggested that advertisements for a NECE
icular chocolate bar boost not only the sales of that brand but the (24).. overall -
umption of chocolate as well. SYS
It remains to be seen how (25) . this research will prove to be in the long term. TEM
AND
OvER

INF
LUE
NCE
 =WE ERS HoleNeyvalERSTREATERS
questions 32-39, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
ng thec hwerd
onot a n g egiven.
the w o r d You must use befween three and eight words. including the word given.
e given.
is an example (0).
a mple:
Do you mind if | watch you while you paint?
Do -.-. you while you paint?
you .
[_0 fave any objection to my watching
s well as being a teacher, Ali is a member of local council. on
Not . the Al teacher but also - a member of the local council

When Joan was offered the she accepted it without hesitation. he

When Joan was job, offered - she did mot hesitate to accept 7
the job,

4 Mr. Dean i to be a very strict teacher. re

Mr. Dean . Bese oe etaten ates - a very strict teacher.

1 don’t think Veronica will want to come back from Chile — she’s never enjoyed
anything as much as this trip. ti
1 don’t think Veronica will want to come back from Chile — she’s
Pee seein efher fer

They should have bought the house last year when prices were lower. be
It would Rave. been better for them to haye bought the house last year when prices were lower.
when - into consi ra ion that)
ar
Jo speaks Chinese quite well considering
. he has only been studying it for a year. con
Jo speaks Chinese quite well it is taken into consideration that (vou take
he has only been studying ita for a ye de t

y impression is that Ernst is a very good lawyer. strikes Ernst .. ao

UNSSS
maj r Sree Se..
damag eeseeeeeeeeeeess A Very good lawyer.

o blaze at the factory would have caused a

f the firefighters hadn’t intervened swiftly, the But _.fer the sw
e - the blaze at the factory
swift interve
would have caused major damage-
 PER 3 USE OF ENGLISH - Part 1 For questions 1 - 15, read
n ach space. h re s an exam e T e i
e text below and think of th ple at the beginning (0).
ons:
Porcelain
a
l
i
t
y
t
o

s been found to The

secret of (6) .
mperatures in exces
exceptional chemical compo:
r
) SEMSof the demand it created in countries other «mt.
d-18th century, European merchants had develo
ped an insatiable appetite (12) .. fe the frag
- as ‘white gold’.
ceram-- Created an unrivalled exp
market, and

2
q uest ions 16-25. read the text below. Use the wi ord given in CAPITALS at the end of some of the fines
that fits in the space in t he s mae lin Th
e. re se an ixam p ee t the
l begi
a ningn O). (
orm a

t DEFI
QUES
n

e
inery and spotted the computer on each desk, on which all the most significant STUD
f Y
aad work is done.
EDIT
-- are based ENTE
o nf
r m a t ion drawn from online databases worldwide, and
added to the dictionary
.. elect N Y , tlargely
rec w i t h o u t r e c o u r s e to p en and paper. H o w e v e r , the t h o u s a n d s of
aper note u ELECT
p sed o o rd (21). - would be immediately CORRE
:.., s
Sainte... 5 MEANI
Mur c0:him.
. ciences onan
versant witha dozens
ray’s day, of languages.
lexicographe r needed To to ay be a exicographic
polymath, al
fam ar with many s d EXPE
ys con
sharp and hard-earned as ever, but the dcompi l, ation
l of dicti
onary text is now d ependent
expertise RT
gin together the wide-ranging know-how of different (24). » consisting
th ghin- ouse staf m e m b e r s and external .(25).. PARTI
f CONTR
a a antes eer eS RS |
r questions 32- 39, compl e te the
s eco
n d sen tenc e so thati t has a sim lar
i me ning
a o first sen ence,t using
t the
net
is n change the
example ). word given. You must use between three and eight words. inciuding the word gi
re mp a (0
given.
o e:
Exa l
Do you
Do you mind if| watch you while you paint?

objection
you paint?
[0 have any objection to my watching ]
It was too dark for Hansel to be able to read the notice. el
It was unable to / ould n
was

Don’t assume that things are going to be easy. f

Don’t assume for one
$ moment wipers
/ for one moment that things are going to be easy.
pii on
th
Carlo’s angry outburst showed the depth of his resentment of his brother's interference. d
Carlo’s angry outburst showed ......™ deep! fk ed broth: . interference.

The local football team is about to sign a new striker.

The local football team
verge
is

I think you'll be sorry you lent your bike to Sylvie. m

think you'll find that you - your bike to Sylvie.

t was the most beautifully ustrated manuscript I had ever seen. m

Never - (before) havenae
1 seen a more Sbeantraliyames rated manuscript.

‘It doesn’t take a minute to make an omelette,’ said Paul cheerfully.

‘Making an omelette ly takes any time at
hardly
- all,’ said Paul cheerfully.

Susanna will not be satisfied unt she has won the music competition. s
Susanna.
 PS Se ee <S CSS Seo |
SE OF ENGLISH - Part 1
1 r l he word which best fits each space. Use only
ons
space.— 75There
ea i than tex be owat and
example thethin o t (0).
beginning
, d e t k f

Ways of Communicating
, in common (0) with all social anim als, must
o (2 be able to C o m m u n i c a t e . (1)
Qnly. -
on can one animal nfluence the behaviour - ne “4... Given the e n o r m o u s c o m mthrou
un
©) -. f. f ) Others
- human speech, however, non-human commun ation may seem severely restricted.
cause human communication is based mainly, although by no (4) - -
exclusively, on the
t t e ot
her hand, may (5) - make
ry s e n s o r y cmore
h a n e use
l fof
c oscent, touch,
a t i o and
n of sounds. Animals, on h
nde d, (6) . <2sh. a m may be used, and when
is (7) .
e nd nto
eve account,n animoal communicati
munic non is seen as possessing (8) - ts -

d variety.
38... said that, vocal communication between animals is made up of a relatively
his imited
s b range of
ecause it is so (10) - Hiks....... human language, which comprises words with de nit
hat may be rearranged, giving rise to an almost i finite variety of new meanings and
a tion
. (1 1) - signa conveys one an onl e
e situ o a rule however, each animal ki singl one, message.
ord-
sages annot e t uct new l o A y
, , d
c b vi d r
di nformat o
rearranged
n e
ed constr ds f
contain several bi of releva
nt ion(12 t
...f9£........... eceiver e Fo th ca o
ion. alsh indicat (13
sects a wel message may, ) . r :- Where-
e ll f
example, o e )
s l
as giving information about social status, ca
formation (14) ..5! b - as this may play a crucial nrole (15) - . a
urvival.
s 16-25. read the text below. Use the word given in CAPITALS at the end of some of the lines to form
ts in the space i n t eh same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).

© [Aeignt
Photography from the Air
hotographs are usually taken at a (0) height of a hundred metres or so. They thus bear a close HIGH RESEMBLE
a g to the views taken o lfrom
ndsca talles itower: lmos - But there formr
are beautiful.
kJudg
n
map-like d ART / STRIKE
udet which
eatersh. S tw a suchp aerial a p h o t tg r a p hns a e. by
andards, o re quite (18).
en s of ingly.
land which
se di formation about the cont t a scape would
OBTAIN

ee
DISPENSE
hotography is thus an (20). HISTORY
- tool for the archaeologist or CONSEQUENCE
-» Whose view of the landscape is normally confined to ground level,
to vital evidence may (22). - be severely restricted. To
ample,
a , numerous occasi s r t on , evealed
of DISCOVER
cri l photography has on he existence ARGUE
(23). discovered | ancient building
un
ly s.
A --, One fo the most challe nging things about aerial photography
is unlikely to provide a familiar vi ew of its subj
ect matte r.
It can theref o r e serve
aluable purposes, many of them nteresting and unusual. It has, for instance, EXCEPT
an (25). =xcepiionalty. effective method of assessing wild bird populations.
fic

ns 32-39. complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
hange the word given e eight words
. You mu st use bet ween thre and ncluding
. i the word given.

word given.

o mi nd if 1 watch
ou y while you paint?
... ae - you while you paint?

have any objection to my watching

l can accommodate more than a hundred people. seated

than a hundred people .....62%.BS.seated in the hall.

going camping tomorrow whatever the weather is like. no

e going camping tomorrow ee eee eer eee eee: entear like.

d never have finished the job in time without Kate’s assistance. for
souks Sess Toe - Kate’s assistance, we would never
finished the job in time.

ng singer was taken aback by the rapturous applause. came

apturous applause .....cam™ms.as. a shock/surprise to to the young singer.

tic said he hadn’t seen a better play for ages. best

© said ....1t/that_was_the best play he had. .. for ages

e conference programme is the same as in other years. changes

have been ...2@. there
expected, changest.e
was no the programme for
oppositi . this year’s conference.

plan, as it turned out, no one was oppositi

h we expected many people to be against our . to our plan.
ry. fo our expectations (10 .whatwe
on

s now so far behind in the race it will take a miracle for him to win it. short
l be. nothing short.of a miracle if Keino wins the race now
is so far behind.